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<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-People|◀️ Describing People — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Comparatives-and-Superlatives|Next Lesson — Comparatives and Superlatives ▶️]]
|}
</span>


{{Korean-Page-Top}}
{{Korean-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Korean|Korean]]  → [[Language/Korean/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Korean/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Describing Things</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">Korean Grammar → Describing People and Things → Describing Things</div>
Welcome to our lesson on "Describing Things"! This part of the Korean language is incredibly important because it allows you to express your thoughts and ideas about the world around you. Whether you're talking about the size of a building, the color of a dress, or the shape of a fruit, being able to describe things will enhance your communication skills and make your conversations much more engaging.


__TOC__
In this lesson, we will cover:


In this lesson, you will learn Korean vocabulary related to describing things, such as size, color, and shape. You will learn how to form sentences using adjectives and other descriptive words.
* '''The role of adjectives in descriptions'''


== Korean Adjectives ==
* '''Vocabulary related to size, color, and shape'''


Korean adjectives usually come before the noun they describe. Unlike in English, there is no need to change the adjective form to match the singular, plural, or gender of the noun.
* '''How to form sentences using descriptive words'''


Here are some common Korean adjectives:
* '''Practice exercises to reinforce your learning'''
 
Let’s dive in and explore the colorful world of describing things in Korean!
 
__TOC__
 
=== The Role of Adjectives in Descriptions ===
 
Adjectives are words that describe nouns. They provide information about the characteristics of a person, place, thing, or idea. In Korean, adjectives are used similarly to English but have their unique structure and conjugation.
 
==== Basic Structure of Adjectives ====
 
In Korean, adjectives can function as predicates (the part of a sentence that tells what the subject does or is) and are conjugated based on the tense of the sentence. For example:
 
* '''Present Tense''': The adjective remains in its base form.
 
* '''Past Tense''': The adjective is conjugated into a past form.
 
Here are some examples of common adjectives used to describe things:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| 큰 || keun || big
 
| 크다 || keuda || big
 
|-
|-
| 작은 || jageun || small
 
| 작다 || jakda || small
 
|-
|-
| 짧은 || jjalbeun || short
 
| 예쁘다 || yeppeuda || pretty
 
|-
|-
| 긴 || gin || long
 
| 못생기다 || motsaengida || ugly
 
|-
|-
| 좋은 || joeun || good
 
| 길다 || gilda || long
 
|-
|-
| 나쁜 || nappeun || bad
 
| 짧다 || jjalbda || short
 
|-
 
| 밝다 || balgda || bright
 
|-
 
| 어두다 || eoduda || dark
 
|-
 
| 새롭다 || saeropda || new
 
|-
 
| 낡다 || nagda || old
 
|}
 
=== Vocabulary for Describing Size ===
 
When describing size, we often use the adjectives 크다 (big) and 작다 (small). But there are many more adjectives to express various sizes. Here are some additional vocabulary words related to size:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| 예쁜 || yeppeun || pretty
 
| 넓다 || neolbda || wide
 
|-
|-
| 추운 || chuun || cold
 
| 좁다 || jobda || narrow
 
|-
|-
| 더운 || deoun || hot
 
| 두껍다 || dukkeobda || thick
 
|-
|-
| 차가운 || chagaun || cool
 
| 얇다 || yalbda || thin
 
|-
|-
| 덜 추운 || deol chuun || cool(cold)
 
| 큼직하다 || keumjikada || large
 
|-
|-
| 따뜻한 || ttatteushan || warm
 
| 미세하다 || misehada || tiny
 
|-
|-
| 어두운 || eoduun || dark
 
| 적당하다 || jeokdanghada || moderate
 
|-
|-
| 밝은 || balkkeun || bright
|}


<h3>Using Adjectives to Describe Things</h3>
| 굵다 || gulda || thick (in diameter)


To use adjectives to describe things in Korean, simply place them before the noun.
|-


For example:
| 가늘다 || ganeulda || thin (in diameter)


* 큰 차 (keun cha) - big car
|-
* 작은 사과 (jageun sagwa) - small apple
* 짧은 바지 (jjalbeun baji) - short pants
* 긴 치마 (gin chima) - long skirt
* 좋은 음식 (joeun eumsik) - good food
* 나쁜 날씨 (nappeun nalssi) - bad weather
* 예쁜 화분 (yeppeun hwabun) - pretty flower pot
* 추운 겨울 (chuun gyeoul) - cold winter
* 더운 여름 (deoun yeoreum) - hot summer
* 차가운 음료수 (chagaun eumnyosu) - cool beverage
* 덜 추운 날씨 (deol chuun nalssi) - cool(cold) weather
* 따뜻한 잠 (ttatteushan jam) - warm sleep
* 어두운 방 (eoduun bang) - dark room
* 밝은 빛 (balkkeun bit) - bright light


<h3>Korean Colors</h3>
| 방대하다 || bangdaehada || enormous
 
|}


Colors in Korean are usually written using Sino-Korean vocabulary. Sino-Korean vocabulary is based on Chinese characters that have been assimilated into Korean.
=== Vocabulary for Describing Color ===


Here are some common colors in Korean:
Colors are another crucial aspect of describing things. Here are some basic color adjectives in Korean:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| 흰색 || heuinsaek || white
 
| 빨간색 || ppalgansek || red
 
|-
|-
| 검은색 || geomeunsaek || black
 
| 파란색 || paransek || blue
 
|-
|-
| 회색 || hoesaek || gray (lit. fish color)
 
| 초록색 || choroksek || green
 
|-
|-
| 갈색 || galsaek || brown
 
| 노란색 || noransek || yellow
 
|-
|-
| 빨간색 || ppalgansaek || red (lit. fire color)
 
| 검은색 || geom-eunsek || black
 
|-
|-
| 주황색 || juhwangsaek || orange
 
| 흰색 || huinseok || white
 
|-
|-
| 노란색 || noransaek || yellow
 
| 주황색 || juhwangsek || orange
 
|-
|-
| 초록색 || choroksaek || green
 
| 보라색 || borasek || purple
 
|-
|-
| 파란색 || paransaek || blue
 
| 분홍색 || bunhongsek || pink
 
|-
|-
| 보라색 || borasaek || purple
 
| 회색 || hoesaek || gray
 
|}
|}


<h3>Using Colors to Describe Things</h3>
=== Vocabulary for Describing Shape ===
 
When describing shape, you can use these common adjectives:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| 원형 || wonhyeong || round


To use colors to describe things in Korean, place the color word before the noun.
|-


For example:
| 사각형 || sagak-hyeong || square


* 흰색 셔츠 (heuinsaek syeocheu) - white shirt
|-
* 검은색 바지 (geomeunsaek baji) - black pants
* 회색 자켓 (hoesaek jakyet) - gray jacket
* 갈색 가방 (galsaek gabang) - brown bag
* 빨간색 뽀빠이 (ppalgansaek ppoppai) - red balloon
* 주황색 단추 (juhwangsaek danchu) - orange button
* 노란색 학용품 (noransaek hag-yongpum) - yellow school supply
* 초록색 나무 (choroksaek namu) - green tree
* 파란색 샤워 커텐 (paransaek syawo keoten) - blue shower curtain
* 보라색 바지 (borasaek baji) - purple pants


== Size and Shape Adjectives ==
| 직사각형 || jiksagak-hyeong || rectangle


Size and shape adjectives are also important in describing things.
|-


Here are some common size and shape adjectives:
| 삼각형 || samgak-hyeong || triangle


{| class="wikitable"
! Korean !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| 큰 || keun || big
 
| 평면 || pyeongmyeon || flat
 
|-
|-
| 작은 || jageun || small
 
| 입체 || ipche || three-dimensional
 
|-
|-
| 짧은 || jjalbeun || short
 
| 구부러진 || gubureojin || curved
 
|-
|-
| 긴 || gin || long
 
| 뾰족한 || ppyojokhan || pointed
 
|-
|-
| 크다 || keuda || large
 
| 넓적한 || neoljeokhan || broad
 
|-
|-
| 작다 ||


{{Korean-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
| 긴 || gin || long (shape)
 
|}
 
=== Forming Sentences with Adjectives ===
 
Now that we have a good grasp of adjectives, let's learn how to use them in sentences. The basic sentence structure in Korean is Subject-Object-Verb (SOV). When using adjectives, they often come before the noun they describe.
 
Here are some examples:
 
1. 이 사과는 크다. (This apple is big.)
 
2. 그 집은 예쁘다. (That house is pretty.)
 
3. 이 바지는 길다. (These pants are long.)
 
4. 저 꽃은 노란색이다. (That flower is yellow.)
 
5. 그 남자는 뚱뚱하다. (That man is fat.)
 
In these sentences, the adjectives describe the subject (the noun) directly.
 
=== Practice Exercises ===
 
Now it's time to put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises for you to practice what you've learned.
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ====
 
Fill in the blanks with the correct adjective from the vocabulary lists above.
 
1. 이 고양이는 ____. (This cat is ___.)
 
2. 그 책은 ____. (That book is ___.)
 
3. 저 나무는 ____. (That tree is ___.)
 
4. 이 의자는 ____. (This chair is ___.)
 
5. 그 구두는 ____. (Those shoes are ___.)
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. 예쁘다 (pretty)
 
2. 작다 (small)
 
3. 크다 (big)
 
4. 길다 (long)
 
5. 빨간색 (red)
 
==== Exercise 2: Sentence Creation ====
 
Create sentences using the following prompts.
 
1. Describe your favorite fruit using size and color.
 
2. Describe your favorite piece of clothing using shape and size.
 
3. Describe a person you admire using an adjective for appearance.
 
'''Sample Answers:'''
 
1. 이 바나나는 노란색이고 크다. (This banana is yellow and big.)
 
2. 이 티셔츠는 원형이고 짧다. (This t-shirt is round and short.)
 
3. 그 여자는 예쁘고 똑똑하다. (That woman is pretty and smart.)
 
==== Exercise 3: Matching Adjectives with Nouns ====
 
Match the adjectives to the nouns.
 
1. 큰      a. 사과
 
2. 빨간색  b. 바지
 
3. 예쁜    c. 꽃
 
4. 작은    d. 집
 
5. 긴      e. 나무
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1-a, 2-c, 3-d, 4-e, 5-b
 
==== Exercise 4: Translate to Korean ====
 
Translate the following sentences into Korean.
 
1. The sky is blue.
 
2. The dog is small.
 
3. This table is old.
 
4. That car is new.
 
5. The dress is pretty.
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. 하늘은 파란색이다.
 
2. 그 개는 작다.
 
3. 이 테이블은 낡다.
 
4. 저 차는 새롭다.
 
5. 그 드레스는 예쁘다.
 
==== Exercise 5: Describing Pictures ====
 
Look at the following pictures (imagine them or provide them) and describe them using at least three adjectives.
 
'''Sample Answer:'''
 
Picture of a flower: "이 꽃은 예쁘고 노란색이며 향기가 좋다." (This flower is pretty, yellow, and smells good.)
 
=== Conclusion ===
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson on describing things in Korean! You've learned essential vocabulary related to size, color, and shape, and you now know how to form sentences using adjectives. Keep practicing these concepts in your daily conversations, and you'll find that describing things in Korean becomes second nature.
 
Don't forget to review the vocabulary regularly and try using it in different contexts. The more you practice, the more confident you'll become in your Korean language journey!
 
{{#seo:
 
|title=Korean Grammar: Describing Things
 
|keywords=Korean adjectives, describing things in Korean, Korean vocabulary, size color shape, Korean grammar for beginners
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn Korean vocabulary related to describing things, including size, color, and shape, and how to form sentences using adjectives.
 
}}
 
{{Template:Korean-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


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==Videos==
==Videos==
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==Related Lessons==
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
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* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]


{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
{{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-People|◀️ Describing People — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Comparatives-and-Superlatives|Next Lesson — Comparatives and Superlatives ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 21:47, 31 July 2024

◀️ Describing People — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Comparatives and Superlatives ▶️

Korean-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Korean → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Describing Things

Welcome to our lesson on "Describing Things"! This part of the Korean language is incredibly important because it allows you to express your thoughts and ideas about the world around you. Whether you're talking about the size of a building, the color of a dress, or the shape of a fruit, being able to describe things will enhance your communication skills and make your conversations much more engaging.

In this lesson, we will cover:

  • The role of adjectives in descriptions
  • Vocabulary related to size, color, and shape
  • How to form sentences using descriptive words
  • Practice exercises to reinforce your learning

Let’s dive in and explore the colorful world of describing things in Korean!

The Role of Adjectives in Descriptions[edit | edit source]

Adjectives are words that describe nouns. They provide information about the characteristics of a person, place, thing, or idea. In Korean, adjectives are used similarly to English but have their unique structure and conjugation.

Basic Structure of Adjectives[edit | edit source]

In Korean, adjectives can function as predicates (the part of a sentence that tells what the subject does or is) and are conjugated based on the tense of the sentence. For example:

  • Present Tense: The adjective remains in its base form.
  • Past Tense: The adjective is conjugated into a past form.

Here are some examples of common adjectives used to describe things:

Korean Pronunciation English
크다 keuda big
작다 jakda small
예쁘다 yeppeuda pretty
못생기다 motsaengida ugly
길다 gilda long
짧다 jjalbda short
밝다 balgda bright
어두다 eoduda dark
새롭다 saeropda new
낡다 nagda old

Vocabulary for Describing Size[edit | edit source]

When describing size, we often use the adjectives 크다 (big) and 작다 (small). But there are many more adjectives to express various sizes. Here are some additional vocabulary words related to size:

Korean Pronunciation English
넓다 neolbda wide
좁다 jobda narrow
두껍다 dukkeobda thick
얇다 yalbda thin
큼직하다 keumjikada large
미세하다 misehada tiny
적당하다 jeokdanghada moderate
굵다 gulda thick (in diameter)
가늘다 ganeulda thin (in diameter)
방대하다 bangdaehada enormous

Vocabulary for Describing Color[edit | edit source]

Colors are another crucial aspect of describing things. Here are some basic color adjectives in Korean:

Korean Pronunciation English
빨간색 ppalgansek red
파란색 paransek blue
초록색 choroksek green
노란색 noransek yellow
검은색 geom-eunsek black
흰색 huinseok white
주황색 juhwangsek orange
보라색 borasek purple
분홍색 bunhongsek pink
회색 hoesaek gray

Vocabulary for Describing Shape[edit | edit source]

When describing shape, you can use these common adjectives:

Korean Pronunciation English
원형 wonhyeong round
사각형 sagak-hyeong square
직사각형 jiksagak-hyeong rectangle
삼각형 samgak-hyeong triangle
평면 pyeongmyeon flat
입체 ipche three-dimensional
구부러진 gubureojin curved
뾰족한 ppyojokhan pointed
넓적한 neoljeokhan broad
긴 gin long (shape)

Forming Sentences with Adjectives[edit | edit source]

Now that we have a good grasp of adjectives, let's learn how to use them in sentences. The basic sentence structure in Korean is Subject-Object-Verb (SOV). When using adjectives, they often come before the noun they describe.

Here are some examples:

1. 이 사과는 크다. (This apple is big.)

2. 그 집은 예쁘다. (That house is pretty.)

3. 이 바지는 길다. (These pants are long.)

4. 저 꽃은 노란색이다. (That flower is yellow.)

5. 그 남자는 뚱뚱하다. (That man is fat.)

In these sentences, the adjectives describe the subject (the noun) directly.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now it's time to put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises for you to practice what you've learned.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the correct adjective from the vocabulary lists above.

1. 이 고양이는 ____. (This cat is ___.)

2. 그 책은 ____. (That book is ___.)

3. 저 나무는 ____. (That tree is ___.)

4. 이 의자는 ____. (This chair is ___.)

5. 그 구두는 ____. (Those shoes are ___.)

Answers:

1. 예쁘다 (pretty)

2. 작다 (small)

3. 크다 (big)

4. 길다 (long)

5. 빨간색 (red)

Exercise 2: Sentence Creation[edit | edit source]

Create sentences using the following prompts.

1. Describe your favorite fruit using size and color.

2. Describe your favorite piece of clothing using shape and size.

3. Describe a person you admire using an adjective for appearance.

Sample Answers:

1. 이 바나나는 노란색이고 크다. (This banana is yellow and big.)

2. 이 티셔츠는 원형이고 짧다. (This t-shirt is round and short.)

3. 그 여자는 예쁘고 똑똑하다. (That woman is pretty and smart.)

Exercise 3: Matching Adjectives with Nouns[edit | edit source]

Match the adjectives to the nouns.

1. 큰 a. 사과

2. 빨간색 b. 바지

3. 예쁜 c. 꽃

4. 작은 d. 집

5. 긴 e. 나무

Answers:

1-a, 2-c, 3-d, 4-e, 5-b

Exercise 4: Translate to Korean[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Korean.

1. The sky is blue.

2. The dog is small.

3. This table is old.

4. That car is new.

5. The dress is pretty.

Answers:

1. 하늘은 파란색이다.

2. 그 개는 작다.

3. 이 테이블은 낡다.

4. 저 차는 새롭다.

5. 그 드레스는 예쁘다.

Exercise 5: Describing Pictures[edit | edit source]

Look at the following pictures (imagine them or provide them) and describe them using at least three adjectives.

Sample Answer:

Picture of a flower: "이 꽃은 예쁘고 노란색이며 향기가 좋다." (This flower is pretty, yellow, and smells good.)

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations on completing this lesson on describing things in Korean! You've learned essential vocabulary related to size, color, and shape, and you now know how to form sentences using adjectives. Keep practicing these concepts in your daily conversations, and you'll find that describing things in Korean becomes second nature.

Don't forget to review the vocabulary regularly and try using it in different contexts. The more you practice, the more confident you'll become in your Korean language journey!

Table of Contents - Korean Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Korean Alphabets


Greetings and Introductions


Korean Culture and Customs


Sentence Building


Daily Routine


Korean Pop Culture


Describing People and Things


Food and Drinks


Korean Traditions


Verb Tenses


Travel and Sightseeing


Korean Arts and Crafts


Conjunctions and Connectors


Health and Body


Korean Nature

Videos[edit | edit source]

How to Describe Tastes in Korean! - YouTube[edit | edit source]





Other Lessons[edit | edit source]




◀️ Describing People — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Comparatives and Superlatives ▶️

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