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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Tajik|Tajik]]  → [[Language/Tajik/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Tajik/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Negation in Sentences</div>
Welcome to this exciting lesson on '''negation in Tajik sentences'''! If you’re eager to express what you don't do or what isn’t true, you’ve come to the right place. Understanding how to negate sentences is crucial for effective communication. This lesson will guide you through the fundamentals of negation using the word "не" (pronounced "ne"), which plays a vital role in creating negative sentences in Tajik.
In Tajik, negation is quite straightforward, but it’s essential to understand its rules and applications to avoid confusion in conversations. Throughout this lesson, we will explore:
* The function of the negation word "не" in sentences.
* How to construct various types of negative sentences.
* A variety of examples to illustrate these concepts clearly.


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Tajik|Tajik]]  → [[Language/Tajik/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Tajik/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Negation in Sentences</div>
* Exercises to practice and reinforce your understanding of negation.
 
By the end of this lesson, you will be equipped to form negative sentences confidently in Tajik, a skill that will significantly enhance your language abilities.


__TOC__
__TOC__


Negation in Tajik can be expressed using the word "не" (ne). In this lesson, you will learn how to negate sentences in Tajik and practice forming negative sentences.
=== The Role of "не" in Tajik Negation ===
 
In Tajik, the word "не" is used to negate verbs, adjectives, and even nouns in certain contexts. It is similar to the English word "not." The placement of "не" in a sentence is generally before the verb or adjective.
 
For instance, in English, we say "I do not eat." In Tajik, this would translate to "Ман намехӯрам," where "не" signifies the negation of the verb "хӯрам" (to eat).


=== Basic Structure of Negative Sentences ===


<span link>Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson: [[Language/Tajik/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]] & [[Language/Tajik/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]].</span>
Here’s how to structure a negative sentence in Tajik:
== Negating Sentences with "не" ==


In Tajik, the word "не" (ne) is used to negate sentences. It is placed before the word that is being negated. For example:
1. '''Identify the verb or adjective''' you want to negate.
* Ман дарсхону не мехонам. (Man darskhonu ne mekhonam.) - I am not eating breakfast.


In this sentence, "не" negates the verb "mekhonam" which means "I am eating". Without "не", the sentence would mean "I am eating breakfast".
2. '''Place "не"''' before the verb or adjective.


Here are a few more examples:
3. '''Complete the sentence''' with any necessary subjects or objects.
 
Let’s look at some examples to clarify this structure.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Tajik !! Pronunciation !! English
! Tajik !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Ман китоб не мекунам. || Man kitob ne mekunam. || I am not reading a book.
 
| Ман намехӯрам || Man namekhuram || I do not eat
 
|-
 
| Ӯ наменависад || Ū namenavisad || He does not write
 
|-
 
| Мо намедонем || Mo namedonem || We do not know
 
|-
|-
| Ти рӯзаҳои шанбе не баҳорӣ сафар мекунӣ. || Ti ruzaҳoi shanbe ne bahorӣ safar mekuni. || You don't travel in spring on Saturdays.
 
| Шумо наметавонед || Shumo nametavoned || You (plural) cannot
 
|-
|-
| У ончоҳ дӯст не дорад. || U onchoh dust ne dorad. || He/she does not have many friends.
 
| Вай нест || Vay nest || She is not
 
|-
 
| Онҳо намераванд || Onho nameravand || They do not go
 
|}
|}


In some cases, "не" is placed after the word being negated. For example:
=== Examples of Negation in Different Contexts ===
 
To give you a clearer understanding, we will explore various contexts in which negation is used. Here are 20 examples categorized by different scenarios:
 
==== Negating Verbs ====
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Tajik !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Ман намешавам || Man nameshavam || I am not becoming
 
|-
 
| Ту намехонӣ || Tu namekhoni || You do not read
 
|-
 
| Вай намепарвад || Vay nameparvad || He does not fly
 
|-
 
| Мо намепартоем || Mo namepartoem || We do not throw
 
|-
 
| Шумо намесанҷед || Shumo namesanjed || You (plural) do not check
 
|-
 
| Онҳо намекунанд || Onho namekunand || They do not do
 
|}
 
==== Negating Adjectives ====
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Tajik !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-


* Ман би-неҳондантавон намекунам. (Man bi-nehondan tavon namhekunam.) - I cannot speak English.
| Дастури ман нағз нест || Dasturi man nagz nest || My instruction is not good


In this sentence, "не" is used to negate the verb "mekunam" which means "I am speaking". However, it is placed after the word "tavon" which means "English".
|-


== Using "не" in Questions ==
| Ин китоб нағз нест || In kitab nagz nest || This book is not good


In Tajik, questions can also be negated by using "не". For example:
|-


* Ту пӯшиш мекунӣ?! - Бе, ман не пӯшиш мекунам. (Tu pushish mekuni?! - Be, man ne pushish mekunam.) - Are you sleeping?! - No, I am not sleeping.
| Ман хурсанд нестам || Man khursand nestam || I am not happy


In this example, "не" is used to negate the verb "mekunam" which means "I am sleeping".
|-


Here are a few more examples:
| Он зан нағз нест || On zan nagz nest || That woman is not good
 
|-
 
| Шумо хушбахт нестед || Shumo khushbaht nested || You (plural) are not lucky
 
|-
 
| Вай зебо нест || Vay zebo nest || She is not beautiful
 
|}
 
==== Negating Nouns ====


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Tajik !! Pronunciation !! English
! Tajik !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Ин нағз нест || In nagz nest || This is not good
|-
|-
| Оё ту дар ошхона бошӯ?! - Не, ман дар ошхона небошӯм. || Oyo tu dar oshkhona boshu?! - Ne, man dar oshkhona ne-boshum. || Are you in the kitchen?! - No, I am not in the kitchen.
 
| Он одам нест || On odom nest || That is not a person
 
|-
|-
| Ту ширини мева хӯрок мекунӣ?! - Не, ман ширини мева хӯрок не мекунам. || Tu shirini meva khurok mekuni?! - Ne, man shirini meva khurok ne mekunam. || Are you eating sweet fruit food?! - No, I am not eating sweet fruit food.
 
| Ман духтари ман нестам || Man dukhtari man nestam || I am not my daughter
 
|-
|-
| Шумо фарҳанги тоҷикӣ гӯшиносед? - Не, ман фарҳанги тоҷикӣ не гӯшонам. || Shumo farhangi tojikii gushinosed? - No, man farhangi tojikii ne gushonam. || Do you speak Tajik language? - No, I do not speak Tajik language.
 
| Шумо фарзанди ман нестед || Shumo farzandi man nested || You are not my child
 
|-
 
| Вай донишҷӯи ман нест || Vay donishju'i man nest || He is not my student
 
|-
 
| Онҳо ҳамсоя нестанд || Onho hamsoya nestand || They are not neighbors
 
|}
|}


"Не" can also be used with question words such as "чӣ" (chi) and "кӯҳ" (kuh). For example:
=== Exercises to Practice Negation ===
 
Now that you have a solid understanding of how to negate sentences in Tajik, it’s time to practice! Here are 10 exercises for you to try. Don’t worry; solutions are provided at the end.
 
1. Translate the following sentence into Tajik: "I do not play."
 
2. Create a negative sentence using the verb "to go" (равтан).
 
3. Negate the following sentence: "Вай доно аст" (He is wise).
 
4. Write a negative statement about a book in Tajik.
 
5. Transform the sentence "Мо хурсандем" (We are happy) into a negative sentence.
 
6. Negate the adjective in the sentence: "Ин хӯрок хуб аст" (This food is good).
 
7. Translate into Tajik: "You do not understand."
 
8. Create a negative sentence with the noun "дӯст" (friend).


* Ту чӣ кӯшиш мекунӣ?! - Ман чӣ кӯшиш не мекунам. (Tu chi kushi mekuni?! - Man chi kushi ne mekunam.) - What are you doing?! - I am not doing anything.
9. Negate the following verb: "Ман мехонам" (I read).


In this example, "не" is used to negate the phrase "mekunam" which means "I am doing". However, it is placed after the word "chi" which means "what".
10. Write a negative sentence about a girl in Tajik.


== Practice ==
=== Solutions to Exercises ===


Here are a few exercises to practice negating sentences using "не". Fill in the blanks with the correct negative form of the verb.
1. '''Ман намебозам''' (Man namebozam) - I do not play.


1. Ман ___ (дидан) хонда намешавам. (Man ___ (didan) honda nameshavam.) - I do not study while watching TV.
2. '''Ман намеравам''' (Man nameravam) - I do not go.


2. У ___ (ҳафтара) дар шаҳр нақд надорад. (U ___ (haftra) dar shahr naqd nadarad.) - He/she does not have cash in the city for a week.
3. '''Вай доно нест''' (Vay dono nest) - He is not wise.


3. Ту ___ (китобхона) бӯра қоғаз намесузӣ. (Tu ___ (kitobkhona) bura qogaz namesuzi.) - You do not litter paper in the library.
4. '''Ин китоб нағз нест''' (In kitab nagz nest) - This book is not good.


4. Хурсандӣ ___ (ҳамомат) намекунам. (Khursandi ___ (hamomat) namkunam.) - I am not happy with the service.
5. '''Мо хурсанд нестем''' (Mo khursand nestem) - We are not happy.


5. Мо ба ___ (ҳеҷ) ҳавола не медиҳем. (Mo ba ___ (hej) havola ne medihem.) - We do not give references to anyone.
6. '''Ин хӯрок хуб нест''' (In khurok khub nest) - This food is not good.


6. Шумо ба ___ (ҳама) ширинӣ не мехӯронед. (Shumo ba ___ (hama) shirini ne mekhuronid.) - You do not eat sweet food at all.
7. '''Шумо намефаҳмед''' (Shumo namefahmed) - You do not understand.


7. Онҳо зиёрот ___ (коридан) накарданд. (Onho ziyorat ___ (koridan) nakardand.) - They did not work as tourists.
8. '''Вай дӯст нест''' (Vay dust nest) - He is not a friend.


8. Ман дар саҳара ___ (махсусат) баҳр не намешавам. (Man dar sahara ___ (makhosusat) bahr ne nameshavam.) - I was not in the sea specially in the morning.
9. '''Ман намехонам''' (Man namekhonam) - I do not read.


9. ___ (Шумо) кор ҷустуҷӯ не мекунед. (___ (Shumo) kor justomju ne mekuned.) - You do not work together.
10. '''Вай духтари ман нест''' (Vay dukhtari man nest) - She is not my daughter.


10. Онҳо бо ___ (ҷониби) шумо гӯфтанд намераванд. (Onho bo ___ (jonibi) shumo guftand namiravand.) - They did not go to you via that direction.
=== Conclusion ===


== Conclusion ==
Congratulations! You have successfully navigated through the mechanisms of negation in Tajik sentences. Remember that practice makes perfect, so keep using "не" in your conversations to become more comfortable with creating negative constructions. As you progress in your Tajik language journey, mastering negation will greatly enhance your ability to express your thoughts and feelings clearly.


In this lesson, you have learned how to negate sentences in Tajik using "не" and how to use "не" in questions. Practice forming negative sentences to improve your Tajik language skills. Negation is an important aspect of sentence formation in any language, and once you have mastered it, you will be able to express yourself more clearly in Tajik.
Feel free to revisit this lesson whenever you need to brush up on your negation skills. Keep up the great work, and see you in the next lesson!


<span link>Excellent job on conquering this lesson! Consider delving into these related pages: [[Language/Tajik/Grammar/Using-Adverbs|Using Adverbs]] & [[Language/Tajik/Grammar/Questions|Questions]].</span>
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|title=Tajik Grammar: Negation in Sentences  
 
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|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to negate sentences in Tajik using the word "не" and practice forming negative sentences.
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==Sources==
* [http://learn101.org/tajik_grammar.php Tajik Grammar | LEARN101.ORG]
* [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Tajik/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns Tajik Grammar - Personal Pronouns]
 




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==Sources==
* [http://learn101.org/tajik_grammar.php Tajik Grammar | LEARN101.ORG]
* [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Tajik/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns Tajik Grammar - Personal Pronouns]


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Latest revision as of 05:40, 2 August 2024

◀️ Subject-Object-Verb Order — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Numbers 1-20 ▶️

Tajik-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Tajik → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Negation in Sentences

Welcome to this exciting lesson on negation in Tajik sentences! If you’re eager to express what you don't do or what isn’t true, you’ve come to the right place. Understanding how to negate sentences is crucial for effective communication. This lesson will guide you through the fundamentals of negation using the word "не" (pronounced "ne"), which plays a vital role in creating negative sentences in Tajik.

In Tajik, negation is quite straightforward, but it’s essential to understand its rules and applications to avoid confusion in conversations. Throughout this lesson, we will explore:

  • The function of the negation word "не" in sentences.
  • How to construct various types of negative sentences.
  • A variety of examples to illustrate these concepts clearly.
  • Exercises to practice and reinforce your understanding of negation.

By the end of this lesson, you will be equipped to form negative sentences confidently in Tajik, a skill that will significantly enhance your language abilities.

The Role of "не" in Tajik Negation[edit | edit source]

In Tajik, the word "не" is used to negate verbs, adjectives, and even nouns in certain contexts. It is similar to the English word "not." The placement of "не" in a sentence is generally before the verb or adjective.

For instance, in English, we say "I do not eat." In Tajik, this would translate to "Ман намехӯрам," where "не" signifies the negation of the verb "хӯрам" (to eat).

Basic Structure of Negative Sentences[edit | edit source]

Here’s how to structure a negative sentence in Tajik:

1. Identify the verb or adjective you want to negate.

2. Place "не" before the verb or adjective.

3. Complete the sentence with any necessary subjects or objects.

Let’s look at some examples to clarify this structure.

Tajik Pronunciation English
Ман намехӯрам Man namekhuram I do not eat
Ӯ наменависад Ū namenavisad He does not write
Мо намедонем Mo namedonem We do not know
Шумо наметавонед Shumo nametavoned You (plural) cannot
Вай нест Vay nest She is not
Онҳо намераванд Onho nameravand They do not go

Examples of Negation in Different Contexts[edit | edit source]

To give you a clearer understanding, we will explore various contexts in which negation is used. Here are 20 examples categorized by different scenarios:

Negating Verbs[edit | edit source]

Tajik Pronunciation English
Ман намешавам Man nameshavam I am not becoming
Ту намехонӣ Tu namekhoni You do not read
Вай намепарвад Vay nameparvad He does not fly
Мо намепартоем Mo namepartoem We do not throw
Шумо намесанҷед Shumo namesanjed You (plural) do not check
Онҳо намекунанд Onho namekunand They do not do

Negating Adjectives[edit | edit source]

Tajik Pronunciation English
Дастури ман нағз нест Dasturi man nagz nest My instruction is not good
Ин китоб нағз нест In kitab nagz nest This book is not good
Ман хурсанд нестам Man khursand nestam I am not happy
Он зан нағз нест On zan nagz nest That woman is not good
Шумо хушбахт нестед Shumo khushbaht nested You (plural) are not lucky
Вай зебо нест Vay zebo nest She is not beautiful

Negating Nouns[edit | edit source]

Tajik Pronunciation English
Ин нағз нест In nagz nest This is not good
Он одам нест On odom nest That is not a person
Ман духтари ман нестам Man dukhtari man nestam I am not my daughter
Шумо фарзанди ман нестед Shumo farzandi man nested You are not my child
Вай донишҷӯи ман нест Vay donishju'i man nest He is not my student
Онҳо ҳамсоя нестанд Onho hamsoya nestand They are not neighbors

Exercises to Practice Negation[edit | edit source]

Now that you have a solid understanding of how to negate sentences in Tajik, it’s time to practice! Here are 10 exercises for you to try. Don’t worry; solutions are provided at the end.

1. Translate the following sentence into Tajik: "I do not play."

2. Create a negative sentence using the verb "to go" (равтан).

3. Negate the following sentence: "Вай доно аст" (He is wise).

4. Write a negative statement about a book in Tajik.

5. Transform the sentence "Мо хурсандем" (We are happy) into a negative sentence.

6. Negate the adjective in the sentence: "Ин хӯрок хуб аст" (This food is good).

7. Translate into Tajik: "You do not understand."

8. Create a negative sentence with the noun "дӯст" (friend).

9. Negate the following verb: "Ман мехонам" (I read).

10. Write a negative sentence about a girl in Tajik.

Solutions to Exercises[edit | edit source]

1. Ман намебозам (Man namebozam) - I do not play.

2. Ман намеравам (Man nameravam) - I do not go.

3. Вай доно нест (Vay dono nest) - He is not wise.

4. Ин китоб нағз нест (In kitab nagz nest) - This book is not good.

5. Мо хурсанд нестем (Mo khursand nestem) - We are not happy.

6. Ин хӯрок хуб нест (In khurok khub nest) - This food is not good.

7. Шумо намефаҳмед (Shumo namefahmed) - You do not understand.

8. Вай дӯст нест (Vay dust nest) - He is not a friend.

9. Ман намехонам (Man namekhonam) - I do not read.

10. Вай духтари ман нест (Vay dukhtari man nest) - She is not my daughter.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You have successfully navigated through the mechanisms of negation in Tajik sentences. Remember that practice makes perfect, so keep using "не" in your conversations to become more comfortable with creating negative constructions. As you progress in your Tajik language journey, mastering negation will greatly enhance your ability to express your thoughts and feelings clearly.

Feel free to revisit this lesson whenever you need to brush up on your negation skills. Keep up the great work, and see you in the next lesson!

Table of Contents - Tajik Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Alphabet and Pronunciation


Greetings and Introductions


Basic Sentence Structure


Numbers and Time


Nouns and Pronouns


Family and Relationships


Adjectives and Adverbs


Food and Dining


Verbs and Tenses


Travel and Transportation


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Shopping and Money


Tajik Customs and Traditions

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]




◀️ Subject-Object-Verb Order — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Numbers 1-20 ▶️

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