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{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Panjabi/Vocabulary/Family-and-Relationships|◀️ Family and Relationships — Previous Lesson]]
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{{Panjabi-Page-Top}}
{{Panjabi-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Panjabi|Panjabi]]  → [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Present Tense</div>
In our journey through the beautiful and vibrant world of the Panjabi language, we now arrive at a crucial milestone: the Present Tense. Understanding how to express actions happening right now is foundational for effective communication. The present tense allows us to share our daily activities, express our thoughts, and engage in conversations about our lives.


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Panjabi|Panjabi]]  → [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs and Tenses → Present Tense</div>
In this lesson, we will dive deep into the structure and usage of the present tense in Panjabi. We will explore how to form simple sentences, identify subjects and verbs, and use everyday vocabulary to make our communication more lively and relatable. By the end of this lesson, you'll be able to construct meaningful sentences that reflect your everyday life, enhancing your ability to connect with Panjabi speakers.


__TOC__
__TOC__


As a Panjabi language teacher with over 20 years of experience, I'm excited to teach you about verbs and tenses in Panjabi. In this lesson, we will be focusing on the present tense. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to form simple sentences in Panjabi using the present tense.  
=== Importance of the Present Tense ===
 
The present tense is essential for several reasons:
 
* It allows you to describe ongoing actions.
 
* It helps in expressing habits and routines.
 
* It forms the basis for more complex sentence structures in the future.
 
=== Structure of the Lesson ===
 
1. '''Overview of Present Tense Formation'''
 
2. '''Examples of Present Tense Usage'''
 
3. '''Common Verbs in Present Tense'''
 
4. '''Simple Sentence Construction'''
 
5. '''Exercises for Practice'''
 
6. '''Solutions and Explanations'''


== What is the Present Tense? ==
== Overview of Present Tense Formation ==
The present tense refers to actions or events that are currently happening or are habitual. In Panjabi, the present tense is used to describe what is happening right now or to describe habitual actions.


For example, "I am eating breakfast" is a sentence in the present tense because it describes what the speaker is currently doing. Similarly, "I eat breakfast every morning" is also a sentence in the present tense because it describes a habitual action.
In Panjabi, the present tense is typically formed using the base form of the verb. The structure of a simple sentence follows the Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) order.  


== How to Form the Present Tense in Panjabi ==
=== Basic Sentence Structure ===
To form the present tense in Panjabi, we first need to understand the concept of the Panjabi verb stem. The verb stem is the root form of the verb before any tense or aspect markers are added. For example, the verb stem of "to eat" is "kha-".


To form the present tense, we add the appropriate present tense markers to the verb stem. The present tense markers in Panjabi are -da, -di, and -de depending on the gender and number of the subject.
A simple present tense sentence in Panjabi consists of:


Let's take a look at some examples:
* '''Subject''': The doer of the action (who is doing something).
 
* '''Object''': The receiver of the action (what is being done).
 
* '''Verb''': The action being performed.
 
For example, in the sentence "I eat an apple" (ਮੈਂ ਸੇਬ ਖਾਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ), "I" is the subject, "apple" is the object, and "eat" is the verb.
 
=== Conjugation of Regular Verbs ===
 
Regular verbs in Panjabi usually follow a predictable pattern. Here’s a basic outline of how to conjugate a regular verb in the present tense:
 
* For masculine singular subjects, use the base form + "ਦਾ" (da).
 
* For feminine singular subjects, use the base form + "ਦੀ" (di).
 
* For plural subjects, use the base form + "ਦੇ" (de).
 
=== Examples of Present Tense Usage ===
 
Let's look at some examples to illustrate how this works:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Panjabi !! Pronunciation !! English
! Panjabi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ਮੈਂ ਖਾਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ।<br>main khaanda haan. || /meɪ̃ kʰãːnd̪ãː hãː/ || I am eating. (masculine singular)
 
| ਮੈਂ ਖਾਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ || maiṁ khāndā hāṁ || I eat (male speaker)
 
|-
|-
| ਮੈਂ ਖਾਂਦੀ ਹਾਂ।<br>main khaandi haan. || /meɪ̃ kʰãːnd̪i hãː/ || I am eating. (feminine singular)
 
| ਮੈਂ ਖਾਂਦੀ ਹਾਂ || maiṁ khāndī hāṁ || I eat (female speaker)
 
|-
|-
| ਮੈਂ ਖਾਂਦੇ ਹਾਂ।<br>main khaande haan. || /meɪ̃ kʰãːnd̪eː hãː/ || I am eating. (plural)
 
| ਉਹ ਖਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ || uh khāndā hai || He eats
 
|-
 
| ਉਹ ਖਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ || uh khāndī hai || She eats
 
|-
 
| ਅਸੀਂ ਖਾਂਦੇ ਹਾਂ || asīṁ khāndē hāṁ || We eat
 
|-
 
| ਤੁਸੀਂ ਖਾਂਦੇ ਹੋ || tusīṁ khāndē ho || You eat (plural/formal)
 
|-
 
| ਉਹ ਖਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ || uh khāndē han || They eat
 
|}
|}


Notice how the present tense marker changes depending on the gender and number of the subject in Panjabi. Keep in mind that this is just a general guideline, and there may be some exceptions to this rule.
=== Common Verbs in Present Tense ===
 
Here are some common verbs you will frequently use in the present tense:
 
* '''ਕਰਨਾ (karna)''' - to do
 
* '''ਜਾਣਾ (jāṇā)''' - to go
 
* '''ਆਉਣਾ (āuṇā)''' - to come
 
* '''ਦੇਖਣਾ (dēkhṇā)''' - to see
 
* '''ਸੁਣਨਾ (suṇnā)''' - to hear
 
Let's see these verbs in action:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Panjabi !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| ਮੈਂ ਕਰਦਾ ਹਾਂ || maiṁ karadā hāṁ || I do (male speaker)
 
|-
 
| ਮੈਂ ਕਰਦੀ ਹਾਂ || maiṁ kardī hāṁ || I do (female speaker)
 
|-
 
| ਉਹ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ || uh jāndā hai || He goes


== Negation in the Present Tense ==
|-
To make a negative sentence in the present tense, we add the word "ਨਹੀਂ" (nahin) after the subject of the sentence.


For example:
| ਉਹ ਆਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ || uh āuṇdī hai || She comes


* "ਮੈਂ ਖਾਂਦਾ ਨਹੀਂ ਹਾਂ।" (main khaanda nahin haan) - I am not eating.
|-


* "ਤੁਸੀਂ ਪੜ੍ਹਦੇ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੋ।" (tusi parhde nahin ho) - You are not studying.
| ਅਸੀਂ ਦੇਖਦੇ ਹਾਂ || asīṁ dēkhadē hāṁ || We see


== Verb Conjugation in the Present Tense ==
|-
In Panjabi, verbs are not conjugated based on the subject pronoun. Instead, the subject is included in the conjugated verb form. This is called subject-verb agreement.


For example:
| ਤੁਸੀਂ ਸੁਣਦੇ ਹੋ || tusīṁ suṇdē ho || You hear (plural/formal)


* "ਮੈਂ ਪੜ੍ਹਦਾ ਹਾਂ।" (main parhda haan) - I am studying. (masculine singular)
|-


* "ਉਹ ਪੜ੍ਹਦੀ ਹੈ।" (uh parhdi hai) - She is studying. (feminine singular)
| ਉਹ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ || uh kardē han || They do


* "ਤੁਸੀਂ ਪੜ੍ਹਦੇ ਹੋ।" (tusi parhde ho) - You are studying. (plural/masculine informal)
|}


* "ਸਾਡੇ ਬਾਰੇ ਪੜ੍ਹਦੇ ਹਨ।" (saade baare parhde han) - They are studying about us. (plural)
== Simple Sentence Construction ==


Note that "ਹਾਂ" (haan) is added at the end of the verb to make the present tense.  
Now that we have a good grasp of the verbs, let’s construct simple sentences.  


== Using the Present Continuous Tense ==
=== Sentence Patterns ===
The present continuous tense is used to talk about actions that are currently happening at the moment. In Panjabi, the present continuous tense is formed by using the verb "ਹੋ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ" (ho rihha hai) or "ਰਹੀ ਹੈ" (rahhi hai) depending on the gender of the subject, followed by the verb stem with the present continuous marker -ਰਹਿਆ- (-rihaa-).


For example:
* '''Subject + Verb + Object'''


* "ਮੈਂ ਪੜ੍ਹ ਰਿਹਾ ਹਾਂ।" (main parh rihha haan) - I am studying. (masculine singular)
* Example: "I see the book."


* "ਉਹ ਪੜ੍ਹ ਰਹੀ ਹੈ।" (uh parh rahhi hai) - She is studying. (feminine singular)
* In Panjabi: "ਮੈਂ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਦੇਖਦਾ ਹਾਂ" (maiṁ kitāb dēkhdā hāṁ).


* "ਤੁਸੀਂ ਪੜ੍ਹ ਰਹੇ ਹੋ।" (tusi parh rahe ho) - You are studying. (plural/masculine informal)
* '''Subject + Verb'''


* "ਸਾਡੇ ਬਾਰੇ ਪੜ੍ਹ ਰਹੇ ਹਨ।" (saade baare parh rahe han) - They are studying about us. (plural)
* Example: "She sings."


== Using the Present Perfect Tense ==
* In Panjabi: "ਉਹ ਗਾਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ" (uh gāuṇdī hai).
The present perfect tense is used to talk about actions that started in the past and continue up to the present moment. In Panjabi, the present perfect tense is formed by using the auxiliary verb "ਹੈ" (hai) or "ਹਨ" (han) along with the past participle of the verb.


For example:
=== Practice with Simple Sentences ===


* "ਮੈਂ ਪੜ੍ਹ ਰਿਹਾ ਹਾਂ।" (main parh rihha haan) - I have been studying.
Here are some more examples of simple sentences in the present tense:


* "ਉਹ ਖਿੜਕੀ ਬੰਦ ਰਖੀ ਹੈ।" (uh khirki band rakhi hai) - She has kept the window closed.
{| class="wikitable"


== Conclusion ==
! Panjabi !! Pronunciation !! English
In this lesson, you have learned about forming the present tense in Panjabi using the appropriate present tense markers, subject-verb agreement, and the use of the present continuous and present perfect tenses. Keep practicing and using the present tense, and you'll be speaking and understanding Panjabi more easily in no time!  
 
|-
 
| ਮੈਂ ਚਾਹ ਪੀਦਾ ਹਾਂ || maiṁ cāh pīdā hāṁ || I drink tea (male speaker)
 
|-
 
| ਉਹ ਕੰਮ ਕਰਦੀ ਹੈ || uh kama kardī hai || She works
 
|-
 
| ਅਸੀਂ ਖੇਡਦੇ ਹਾਂ || asīṁ khēḍadē hāṁ || We play
 
|-
 
| ਉਹ ਗਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ || uh gāuṇdē han || They sing
 
|-
 
| ਤੁਸੀਂ ਪੜ੍ਹਦੇ ਹੋ || tusīṁ paṛhadē ho || You read (plural/formal)
 
|}
 
== Exercises for Practice ==
 
Now that you are familiar with the present tense, it’s time to put your knowledge to the test! Below are some exercises to practice what you've learned.
 
=== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ===
 
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in present tense.
 
1. ਮੈਂ ___________ (ਖਾਣਾ) || I ___________ (to eat)
 
2. ਉਹ ___________ (ਜਾਣਾ) || He ___________ (to go)
 
3. ਅਸੀਂ ___________ (ਦੇਖਣਾ) || We ___________ (to see)
 
4. ਤੁਸੀਂ ___________ (ਕਰਨਾ) || You ___________ (to do)
 
5. ਉਹ ___________ (ਸੁਣਨਾ) || They ___________ (to hear)
 
=== Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences ===
 
Translate the following English sentences into Panjabi.
 
1. I play cricket.
 
2. She drinks water.
 
3. They come to the party.
 
4. We eat food.
 
5. You read a book.
 
=== Exercise 3: Sentence Construction ===
 
Construct sentences using the following prompts.
 
1. I (to do) yoga.
 
2. He (to go) to the market.
 
3. She (to sing) a song.
 
4. We (to drink) milk.
 
5. You (to see) the movie.
 
=== Exercise 4: Identify the Subject and Object ===
 
Read the following sentences and identify the subject and object.
 
1. ਮੈਂ ਸੇਬ ਖਾਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ (I eat an apple).
 
2. ਉਹ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਪੜ੍ਹਦੀ ਹੈ (She reads a book).
 
3. ਅਸੀਂ ਫਿਲਮ ਦੇਖਦੇ ਹਾਂ (We watch a movie).
 
4. ਤੁਸੀਂ ਬਾਲ਼ੀਵੁੱਡ ਗਾਣਾ ਸੁਣਦੇ ਹੋ (You listen to a Bollywood song).
 
5. ਉਹ ਸੱਚਾਈ ਬੋਲਦੇ ਹਨ (They speak the truth).
 
=== Exercise 5: Verb Conjugation ===
 
Conjugate the following verbs for different subjects in the present tense.
 
1. ਕਰਨਾ (to do)
 
2. ਜਾਣਾ (to go)
 
3. ਆਉਣਾ (to come)
 
4. ਦੇਖਣਾ (to see)
 
5. ਸੁਣਨਾ (to hear)
 
== Solutions and Explanations ==
 
Now let’s go through the exercises step by step to see how you did!
 
=== Solutions to Exercise 1 ===
 
1. ਖਾਂਦਾ (male) / ਖਾਂਦੀ (female) - I eat
 
2. ਜਾਂਦਾ - He goes
 
3. ਦੇਖਦੇ - We see
 
4. ਕਰਦੇ - You do
 
5. ਸੁਣਦੇ - They hear
 
=== Solutions to Exercise 2 ===
 
1. ਮੈਂ ਕ੍ਰਿਕਟ ਖੇਡਦਾ ਹਾਂ (male) / ਖੇਡਦੀ ਹਾਂ (female).
 
2. ਉਹ ਪਾਣੀ ਪੀ ਰਹੀ ਹੈ (female) / ਪੀ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ (male).
 
3. ਉਹ ਪਾਰਟੀ 'ਤੇ ਆਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ.
 
4. ਅਸੀਂ ਖਾਣਾ ਖਾਂਦੇ ਹਾਂ.
 
5. ਤੁਸੀਂ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਪੜ੍ਹਦੇ ਹੋ.
 
=== Solutions to Exercise 3 ===
 
1. ਮੈਂ ਯੋਗਾ ਕਰਦਾ ਹਾਂ (male) / ਕਰਦੀ ਹਾਂ (female).
 
2. ਉਹ ਬਾਜਾਰ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ.
 
3. ਉਹ ਗਾਣਾ ਗਾਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ.
 
4. ਅਸੀਂ ਦੁੱਧ ਪੀਂਦੇ ਹਾਂ.
 
5. ਤੁਸੀਂ ਫਿਲਮ ਦੇਖਦੇ ਹੋ.
 
=== Solutions to Exercise 4 ===
 
1. Subject: ਮੈਂ (I), Object: ਸੇਬ (apple).
 
2. Subject: ਉਹ (She), Object: ਕਿਤਾਬ (book).
 
3. Subject: ਅਸੀਂ (We), Object: ਫਿਲਮ (movie).
 
4. Subject: ਤੁਸੀਂ (You), Object: ਬਾਲੀਵੁੱਡ ਗਾਣਾ (Bollywood song).
 
5. Subject: ਉਹ (They), Object: ਸੱਚਾਈ (truth).
 
=== Solutions to Exercise 5 ===
 
1. ਕਰਦਾ (male) / ਕਰਦੀ (female) / ਕਰਦੇ (plural).
 
2. ਜਾਂਦਾ (male) / ਜਾਂਦੀ (female) / ਜਾਂਦੇ (plural).
 
3. ਆਉਂਦਾ (male) / ਆਉਂਦੀ (female) / ਆਉਂਦੇ (plural).
 
4. ਦੇਖਦਾ (male) / ਦੇਖਦੀ (female) / ਦੇਖਦੇ (plural).
 
5. ਸੁਣਦਾ (male) / ਸੁਣਦੀ (female) / ਸੁਣਦੇ (plural).
 
As we wrap up this lesson on the present tense, remember that practice is key! Use these structures in your daily conversations, and soon you’ll find yourself speaking Panjabi with confidence and ease. Keep practicing, and I look forward to seeing you in our next lesson, where we will explore the past tense!


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|title=Panjabi Grammar: Mastering the Present Tense
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use the present tense in Panjabi, including verb conjugation, negation, and using the present continuous and present perfect tenses.
 
|keywords=Panjabi grammar, present tense, learn Panjabi, verb conjugation, Panjabi sentences, language learning, Panjabi lessons
 
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<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
 
==Sources==
* [https://www.loc.gov/item/2021666823/ Panjabi Grammar: A Brief Grammar of Panjabi As Spoken in the ...]






==Related Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
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* [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/Gurmukhi-Matra|Gurmukhi Matra]]
* [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/Gurmukhi-Matra|Gurmukhi Matra]]
* [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]


{{Panjabi-Page-Bottom}}
{{Panjabi-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Panjabi/Vocabulary/Family-and-Relationships|◀️ Family and Relationships — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/Past-Tense|Next Lesson — Past Tense ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 21:59, 1 August 2024

◀️ Family and Relationships — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Past Tense ▶️

Punjabi-language-polyglotclub.png
Panjabi → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Present Tense

In our journey through the beautiful and vibrant world of the Panjabi language, we now arrive at a crucial milestone: the Present Tense. Understanding how to express actions happening right now is foundational for effective communication. The present tense allows us to share our daily activities, express our thoughts, and engage in conversations about our lives.

In this lesson, we will dive deep into the structure and usage of the present tense in Panjabi. We will explore how to form simple sentences, identify subjects and verbs, and use everyday vocabulary to make our communication more lively and relatable. By the end of this lesson, you'll be able to construct meaningful sentences that reflect your everyday life, enhancing your ability to connect with Panjabi speakers.

Importance of the Present Tense[edit | edit source]

The present tense is essential for several reasons:

  • It allows you to describe ongoing actions.
  • It helps in expressing habits and routines.
  • It forms the basis for more complex sentence structures in the future.

Structure of the Lesson[edit | edit source]

1. Overview of Present Tense Formation

2. Examples of Present Tense Usage

3. Common Verbs in Present Tense

4. Simple Sentence Construction

5. Exercises for Practice

6. Solutions and Explanations

Overview of Present Tense Formation[edit | edit source]

In Panjabi, the present tense is typically formed using the base form of the verb. The structure of a simple sentence follows the Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) order.

Basic Sentence Structure[edit | edit source]

A simple present tense sentence in Panjabi consists of:

  • Subject: The doer of the action (who is doing something).
  • Object: The receiver of the action (what is being done).
  • Verb: The action being performed.

For example, in the sentence "I eat an apple" (ਮੈਂ ਸੇਬ ਖਾਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ), "I" is the subject, "apple" is the object, and "eat" is the verb.

Conjugation of Regular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Regular verbs in Panjabi usually follow a predictable pattern. Here’s a basic outline of how to conjugate a regular verb in the present tense:

  • For masculine singular subjects, use the base form + "ਦਾ" (da).
  • For feminine singular subjects, use the base form + "ਦੀ" (di).
  • For plural subjects, use the base form + "ਦੇ" (de).

Examples of Present Tense Usage[edit | edit source]

Let's look at some examples to illustrate how this works:

Panjabi Pronunciation English
ਮੈਂ ਖਾਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ maiṁ khāndā hāṁ I eat (male speaker)
ਮੈਂ ਖਾਂਦੀ ਹਾਂ maiṁ khāndī hāṁ I eat (female speaker)
ਉਹ ਖਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ uh khāndā hai He eats
ਉਹ ਖਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ uh khāndī hai She eats
ਅਸੀਂ ਖਾਂਦੇ ਹਾਂ asīṁ khāndē hāṁ We eat
ਤੁਸੀਂ ਖਾਂਦੇ ਹੋ tusīṁ khāndē ho You eat (plural/formal)
ਉਹ ਖਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ uh khāndē han They eat

Common Verbs in Present Tense[edit | edit source]

Here are some common verbs you will frequently use in the present tense:

  • ਕਰਨਾ (karna) - to do
  • ਜਾਣਾ (jāṇā) - to go
  • ਆਉਣਾ (āuṇā) - to come
  • ਦੇਖਣਾ (dēkhṇā) - to see
  • ਸੁਣਨਾ (suṇnā) - to hear

Let's see these verbs in action:

Panjabi Pronunciation English
ਮੈਂ ਕਰਦਾ ਹਾਂ maiṁ karadā hāṁ I do (male speaker)
ਮੈਂ ਕਰਦੀ ਹਾਂ maiṁ kardī hāṁ I do (female speaker)
ਉਹ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ uh jāndā hai He goes
ਉਹ ਆਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ uh āuṇdī hai She comes
ਅਸੀਂ ਦੇਖਦੇ ਹਾਂ asīṁ dēkhadē hāṁ We see
ਤੁਸੀਂ ਸੁਣਦੇ ਹੋ tusīṁ suṇdē ho You hear (plural/formal)
ਉਹ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ uh kardē han They do

Simple Sentence Construction[edit | edit source]

Now that we have a good grasp of the verbs, let’s construct simple sentences.

Sentence Patterns[edit | edit source]

  • Subject + Verb + Object
  • Example: "I see the book."
  • In Panjabi: "ਮੈਂ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਦੇਖਦਾ ਹਾਂ" (maiṁ kitāb dēkhdā hāṁ).
  • Subject + Verb
  • Example: "She sings."
  • In Panjabi: "ਉਹ ਗਾਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ" (uh gāuṇdī hai).

Practice with Simple Sentences[edit | edit source]

Here are some more examples of simple sentences in the present tense:

Panjabi Pronunciation English
ਮੈਂ ਚਾਹ ਪੀਦਾ ਹਾਂ maiṁ cāh pīdā hāṁ I drink tea (male speaker)
ਉਹ ਕੰਮ ਕਰਦੀ ਹੈ uh kama kardī hai She works
ਅਸੀਂ ਖੇਡਦੇ ਹਾਂ asīṁ khēḍadē hāṁ We play
ਉਹ ਗਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ uh gāuṇdē han They sing
ਤੁਸੀਂ ਪੜ੍ਹਦੇ ਹੋ tusīṁ paṛhadē ho You read (plural/formal)

Exercises for Practice[edit | edit source]

Now that you are familiar with the present tense, it’s time to put your knowledge to the test! Below are some exercises to practice what you've learned.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in present tense.

1. ਮੈਂ ___________ (ਖਾਣਾ) || I ___________ (to eat)

2. ਉਹ ___________ (ਜਾਣਾ) || He ___________ (to go)

3. ਅਸੀਂ ___________ (ਦੇਖਣਾ) || We ___________ (to see)

4. ਤੁਸੀਂ ___________ (ਕਰਨਾ) || You ___________ (to do)

5. ਉਹ ___________ (ਸੁਣਨਾ) || They ___________ (to hear)

Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following English sentences into Panjabi.

1. I play cricket.

2. She drinks water.

3. They come to the party.

4. We eat food.

5. You read a book.

Exercise 3: Sentence Construction[edit | edit source]

Construct sentences using the following prompts.

1. I (to do) yoga.

2. He (to go) to the market.

3. She (to sing) a song.

4. We (to drink) milk.

5. You (to see) the movie.

Exercise 4: Identify the Subject and Object[edit | edit source]

Read the following sentences and identify the subject and object.

1. ਮੈਂ ਸੇਬ ਖਾਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ (I eat an apple).

2. ਉਹ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਪੜ੍ਹਦੀ ਹੈ (She reads a book).

3. ਅਸੀਂ ਫਿਲਮ ਦੇਖਦੇ ਹਾਂ (We watch a movie).

4. ਤੁਸੀਂ ਬਾਲ਼ੀਵੁੱਡ ਗਾਣਾ ਸੁਣਦੇ ਹੋ (You listen to a Bollywood song).

5. ਉਹ ਸੱਚਾਈ ਬੋਲਦੇ ਹਨ (They speak the truth).

Exercise 5: Verb Conjugation[edit | edit source]

Conjugate the following verbs for different subjects in the present tense.

1. ਕਰਨਾ (to do)

2. ਜਾਣਾ (to go)

3. ਆਉਣਾ (to come)

4. ਦੇਖਣਾ (to see)

5. ਸੁਣਨਾ (to hear)

Solutions and Explanations[edit | edit source]

Now let’s go through the exercises step by step to see how you did!

Solutions to Exercise 1[edit | edit source]

1. ਖਾਂਦਾ (male) / ਖਾਂਦੀ (female) - I eat

2. ਜਾਂਦਾ - He goes

3. ਦੇਖਦੇ - We see

4. ਕਰਦੇ - You do

5. ਸੁਣਦੇ - They hear

Solutions to Exercise 2[edit | edit source]

1. ਮੈਂ ਕ੍ਰਿਕਟ ਖੇਡਦਾ ਹਾਂ (male) / ਖੇਡਦੀ ਹਾਂ (female).

2. ਉਹ ਪਾਣੀ ਪੀ ਰਹੀ ਹੈ (female) / ਪੀ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ (male).

3. ਉਹ ਪਾਰਟੀ 'ਤੇ ਆਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ.

4. ਅਸੀਂ ਖਾਣਾ ਖਾਂਦੇ ਹਾਂ.

5. ਤੁਸੀਂ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਪੜ੍ਹਦੇ ਹੋ.

Solutions to Exercise 3[edit | edit source]

1. ਮੈਂ ਯੋਗਾ ਕਰਦਾ ਹਾਂ (male) / ਕਰਦੀ ਹਾਂ (female).

2. ਉਹ ਬਾਜਾਰ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ.

3. ਉਹ ਗਾਣਾ ਗਾਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ.

4. ਅਸੀਂ ਦੁੱਧ ਪੀਂਦੇ ਹਾਂ.

5. ਤੁਸੀਂ ਫਿਲਮ ਦੇਖਦੇ ਹੋ.

Solutions to Exercise 4[edit | edit source]

1. Subject: ਮੈਂ (I), Object: ਸੇਬ (apple).

2. Subject: ਉਹ (She), Object: ਕਿਤਾਬ (book).

3. Subject: ਅਸੀਂ (We), Object: ਫਿਲਮ (movie).

4. Subject: ਤੁਸੀਂ (You), Object: ਬਾਲੀਵੁੱਡ ਗਾਣਾ (Bollywood song).

5. Subject: ਉਹ (They), Object: ਸੱਚਾਈ (truth).

Solutions to Exercise 5[edit | edit source]

1. ਕਰਦਾ (male) / ਕਰਦੀ (female) / ਕਰਦੇ (plural).

2. ਜਾਂਦਾ (male) / ਜਾਂਦੀ (female) / ਜਾਂਦੇ (plural).

3. ਆਉਂਦਾ (male) / ਆਉਂਦੀ (female) / ਆਉਂਦੇ (plural).

4. ਦੇਖਦਾ (male) / ਦੇਖਦੀ (female) / ਦੇਖਦੇ (plural).

5. ਸੁਣਦਾ (male) / ਸੁਣਦੀ (female) / ਸੁਣਦੇ (plural).

As we wrap up this lesson on the present tense, remember that practice is key! Use these structures in your daily conversations, and soon you’ll find yourself speaking Panjabi with confidence and ease. Keep practicing, and I look forward to seeing you in our next lesson, where we will explore the past tense!

Table of Contents - Panjabi Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Panjabi Script


Basic Words and Phrases


Basic Sentence Structure


Everyday Vocabulary


Verbs and Tenses


Travel and Transportation


Questions and Negation


Panjabi Customs and Traditions


Hobbies and Leisure Activities


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Panjabi Literature and Media


Health and Emergencies


Expressing Opinions and Emotions

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Family and Relationships — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Past Tense ▶️

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