Language/Tajik/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be

Tajik Grammar - How to Use "Be"

Hi Tajik learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will discuss how to use the verb "be" in Tajik. Understanding the right usage of this verb is essential to form accurate sentences. We will explain how to use it, and provide you with cultural information and interesting facts about Tajikistan. By the end of this lesson, you will have a good grasp of how to use "be" in Tajik sentences.

Take some time to dive into these other pages after completing this lesson: Questions & Pronouns.

Introduction

The verb "be" is used to link the subject of the sentence with the complement. We can use "be" to indicate a state, location, or a time.

Present Tense

In present tense, we use the verb "be" to indicate a current state or situation. Let's see some examples below:

Tajik	Pronunciation	English
Ман Исмоилам	"Man Ismoilam"	I am Ismail (literal translation)
Ту Хуршед ҳасти	"Tu Khurshed hasti"	You are Khurshed
У Ӯсмон васеъ мегӯяд	"U Usmon vase' megu'yad"	He / She is tall.

Let's see how we can use "be" in a dialogue:

• Person 1: Салом! Ман Хусниём. Туҳфа чӣ хеле? ("Salom! Man Husniyom. Tuha cha xele?" - Hi! My name is Husniya. How are you feeling?)
• Person 2: Ман зиндагӣ-омр хеле хуб аст. Шумо чӣ хеле? ("Man zindagi-omr xele hub ast. Shumo cha xele?" - I am doing great. How about you?)

In the above dialogue, we see that the verb "be" is used to indicate the current state of the person.

Past Tense

In the past tense, we use the verb "bovad" to indicate events that happened in the past. This is also translated as "was" or "were" in English. Let's look at some examples below:

Tajik	Pronunciation	English
Ман нигорӣ башед	"Man nigorӣ bashed"	I was sleeping
У дар Будапешт шод	"U dar Budapeshet shud"	He / She was in Budapest.

Let's see how we can use past tense in a dialogue:

• Person 1: Салом! Ман Хусниём. Туҳфа чӣ кардӣ? ("Salom! Man Husniyom. Tuha cha kardī?" - Hi! My name is Husniya. What did you do?)
• Person 2: Ман дар китобхона хонда бовам. Ту чӣ кардӣ? ("Man dar kitobkhona honda bovam. Tu cha kardī?" - I was studying at the library. What about you?)

In the above dialogue, we see that the past tense is used to indicate that something happened in the past.

Future Tense

In the future tense, we use the verb "khoham" to indicate events that will happen in the future. This is also translated as "will be" or "will do" in English. Let's look at some examples below:

Tajik	Pronunciation	English
Ман ба томорро тушидам	"Man ba tomorrow tushidam"	I will go to tomorrow (literal translation: I will be tomorrow)
Ту чанд соат ба ошно рафтанде меҳоҳед?	"Tu chand saat ba oshno raftande mehoҳed?"	What time will you be going for lunch today?

Let's see how we can use future tense in a dialogue:

• Person 1: Дар ним шоі хонагӣ кори шумо иҷора шавад? ("Dar nim shoi honagӣ kori shumo ijora shavad?" - Will you be performing any work-related tasks during the break?)
• Person 2: Бале, ман ба вазифахои шумо нозики аз вақти корро бас меаварам ("Bale, man ba vazifahoi shumo nozikī az vaқti korro bas meavaram." - Yes, I will be finishing your tasks by the end of the day)

In the above dialogue, we can see that the future tense is used to discuss a future event.

Tajik Culture

Tajikistan is a country located in Central Asia. It is a small mountainous country that borders Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, China, and Afghanistan. Tajik is the official language of Tajikistan, and it is written in the Cyrillic script. Tajik culture is rich in music, dance, and food. They are known for their traditional performances with songs, music, and dance. The popular national musical instrument called rubab is another unique cultural feature you will encounter in Tajikistan. Rubab is also known as the ‘Lion of Instruments.’ The instrument is made of wood and goat or sheepskin, and it is played with the help of plectrum. The people of Tajikistan love to prepare various meaty dishes such as kebab, pilaf, and shashlik.

Conclusion

In this lesson, we discussed how to use the verb "be" in Tajik. We learned about its usage in different tenses such as present, past and future. Moreover, we provided some examples for these different tenses.

Furthermore, we learned about Tajikistan's culture and interesting facts, which include the country's music, dance, and cuisine. Hopefully, this lesson was helpful, informative, and enabled you to improve your understanding of Tajik language. To improve your Tajik Grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!

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➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

Upon wrapping up this lesson, take a look at these related pages: Subject Object Verb Order & Negation in Sentences.

Other Lessons

• Personal Pronouns
• Future Tense
• Pronouns
• Conditional Mood
• Plurals
• Nouns
• Questions
• Negation
• Adjectives

Sources

• Tajik grammar - Wikipedia
• Introduction to Tajik Persian 4 – Differences in Grammar - Persian ...
• Tajik language - Wikipedia