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|[[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Basic-adjectives|◀️ Basic adjectives — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Compound-adjectives|Next Lesson — Compound adjectives ▶️]]
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{{Swedish-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Swedish|Swedish]]  → [[Language/Swedish/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Comparison of adjectives</div>
Welcome to the exciting world of Swedish grammar! Today, we’ll delve into an essential aspect of the language: the '''comparison of adjectives'''. Understanding how to compare adjectives is crucial because it enriches your conversations, allowing you to express differences and qualities more vividly. Whether you’re describing your favorite Swedish dish or comparing the weather in Stockholm to that in Gothenburg, mastering this topic will undoubtedly elevate your Swedish skills.
In this lesson, we will explore:
* The forms of comparative and superlative adjectives in Swedish
* How to use them in sentences


<div class="pg_page_title">Swedish Grammar → Swedish Adjectives → Comparison of adjectives</div>
* Practical exercises to reinforce your learning
 
So, let’s jump right in!


__TOC__
__TOC__


As a Swedish language teacher, I find adjectives and their comparison one of the most interesting topics in the Swedish language. Adjectives describe people, animals, and things, and they help us communicate more precisely. In this lesson, we will learn how to compare adjectives in Swedish and form comparative and superlative forms.
=== What Are Adjectives? ===
 
Adjectives are words that describe nouns. In Swedish, as in English, adjectives can indicate qualities, quantities, or states. For example, the word "big" describes the size of something, while "happy" describes a state of emotion.
 
=== Basic Forms of Adjectives ===


== Basic comparison of adjectives ==
In Swedish, adjectives can take different forms based on the noun they are describing. Generally, adjectives have three forms:


In Swedish, we can compare adjectives using the following structure:
* '''Positive''': The basic form (e.g., "stor" - big)


* <b>Comparative:</b> <i>mer + adjective</i> (for example, "mer intressant" - more interesting)
* '''Comparative''': Used to compare two things (e.g., "större" - bigger)
* <b>Superlative:</b> <i>mest + adjective</i> (for example, "mest intressant" - most interesting)


Here are some examples of adjectives in the comparative and superlative forms:
* '''Superlative''': Used to indicate the highest degree among three or more things (e.g., "störst" - biggest)
 
=== The Comparative Form ===
 
To form the comparative in Swedish, you typically add '''-re''' to the positive form of the adjective. However, there are some irregular adjectives where you will have to memorize the forms.
 
==== Regular Adjectives ====
 
The majority of adjectives follow a straightforward pattern. Here are some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Swedish !! Comparative !! Superlative !! English
 
! Swedish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| stor || /stuːr/ || big
 
|-
 
| större || /ˈstœrːɛ/ || bigger
 
|-
 
| liten || /ˈliːtɛn/ || small
 
|-
 
| mindre || /ˈmɪndɛrɛ/ || smaller
 
|-
|-
| lång || längre || längst || long
 
| snabb || /snab/ || fast
 
|-
|-
| stark || starkare || starkast || strong
 
| snabbare || /ˈsnabːarɛ/ || faster
 
|-
|-
| hög || högre || högst || high
 
| gammal || /ˈɡam.al/ || old
 
|-
|-
| tidig || tidigare || tidigast || early
 
| äldre || /ˈɛl.dɛrɛ/ || older
 
|}
|}


Note that adjectives with one syllable usually take the suffix "-are" for the comparative form and "-ast" for the superlative form. Adjectives with two or more syllables use "mer" and "mest" instead. However, there are some exceptions to this rule, so it is important to learn each adjective individually.
==== Irregular Adjectives ====


Here is a list of some common adjectives and their comparative and superlative forms:
Some adjectives have irregular comparative forms that you simply have to memorize. Here are a few examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Swedish !! Comparative !! Superlative !! English
 
! Swedish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| intressant || mer intressant || mest intressant || interesting
 
| god || /ɡuːd/ || good
 
|-
|-
| stor || större || störst || big
 
| bättre || /ˈbɛt.ɛrɛ/ || better
 
|-
|-
| vacker || vackrare || vackrast || beautiful
 
| dålig || /ˈdɔː.lɪɡ/ || bad
 
|-
|-
| hög || högre || högst || high
 
| sämre || /ˈsɛm.rɛ/ || worse
 
|-
|-
| liten || mindre || minst || small
 
| mycket || /ˈmʏkːɛt/ || much
 
|-
|-
| lång || längre || längst || long
 
| mer || /mɛːr/ || more
 
|-
|-
| snabb || snabbare || snabbast || fast/quick
 
| lite || /ˈliː.tɛ/ || little
 
|-
|-
| god || bättre || bäst || good
 
| mindre || /ˈmɪndɛrɛ/ || less
 
|}
 
=== The Superlative Form ===
 
To form the superlative, you typically add '''-st''' to the positive form of the adjective. Similar to the comparative form, there are also irregular adjectives in the superlative category.
 
==== Regular Adjectives ====
 
Here are examples of regular adjectives in their superlative forms:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Swedish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| dålig || sämre || sämst || bad
 
| stor || /stuːr/ || big
 
|-
|-
| varm || varmare || varmast || warm
 
| störst || /ˈstœrːst/ || biggest
 
|-
|-
| kall || kallare || kallast || cold
 
| liten || /ˈliːtɛn/ || small
 
|-
 
| minst || /mɪnst/ || smallest
 
|-
 
| snabb || /snab/ || fast
 
|-
 
| snabbast || /ˈsnabːast/ || fastest
 
|-
 
| gammal || /ˈɡam.al/ || old
 
|-
 
| äldst || /ɛldst/ || oldest
 
|}
|}


When comparing adjectives, it is important to pay attention to the context of the sentence to make sure that the comparative and superlative forms are used correctly.
==== Irregular Adjectives ====


== Irregular comparison of adjectives ==
Just like with comparatives, some adjectives are irregular in their superlative forms. Here are examples:


Like in many other languages, there are some adjectives in Swedish that do not follow the regular comparison pattern. Here are some examples:
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Swedish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| god || /ɡuːd/ || good
 
|-
 
| bäst || /bɛst/ || best


{| class="wikitable"
! Swedish !! Comparative !! Superlative !! English
|-
|-
| bra || bättre || bäst || good
 
| dålig || /ˈdɔː.lɪɡ/ || bad
 
|-
|-
| många || fler || flest || many
 
| sämst || /sɛmst/ || worst
 
|-
|-
| liten || mindre || minst || small
 
| mycket || /ˈmʏkːɛt/ || much
 
|-
|-
| ung || yngre || yngst || young
 
| mest || /mɛst/ || most
 
|-
|-
| gammal || äldre || äldst || old
 
| lite || /ˈliː.tɛ/ || little
 
|-
|-
| liten || mindre || minst || small
 
| minst || /mɪnst/ || least
 
|}
|}


It is important to memorize these irregular forms and learn when to use them.
=== Using Comparatives and Superlatives in Sentences ===
 
Now that we know how to form comparative and superlative adjectives, let’s look at how to use them in sentences.
 
==== Comparative Examples ====
 
1. '''Den här boken är större än den andra.''' (This book is bigger than the other one.)
 
2. '''Jag är snabbare än min bror.''' (I am faster than my brother.)
 
3. '''Detta hus är äldre än det andra.''' (This house is older than the other one.)
 
4. '''Min bil är billigare än din bil.''' (My car is cheaper than your car.)
 
5. '''Katten är mindre än hunden.''' (The cat is smaller than the dog.)
 
==== Superlative Examples ====
 
1. '''Det här är den största boken i biblioteket.''' (This is the biggest book in the library.)
 
2. '''Han är den snabbaste löparen i klassen.''' (He is the fastest runner in the class.)
 
3. '''Detta är den äldsta byggnaden i staden.''' (This is the oldest building in the city.)
 
4. '''Hon är den bästa studenten i sin grupp.''' (She is the best student in her group.)
 
5. '''Detta är den dyraste restaurangen i staden.''' (This is the most expensive restaurant in the city.)
 
=== Practice Exercises ===
 
Now it’s time to put your knowledge to the test! Below are some exercises designed to help you practice the comparison of adjectives.
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ====
 
Complete the sentences with the correct comparative or superlative form of the adjective in parentheses.
 
1. Stockholm är __________ (stor) än Göteborg.
 
2. Min mamma är __________ (gammal) än min pappa.
 
3. Detta är den __________ (dyr) bilen i garaget.
 
4. Han är __________ (snabb) än de andra spelarna.
 
5. Det här huset är __________ (litet) än det andra.
 
==== Exercise 2: Translate to Swedish ====
 
Translate the following sentences into Swedish using the correct forms of the adjectives.
 
1. My sister is younger than me.
 
2. This is the best pizza in town.
 
3. The blue car is faster than the red car.
 
4. She is the oldest in our family.
 
5. This task is easier than the previous one.
 
==== Exercise 3: Match the Adjective Forms ====
 
Match the positive adjective with its comparative and superlative forms.
 
| Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
 
|----------|-------------|-------------|
 
| 1. god  | a. bäst    | i. godare  |
 
| 2. liten | b. minst    | ii. mindre  |
 
| 3. snabb | c. snabbare | iii. snabbast|
 
| 4. gammal| d. äldre    | iv. äldst    |
 
| 5. billig| e. billigare| v. dyrast  |
 
=== Solutions to Exercises ===
 
Now, let’s look at the answers to the exercises so you can see how you did!
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks Solutions ====


== Exercises ==
1. större


To practice comparing adjectives in Swedish, try the following exercises:
2. äldre


# Write five sentences using comparative adjectives.
3. dyraste
# Write five sentences using superlative adjectives.


== Conclusion ==
4. snabbare


In this lesson, we have learned how to compare adjectives in Swedish and form comparative and superlative forms. Remember to pay attention to context and learn irregular forms.  
5. mindre


I hope you enjoyed this lesson! In the next lesson, we will focus on compound adjectives.
==== Exercise 2: Translate to Swedish Solutions ====


1. Min syster är yngre än mig.


<span class='maj'></span>
2. Detta är den bästa pizzan i stan.
==Sources==
 
* [https://ielanguages.com/swedish-comparative.html Swedish Comparative and Superlative - How to compare adjectives ...]
3. Den blå bilen är snabbare än den röda bilen.
* [https://blogs.transparent.com/swedish/happy-happier-happiest-comparing-adjectives-in-swedish/ Happy, Happier, Happiest – Comparing Adjectives in Swedish ...]
 
* [https://www.optilingo.com/blog/swedish/swedish-grammar-rules/ Swedish Grammar 101 | OptiLingo]
4. Hon är den äldsta i vår familj.
* [https://www.lingq.com/en/grammar-resource/swedish/adjectives/ The LingQ Swedish Grammar Guide - Adjectives]
 
5. Denna uppgift är lättare än den förra.
 
==== Exercise 3: Match the Adjective Forms Solutions ====
 
| Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
 
|----------|-------------|-------------|
 
| 1. god  | ii. godare  | a. bäst    |
 
| 2. liten | ii. mindre  | b. minst    |
 
| 3. snabb | i. snabbare | iii. snabbast|
 
| 4. gammal| d. äldre    | iv. äldst    |
 
| 5. billig| e. billigare| v. dyrast  |
 
=== Conclusion ===
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson on the comparison of adjectives in Swedish! You’ve learned how to form and use comparative and superlative adjectives effectively. With practice, you’ll be able to describe and compare things in Swedish with confidence. Keep these rules in mind as you continue your Swedish language journey, and don't hesitate to revisit this lesson whenever you need a refresher.  Happy learning!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Complete 0 to A1 Swedish Course - Learn Swedish Online for Free: Comparison of adjectives
 
|keywords=Swedish grammar, Swedish adjectives, comparison of adjectives, learn Swedish online, free Swedish course
|title=Swedish Grammar: Comparison of Adjectives
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to compare adjectives in Swedish and form comparative and superlative forms. Practice with exercises! This is a lesson from our complete online course for Swedish beginners.
 
|keywords=Swedish adjectives, comparative adjectives, superlative adjectives, learn Swedish, Swedish grammar, Swedish language course
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to compare adjectives in Swedish, forming comparative and superlative forms to enhance your language skills.
 
}}
}}


{{Swedish-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
{{Template:Swedish-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


[[Category:Course]]
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[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Swedish-0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Swedish-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
==Sources==
* [https://ielanguages.com/swedish-comparative.html Swedish Comparative and Superlative - How to compare adjectives ...]
* [https://blogs.transparent.com/swedish/happy-happier-happiest-comparing-adjectives-in-swedish/ Happy, Happier, Happiest – Comparing Adjectives in Swedish ...]
* [https://www.optilingo.com/blog/swedish/swedish-grammar-rules/ Swedish Grammar 101 | OptiLingo]
* [https://www.lingq.com/en/grammar-resource/swedish/adjectives/ The LingQ Swedish Grammar Guide - Adjectives]




==Related Lessons==
 
 
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Location|Location]]
* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Location|Location]]
* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Time-References|Time References]]
* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Time-References|Time References]]
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* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/When-use-Ett-or-En|When use Ett or En]]
* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/When-use-Ett-or-En|When use Ett or En]]
* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Demonstrative-pronouns|Demonstrative pronouns]]
* [[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Demonstrative-pronouns|Demonstrative pronouns]]


{{Swedish-Page-Bottom}}
{{Swedish-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Basic-adjectives|◀️ Basic adjectives — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Swedish/Grammar/Compound-adjectives|Next Lesson — Compound adjectives ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 02:59, 1 August 2024

◀️ Basic adjectives — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Compound adjectives ▶️

Swedish-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Swedish → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Comparison of adjectives

Welcome to the exciting world of Swedish grammar! Today, we’ll delve into an essential aspect of the language: the comparison of adjectives. Understanding how to compare adjectives is crucial because it enriches your conversations, allowing you to express differences and qualities more vividly. Whether you’re describing your favorite Swedish dish or comparing the weather in Stockholm to that in Gothenburg, mastering this topic will undoubtedly elevate your Swedish skills.

In this lesson, we will explore:

  • The forms of comparative and superlative adjectives in Swedish
  • How to use them in sentences
  • Practical exercises to reinforce your learning

So, let’s jump right in!

What Are Adjectives?[edit | edit source]

Adjectives are words that describe nouns. In Swedish, as in English, adjectives can indicate qualities, quantities, or states. For example, the word "big" describes the size of something, while "happy" describes a state of emotion.

Basic Forms of Adjectives[edit | edit source]

In Swedish, adjectives can take different forms based on the noun they are describing. Generally, adjectives have three forms:

  • Positive: The basic form (e.g., "stor" - big)
  • Comparative: Used to compare two things (e.g., "större" - bigger)
  • Superlative: Used to indicate the highest degree among three or more things (e.g., "störst" - biggest)

The Comparative Form[edit | edit source]

To form the comparative in Swedish, you typically add -re to the positive form of the adjective. However, there are some irregular adjectives where you will have to memorize the forms.

Regular Adjectives[edit | edit source]

The majority of adjectives follow a straightforward pattern. Here are some examples:

Swedish Pronunciation English
stor /stuːr/ big
större /ˈstœrːɛ/ bigger
liten /ˈliːtɛn/ small
mindre /ˈmɪndɛrɛ/ smaller
snabb /snab/ fast
snabbare /ˈsnabːarɛ/ faster
gammal /ˈɡam.al/ old
äldre /ˈɛl.dɛrɛ/ older

Irregular Adjectives[edit | edit source]

Some adjectives have irregular comparative forms that you simply have to memorize. Here are a few examples:

Swedish Pronunciation English
god /ɡuːd/ good
bättre /ˈbɛt.ɛrɛ/ better
dålig /ˈdɔː.lɪɡ/ bad
sämre /ˈsɛm.rɛ/ worse
mycket /ˈmʏkːɛt/ much
mer /mɛːr/ more
lite /ˈliː.tɛ/ little
mindre /ˈmɪndɛrɛ/ less

The Superlative Form[edit | edit source]

To form the superlative, you typically add -st to the positive form of the adjective. Similar to the comparative form, there are also irregular adjectives in the superlative category.

Regular Adjectives[edit | edit source]

Here are examples of regular adjectives in their superlative forms:

Swedish Pronunciation English
stor /stuːr/ big
störst /ˈstœrːst/ biggest
liten /ˈliːtɛn/ small
minst /mɪnst/ smallest
snabb /snab/ fast
snabbast /ˈsnabːast/ fastest
gammal /ˈɡam.al/ old
äldst /ɛldst/ oldest

Irregular Adjectives[edit | edit source]

Just like with comparatives, some adjectives are irregular in their superlative forms. Here are examples:

Swedish Pronunciation English
god /ɡuːd/ good
bäst /bɛst/ best
dålig /ˈdɔː.lɪɡ/ bad
sämst /sɛmst/ worst
mycket /ˈmʏkːɛt/ much
mest /mɛst/ most
lite /ˈliː.tɛ/ little
minst /mɪnst/ least

Using Comparatives and Superlatives in Sentences[edit | edit source]

Now that we know how to form comparative and superlative adjectives, let’s look at how to use them in sentences.

Comparative Examples[edit | edit source]

1. Den här boken är större än den andra. (This book is bigger than the other one.)

2. Jag är snabbare än min bror. (I am faster than my brother.)

3. Detta hus är äldre än det andra. (This house is older than the other one.)

4. Min bil är billigare än din bil. (My car is cheaper than your car.)

5. Katten är mindre än hunden. (The cat is smaller than the dog.)

Superlative Examples[edit | edit source]

1. Det här är den största boken i biblioteket. (This is the biggest book in the library.)

2. Han är den snabbaste löparen i klassen. (He is the fastest runner in the class.)

3. Detta är den äldsta byggnaden i staden. (This is the oldest building in the city.)

4. Hon är den bästa studenten i sin grupp. (She is the best student in her group.)

5. Detta är den dyraste restaurangen i staden. (This is the most expensive restaurant in the city.)

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now it’s time to put your knowledge to the test! Below are some exercises designed to help you practice the comparison of adjectives.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences with the correct comparative or superlative form of the adjective in parentheses.

1. Stockholm är __________ (stor) än Göteborg.

2. Min mamma är __________ (gammal) än min pappa.

3. Detta är den __________ (dyr) bilen i garaget.

4. Han är __________ (snabb) än de andra spelarna.

5. Det här huset är __________ (litet) än det andra.

Exercise 2: Translate to Swedish[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Swedish using the correct forms of the adjectives.

1. My sister is younger than me.

2. This is the best pizza in town.

3. The blue car is faster than the red car.

4. She is the oldest in our family.

5. This task is easier than the previous one.

Exercise 3: Match the Adjective Forms[edit | edit source]

Match the positive adjective with its comparative and superlative forms.

| Positive | Comparative | Superlative |

|----------|-------------|-------------|

| 1. god | a. bäst | i. godare |

| 2. liten | b. minst | ii. mindre |

| 3. snabb | c. snabbare | iii. snabbast|

| 4. gammal| d. äldre | iv. äldst |

| 5. billig| e. billigare| v. dyrast |

Solutions to Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now, let’s look at the answers to the exercises so you can see how you did!

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks Solutions[edit | edit source]

1. större

2. äldre

3. dyraste

4. snabbare

5. mindre

Exercise 2: Translate to Swedish Solutions[edit | edit source]

1. Min syster är yngre än mig.

2. Detta är den bästa pizzan i stan.

3. Den blå bilen är snabbare än den röda bilen.

4. Hon är den äldsta i vår familj.

5. Denna uppgift är lättare än den förra.

Exercise 3: Match the Adjective Forms Solutions[edit | edit source]

| Positive | Comparative | Superlative |

|----------|-------------|-------------|

| 1. god | ii. godare | a. bäst |

| 2. liten | ii. mindre | b. minst |

| 3. snabb | i. snabbare | iii. snabbast|

| 4. gammal| d. äldre | iv. äldst |

| 5. billig| e. billigare| v. dyrast |

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations on completing this lesson on the comparison of adjectives in Swedish! You’ve learned how to form and use comparative and superlative adjectives effectively. With practice, you’ll be able to describe and compare things in Swedish with confidence. Keep these rules in mind as you continue your Swedish language journey, and don't hesitate to revisit this lesson whenever you need a refresher. Happy learning!

Table of Contents - Swedish Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Swedish


Swedish Pronouns


Colors and Numbers


Swedish Culture


Swedish Verbs


Body parts and health


Swedish Nouns


Travel and directions


Sweden's history


Swedish Adjectives


Jobs and professions

Sources[edit | edit source]



Other Lessons[edit | edit source]


Template:Swedish-Page-Bottom

◀️ Basic adjectives — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Compound adjectives ▶️

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