Difference between revisions of "Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/The-Greek-sentence-types"
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[[File:αρνηση-καταφαση.png|thumb | <div class="pg_page_title">Elements of sentence construction in Modern Greek</div> | ||
[[File:αρνηση-καταφαση.png|thumb]]Phrase is a group of words containing and does express a complete thought. | |||
There are a variety of ways to classify sentences. | |||
# Affirmative Principle. In every true affirmative predicative sentence the subject term is satisfied | |||
#Negation is the opposite of an affirmative statement. | |||
The simple negative particles are : '''όχι, δεν (δε), μην (μη)''' "no", "not" etc. | The simple negative particles are : '''όχι, δεν (δε), μην (μη)''' "no", "not" etc. | ||
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Here are some negation expressions that you might come across or use very often : | Here are some negation expressions that you might come across or use very often : | ||
'''ποτέ, κανένας, ούτε, τίποτε, αποκλείεται, ουδέν, ούτε.''' | * '''ποτέ, κανένας, ούτε, τίποτε, αποκλείεται, ουδέν, ούτε.''' = never, no one, nor, nothing, excluded, nothing, never, no one | ||
never, no one, nor, nothing, excluded, nothing, never, no one | |||
== The four types of sentences == | |||
There are four types in Greek sentence, classified by their purpose: | There are four types in Greek sentence, classified by their purpose: | ||
'''Declarative sentences''' make a statement. They tell us something. | * '''Declarative sentences''' make a statement. They tell us something. | ||
They give us information, and they normally end with a full-stop/period. | They give us information, and they normally end with a full-stop/period. | ||
'''Imperative sentences''' give a command. They tell us to do something. | * '''Imperative sentences''' give a command. They tell us to do something. | ||
'''Interrogative sentences ask a question'''. They ask us something. | * '''Interrogative sentences ask a question'''. They ask us something. | ||
They want information, and they always end with a question mark. | They want information, and they always end with a question mark. | ||
'''Exclamative sentences''' express strong emotion/surprise—an exclamation— | * '''Exclamative sentences''' express strong emotion/surprise—an exclamation— and they always end with an exclamation mark/point (!) | ||
and they always end with an exclamation mark/point (!) | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Form | |||
!ΚΑΤΑΦΑΤΙΚΕΣ: affirmative | |||
!ΑΡΝΗΤΙΚΕΣ: negative | |||
|- | |- | ||
|ΑΠΟΦΑΝΤΙΚΕΣ ή ΚΡΙΣΗΣ (.) | |ΑΠΟΦΑΝΤΙΚΕΣ ή ΚΡΙΣΗΣ (.) | ||
declarative sentence | declarative sentence | ||
| | |Η Μαρία μιλάει ελληνικά. | ||
Maria speaks Greek | Maria speaks Greek | ||
| | |Ο Γιάννης δεν έχει ποδήλατο. | ||
John it did not have bicycle | John it did not have bicycle | ||
Line 59: | Line 46: | ||
|Παρακαλώ δώστε μου τα κλειδιά : | |Παρακαλώ δώστε μου τα κλειδιά : | ||
Please hand me the keys | |||
| | |Να μην πάμε εκδρομή αύριο! | ||
We are not going on an excursion tomorrow | We are not going on an excursion tomorrow | ||
Line 80: | Line 67: | ||
That was scary! | That was scary! | ||
| | |Δεν το πιστεύω! | ||
I do not believe that | I do not believe that | ||
|} | |} | ||
== '''Negation in a sentence''' == | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Ελληνικά | |||
!English | |||
! | |||
! | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Μην ανησυχείς! | |Μην ανησυχείς! | ||
|Don't worry! | |Don't worry! | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Δε μπορώ να θυμηθώ τη λέξη | |Δε μπορώ να θυμηθώ τη λέξη | ||
|I cannot remember the word | |I cannot remember the word | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Δε μιλώ ελληνικά | ||
|I do not speak greek | |I do not speak greek | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Δεν ξέρω / Δεν γνωρίζω | |Δεν ξέρω / Δεν γνωρίζω | ||
|I don't know! | |I don't know! | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Δε μιλάω ακόμα άπταιστα γαλλικά | |Δε μιλάω ακόμα άπταιστα γαλλικά | ||
|I'm not fluent in French yet | |I'm not fluent in French yet | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Δεν ενδιαφέρομαι | |Δεν ενδιαφέρομαι | ||
|I'm not interested! | |I'm not interested! | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Κανείς εδώ δε μιλάει Ελληνικά | |Κανείς εδώ δε μιλάει Ελληνικά | ||
|No one here speaks Greek | |No one here speaks Greek | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Κανένα πρόβλημα | |Κανένα πρόβλημα | ||
|No problem! | |No problem! | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Αυτό δεν είναι σωστό | |Αυτό δεν είναι σωστό | ||
|This is not correct | |This is not correct | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Αυτό είναι λάθος | |Αυτό είναι λάθος | ||
|This is wrong | |This is wrong | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Δεν καταλαβαίνουμε | |Δεν καταλαβαίνουμε | ||
|We don't understand | |We don't understand | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Δεν πρέπει να ξεχάσεις αυτή τη λέξη | |Δεν πρέπει να ξεχάσεις αυτή τη λέξη | ||
|You should not forget this word | |You should not forget this word | ||
|} | |} | ||
{{Marianthi-Signature}} | |||
==Other Lessons== | |||
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Greek-Deponent-Verbs|Greek Deponent Verbs]] | |||
| | * [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/The-final-v|The final v]] | ||
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Interjections|Interjections]] | |||
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Augment-in-modern-Greek|Augment in modern Greek]] | |||
| | * [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Participle-spelling|Participle spelling]] | ||
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Verb-To-Be|Verb To Be]] | |||
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Verbes-auxiliaires|Verbes auxiliaires]] | |||
| | * [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Direct-and-indirect-speech|Direct and indirect speech]] | ||
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Particles|Particles]] | |||
* [[Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Imperative-(Present)|Imperative (Present)]] | |||
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Latest revision as of 10:51, 27 March 2023
Phrase is a group of words containing and does express a complete thought.
There are a variety of ways to classify sentences.
- Affirmative Principle. In every true affirmative predicative sentence the subject term is satisfied
- Negation is the opposite of an affirmative statement.
The simple negative particles are : όχι, δεν (δε), μην (μη) "no", "not" etc.
Here are some negation expressions that you might come across or use very often :
- ποτέ, κανένας, ούτε, τίποτε, αποκλείεται, ουδέν, ούτε. = never, no one, nor, nothing, excluded, nothing, never, no one
The four types of sentences[edit | edit source]
There are four types in Greek sentence, classified by their purpose:
- Declarative sentences make a statement. They tell us something.
They give us information, and they normally end with a full-stop/period.
- Imperative sentences give a command. They tell us to do something.
- Interrogative sentences ask a question. They ask us something.
They want information, and they always end with a question mark.
- Exclamative sentences express strong emotion/surprise—an exclamation— and they always end with an exclamation mark/point (!)
Form | ΚΑΤΑΦΑΤΙΚΕΣ: affirmative | ΑΡΝΗΤΙΚΕΣ: negative |
---|---|---|
ΑΠΟΦΑΝΤΙΚΕΣ ή ΚΡΙΣΗΣ (.)
declarative sentence |
Η Μαρία μιλάει ελληνικά.
Maria speaks Greek |
Ο Γιάννης δεν έχει ποδήλατο.
John it did not have bicycle |
ΠΡΟΣΤΑΚΤΙΚΕΣ ή ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑΣ (. ! )
imperative sentence |
Παρακαλώ δώστε μου τα κλειδιά :
Please hand me the keys |
Να μην πάμε εκδρομή αύριο!
We are not going on an excursion tomorrow |
ΕΡΩΤΗΜΑΤΙΚΕΣ (;)
interrogative sentence (?) |
Πώς σε λένε?
What is your name? |
Ο Πέτρος δεν έχει βιβλία;
Peter has no books? |
ΕΠΙΦΩΝΗΜΑΤΙΚΕΣ ( ! )
exclamatory sentence |
Αυτό ήταν τρομακτικό!
That was scary! |
Δεν το πιστεύω!
I do not believe that |
Negation in a sentence[edit | edit source]
Ελληνικά | English |
---|---|
Μην ανησυχείς! | Don't worry! |
Δε μπορώ να θυμηθώ τη λέξη | I cannot remember the word |
Δε μιλώ ελληνικά | I do not speak greek |
Δεν ξέρω / Δεν γνωρίζω | I don't know! |
Δε μιλάω ακόμα άπταιστα γαλλικά | I'm not fluent in French yet |
Δεν ενδιαφέρομαι | I'm not interested! |
Κανείς εδώ δε μιλάει Ελληνικά | No one here speaks Greek |
Κανένα πρόβλημα | No problem! |
Αυτό δεν είναι σωστό | This is not correct |
Αυτό είναι λάθος | This is wrong |
Δεν καταλαβαίνουμε | We don't understand |
Δεν πρέπει να ξεχάσεις αυτή τη λέξη | You should not forget this word |
Author[edit source]
- Ευγενική χορηγία που στοχεύει να βοηθήσει μαθητές ή μη, απανταχού της Γης, που επιδίδονται στην εκμάθηση της ελληνικής γλώσσας!
- Contribution bénévole visant à aider les personnes, partout dans le monde, qui sont engagées dans l'apprentissage de la langue grecque !
- Voluntary contribution aimed at helping people, all over the world, who are committed to learning the Greek language!
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Greek Deponent Verbs
- The final v
- Interjections
- Augment in modern Greek
- Participle spelling
- Verb To Be
- Verbes auxiliaires
- Direct and indirect speech
- Particles
- Imperative (Present)