Difference between revisions of "Language/Japanese/Culture/Basic-Political-Vocabulary"

From Polyglot Club WIKI
Jump to navigation Jump to search
m (Quick edit)
 
m (Quick edit)
 
(5 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Art-and-Literature-Terminology|◀️ Art and Literature Terminology — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Japanese/Culture/Social-Issues-and-Controversies|Next Lesson — Social Issues and Controversies ▶️]]
|}
</span>


{{Japanese-Page-Top}}
{{Japanese-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Japanese|Japanese]]  → [[Language/Japanese/Culture|Culture]] → [[Language/Japanese/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Basic Political Vocabulary</div>
In this lesson, we will explore the fascinating world of political vocabulary in Japanese. Understanding political terminology is crucial, not only for grasping the language but also for engaging with the culture and societal structures of Japan. Politics shapes many aspects of life, and being able to discuss it in Japanese opens doors to deeper conversations and insights into the country.


<div class="pg_page_title">Japanese Culture → Politics and Society → Basic Political Vocabulary</div>
We’ll break down essential vocabulary, phrases, and concepts that are fundamental to understanding Japan's political landscape. This lesson will provide you with a solid foundation to navigate discussions about government, political parties, and civic responsibilities.
 
To guide our exploration, we will structure the lesson as follows:
 
* Introduction to Basic Political Vocabulary
 
* Key Political Concepts and Institutions
 
* Important Political Terms and Expressions
 
* Exercises to Practice Your Knowledge
 
Let’s dive in!


__TOC__
__TOC__


As a Japanese language teacher with over 20 years of experience, I will be guiding you in this lesson to learn about the basic political vocabulary in Japan. Understanding the political concepts and institutions is crucial for governmental and diplomatic contexts. This lesson corresponds to the A1 level of the "Complete 0 to A1 Japanese Course."
=== Introduction to Basic Political Vocabulary ===


== Political Vocabulary ==
Understanding the political vocabulary is key to discussing and engaging with Japanese society. Much like in English, political terms in Japanese help us articulate our thoughts, make sense of governmental structures, and engage in civic discussions.


Here are some of the basic Japanese political vocabulary words:
In this lesson, we will cover:
 
* Basic political terms
 
* Key institutions and their functions
 
* Important expressions used in political discussions
 
=== Key Political Concepts and Institutions ===
 
Let’s start by exploring some of the basic political concepts and institutions in Japan. Here are some essential terms to familiarize yourself with:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| 政府 (せいふ) || seifu || Government
|-
| 国会 (こっかい) || kokkai || National Diet (Parliament)
|-
| 立法 (りっぽう) || rippou || Legislation
|-
| 行政 (ぎょうせい) || gyousei || Administration
|-
| 司法 (しほう) || shihou || Judiciary
|-
| 大臣 (だいじん) || daijin || Minister
|-
| 政党 (せいとう) || seitou || Political Party
|-
| 選挙 (せんきょ) || senkyo || Election
|-
|-
| 政治 || ''seiji'' || Politics
 
| 投票 (とうひょう) || touhyou || Vote
 
|-
|-
| 国会 || ''kokkai'' || National Diet
 
| 有権者 (ゆうけんしゃ) || yuukensha || Voter
 
|-
|-
| 選挙 || ''senkyo'' || Election
 
| 政策 (せいさく) || seisaku || Policy
 
|-
|-
| 国民 || ''kokumin'' || National citizen
 
| 法律 (ほうりつ) || houritsu || Law
 
|-
|-
| 政府 || ''seifu'' || Government
 
| 憲法 (けんぽう) || kenpou || Constitution
 
|-
|-
| 自民党 || ''jimintou'' || Liberal Democratic Party
 
| 地方自治 (ちほうじち) || chihou jichi || Local Autonomy
 
|-
|-
| 立憲民主党 || ''rikken minshutou'' || Constitutional Democratic Party
 
| 市長 (しちょう) || shichou || Mayor
 
|-
|-
| 公明党 || ''koumeitou'' || Komeito (Clean Government Party)
 
| 議会 (ぎかい) || gikai || Council
 
|-
|-
| 日本共産党 || ''nihon kyouminto'' || Japanese Communist Party
 
| 公務員 (こうむいん) || koumuin || Public Servant
 
|-
|-
| 首相 || ''shushou'' || Prime Minister
 
| 政治 (せいじ) || seiji || Politics
 
|-
|-
| 大臣 || ''daijin'' || Minister
 
| 政権 (せいけん) || seiken || Administration/Regime
 
|-
|-
| 内閣 || ''naikaku'' || Cabinet
 
| 選挙権 (せんきょけん) || senkyoken || Right to Vote
 
|-
|-
| 外交 || ''gaikou'' || Diplomacy
 
| 民主主義 (みんしゅしゅぎ) || minshu shugi || Democracy
 
|}
|}


== Political Concepts ==
These terms are foundational and will help you understand the workings of the political system in Japan.
 
=== Important Political Terms and Expressions ===
 
Next, let’s look at some expressions that are commonly used in political contexts. These phrases will not only help you in discussions but also in understanding news articles and conversations related to politics.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Japanese !! Pronunciation !! English


Japanese political concepts are based on democracy and the constitutional monarchy. Here are some of the important concepts:
|-
 
| 政治家になる (せいじかになる) || seijika ni naru || To become a politician
 
|-


* 国民主権 (''kokumin shuken''): Sovereignty belongs to the people, and they have the power to elect government officials and determine the direction of the country.
| 政治に参加する (せいじにさんかする) || seiji ni sanka suru || To participate in politics
* 三権分立 (''san-ken-bunri''): Separation of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government.
* 憲法 (''kenpou''): The constitution, which defines the fundamental principles and values of the Japanese political system.
* 自由民主主義 (''jiyuu minshu shugi''): Liberal democracy, which emphasizes freedom, human rights, and rule of law.
* 平和主義 (''heiwa shugi''): Pacifism, which is reflected in Japan's constitution and foreign policy.
* 皇室 (''koushitsu''): The imperial family, headed by the Emperor, who serves as a symbol of national unity and continuity.


== Governmental Institutions ==
|-


The Japanese government has a parliamentary system, which means that the executive branch, led by the Prime Minister, is accountable to the legislature. Here are some of the important institutions:
| 選挙に立候補する (せんきょにりっこうほする) || senkyo ni rikkouho suru || To run for election


* 国会 (''kokkai''): The National Diet, which consists of the House of Representatives (衆議院 ''shuugiin'') and the House of Councillors (参議院 ''sangiin'').
|-
* 内閣 (''naikaku''): The Cabinet, which is appointed by the Prime Minister and approved by the Emperor. It consists of the Prime Minister, Deputy Prime Minister(s), and Ministers of various departments such as Foreign Affairs, Defense, Finance, and Education.
* 最高裁判所 (''saikou saibansho''): The Supreme Court, which is the highest court in Japan and adjudicates on constitutional and legal disputes.
* 総務省 (''soumushou''): The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, which oversees local governments, elections, and media regulation.
* 外務省 (''gaimushou''): The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which is responsible for Japan's diplomatic relations with other countries.
* 警視庁 (''keishichou''): The Metropolitan Police Department, which is the main law enforcement agency in Tokyo.
* 防衛省 (''boueishou''): The Ministry of Defense, which is in charge of Japan's national defense and security.


== Diplomatic Vocabulary ==
| 政策を策定する (せいさくをさくていする) || seisaku wo sakutei suru || To formulate a policy


If you are interested in diplomatic relations between countries, you may want to learn some basic diplomatic vocabulary in Japanese. Here are some of the important words and phrases:
|-


* 外交官 (''gaikoukan''): Diplomat
| 投票する (とうひょうする) || touhyou suru || To vote
* 外交使節 (''gaikou shisetsu''): Diplomatic Mission
* 駐日大使 (''chuu nichi taishi''): Ambassador to Japan
* 外交関係 (''gaikou kankei''): Diplomatic Relations
* 外交協定 (''gaikou kyoutei''): Diplomatic Agreement
* 国際関係 (''kokusai kankei''): International Relations
* 国際条約 (''kokusai jouyaku''): International Treaty
* 外交パスポート (''gaikou passport''): Diplomatic Passport


== Conclusion ==
|-


In conclusion, understanding basic political vocabulary and concepts in Japan is essential for those who want to learn about the country's governance and diplomatic relations. Knowing the institutions and processes of the Japanese government can aid in comprehending the nation's social and economic issues. In our next lesson, we will learn about the current social issues and controversies in Japan.
| 反対する (はんたいする) || hantai suru || To oppose


== Sources ==
|-
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_Japan Politics of Japan]
 
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Japan List of Diplomatic Missions in Japan]
| 賛成する (さんせいする) || sansei suru || To agree
 
|-
 
| 法律を制定する (ほうりつをせいていする) || houritsu wo seitei suru || To enact a law
 
|-
 
| 意見を述べる (いけんをのべる) || iken wo noberu || To express an opinion
 
|-
 
| 情報を提供する (じょうほうをていきょうする) || jouhou wo teikyou suru || To provide information
 
|}
 
These expressions will provide you with the tools necessary to engage in discussions about politics, whether in a casual conversation or in a more formal setting.
 
=== Exercises to Practice Your Knowledge ===
 
Now, let’s put your new vocabulary to the test! Here are some exercises to help reinforce what you’ve learned.
 
==== Exercise 1: Vocabulary Recall ====
 
Match the Japanese term with its English meaning.
 
1. 政府 
 
2. 選挙 
 
3. 政策 
 
4. 公務員 
 
5. 地方自治 
 
''Choices:''
 
* a) Local Autonomy
 
* b) Government
 
* c) Public Servant
 
* d) Election
 
* e) Policy
 
''Answers:''
 
1. b) Government
 
2. d) Election
 
3. e) Policy
 
4. c) Public Servant
 
5. a) Local Autonomy
 
==== Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks ====
 
Complete the sentences using the appropriate political vocabulary.
 
1. The _____ (選挙) will be held next month.
 
2. The _____ (政府) announced a new _____ (政策) to improve education.
 
3. Every citizen has the right to _____ (投票).
 
4. A _____ (大臣) is responsible for managing a specific area of the government.
 
5. It is important to engage in _____ (政治) to influence change.
 
''Answers:''
 
1. 選挙 (election)
 
2. 政府 (government), 政策 (policy)
 
3. 投票 (vote)
 
4. 大臣 (minister)
 
5. 政治 (politics)
 
==== Exercise 3: Sentence Creation ====
 
Using the vocabulary list, create sentences that reflect your understanding of the terms.
 
''Example:''
 
* 私は来月の選挙に投票します。(I will vote in the election next month.)
 
''Answers will vary, but encourage creativity!''
 
==== Exercise 4: Translation Practice ====
 
Translate the following sentences into Japanese.
 
1. I want to become a politician.
 
2. Local autonomy is important for communities.
 
3. The law was enacted to protect citizens' rights.
 
''Answers:''
 
1. 私は政治家になりたいです。
 
2. 地方自治はコミュニティにとって重要です。
 
3. 法律は市民の権利を守るために制定されました。
 
==== Exercise 5: Role-Playing ====
 
Pair up with a partner and role-play a political debate using the vocabulary learned. One person can take the role of a politician while the other can be a voter asking questions.
 
''Encourage the use of vocabulary from the lesson!''
 
=== Conclusion ===
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson on basic political vocabulary in Japanese! You’ve taken a significant step towards not only expanding your vocabulary but also understanding the essential structures of Japanese society. As you continue your journey in learning Japanese, remember that language is a reflection of culture, and engaging in discussions about politics will deepen your connection to Japan.
 
Keep practicing, and soon you’ll be able to navigate conversations about politics with confidence!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Japanese Culture → Politics and Society → Basic Political Vocabulary
 
|keywords=Japanese, culture, politics, society, vocabulary, basic, institutions, governmental, diplomatic, historical, wiki, table, sources, diplomacy, constitution, democracy, separation of powers
|title=Japanese Culture - Basic Political Vocabulary
|description=Learn about the basic political vocabulary in Japanese and the corresponding concepts and institutions in governmental and diplomatic contexts.
 
|keywords=Japanese language, political vocabulary, Japan, government, politics, civic engagement, language learning
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about basic political vocabulary and expressions used in governmental contexts in Japan, perfect for beginners in the Japanese language.
 
}}
}}


{{Japanese-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
{{Template:Japanese-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Course]]
Line 98: Line 313:
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Japanese-0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Japanese-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4912003/ Hikikomori, A Japanese Culture-Bound Syndrome of Social ...]
* [https://culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/japanese-culture/japanese-culture-core-concepts Japanese Culture - Core Concepts — Cultural Atlas]
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Japanese/Culture/Natural-Disasters-and-Risk-Prevention|Natural Disasters and Risk Prevention]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Culture/Why-Learn-Japanese|Why Learn Japanese]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Culture/Traditional-and-Modern-Science-and-Technology|Traditional and Modern Science and Technology]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Culture/Contemporary-Spiritual-Movements|Contemporary Spiritual Movements]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Culture/Shinto-and-Buddhism|Shinto and Buddhism]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Culture/Educational-System-and-Vocabulary|Educational System and Vocabulary]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Culture/Introduction-to-Japanese-Geography|Introduction to Japanese Geography]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Culture/Zen-and-Samurai-Culture|Zen and Samurai Culture]]
* [[Language/Japanese/Culture/Brief-History-of-Japan|Brief History of Japan]]


{{Japanese-Page-Bottom}}
{{Japanese-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Japanese/Vocabulary/Art-and-Literature-Terminology|◀️ Art and Literature Terminology — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Japanese/Culture/Social-Issues-and-Controversies|Next Lesson — Social Issues and Controversies ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 23:30, 31 July 2024

◀️ Art and Literature Terminology — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Social Issues and Controversies ▶️

Japan-flag-Japanese-Lessons-PolyglotClub.png
Japanese → Culture → 0 to A1 Course → Basic Political Vocabulary

In this lesson, we will explore the fascinating world of political vocabulary in Japanese. Understanding political terminology is crucial, not only for grasping the language but also for engaging with the culture and societal structures of Japan. Politics shapes many aspects of life, and being able to discuss it in Japanese opens doors to deeper conversations and insights into the country.

We’ll break down essential vocabulary, phrases, and concepts that are fundamental to understanding Japan's political landscape. This lesson will provide you with a solid foundation to navigate discussions about government, political parties, and civic responsibilities.

To guide our exploration, we will structure the lesson as follows:

  • Introduction to Basic Political Vocabulary
  • Key Political Concepts and Institutions
  • Important Political Terms and Expressions
  • Exercises to Practice Your Knowledge

Let’s dive in!

Introduction to Basic Political Vocabulary[edit | edit source]

Understanding the political vocabulary is key to discussing and engaging with Japanese society. Much like in English, political terms in Japanese help us articulate our thoughts, make sense of governmental structures, and engage in civic discussions.

In this lesson, we will cover:

  • Basic political terms
  • Key institutions and their functions
  • Important expressions used in political discussions

Key Political Concepts and Institutions[edit | edit source]

Let’s start by exploring some of the basic political concepts and institutions in Japan. Here are some essential terms to familiarize yourself with:

Japanese Pronunciation English
政府 (せいふ) seifu Government
国会 (こっかい) kokkai National Diet (Parliament)
立法 (りっぽう) rippou Legislation
行政 (ぎょうせい) gyousei Administration
司法 (しほう) shihou Judiciary
大臣 (だいじん) daijin Minister
政党 (せいとう) seitou Political Party
選挙 (せんきょ) senkyo Election
投票 (とうひょう) touhyou Vote
有権者 (ゆうけんしゃ) yuukensha Voter
政策 (せいさく) seisaku Policy
法律 (ほうりつ) houritsu Law
憲法 (けんぽう) kenpou Constitution
地方自治 (ちほうじち) chihou jichi Local Autonomy
市長 (しちょう) shichou Mayor
議会 (ぎかい) gikai Council
公務員 (こうむいん) koumuin Public Servant
政治 (せいじ) seiji Politics
政権 (せいけん) seiken Administration/Regime
選挙権 (せんきょけん) senkyoken Right to Vote
民主主義 (みんしゅしゅぎ) minshu shugi Democracy

These terms are foundational and will help you understand the workings of the political system in Japan.

Important Political Terms and Expressions[edit | edit source]

Next, let’s look at some expressions that are commonly used in political contexts. These phrases will not only help you in discussions but also in understanding news articles and conversations related to politics.

Japanese Pronunciation English
政治家になる (せいじかになる) seijika ni naru To become a politician
政治に参加する (せいじにさんかする) seiji ni sanka suru To participate in politics
選挙に立候補する (せんきょにりっこうほする) senkyo ni rikkouho suru To run for election
政策を策定する (せいさくをさくていする) seisaku wo sakutei suru To formulate a policy
投票する (とうひょうする) touhyou suru To vote
反対する (はんたいする) hantai suru To oppose
賛成する (さんせいする) sansei suru To agree
法律を制定する (ほうりつをせいていする) houritsu wo seitei suru To enact a law
意見を述べる (いけんをのべる) iken wo noberu To express an opinion
情報を提供する (じょうほうをていきょうする) jouhou wo teikyou suru To provide information

These expressions will provide you with the tools necessary to engage in discussions about politics, whether in a casual conversation or in a more formal setting.

Exercises to Practice Your Knowledge[edit | edit source]

Now, let’s put your new vocabulary to the test! Here are some exercises to help reinforce what you’ve learned.

Exercise 1: Vocabulary Recall[edit | edit source]

Match the Japanese term with its English meaning.

1. 政府

2. 選挙

3. 政策

4. 公務員

5. 地方自治

Choices:

  • a) Local Autonomy
  • b) Government
  • c) Public Servant
  • d) Election
  • e) Policy

Answers:

1. b) Government

2. d) Election

3. e) Policy

4. c) Public Servant

5. a) Local Autonomy

Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences using the appropriate political vocabulary.

1. The _____ (選挙) will be held next month.

2. The _____ (政府) announced a new _____ (政策) to improve education.

3. Every citizen has the right to _____ (投票).

4. A _____ (大臣) is responsible for managing a specific area of the government.

5. It is important to engage in _____ (政治) to influence change.

Answers:

1. 選挙 (election)

2. 政府 (government), 政策 (policy)

3. 投票 (vote)

4. 大臣 (minister)

5. 政治 (politics)

Exercise 3: Sentence Creation[edit | edit source]

Using the vocabulary list, create sentences that reflect your understanding of the terms.

Example:

  • 私は来月の選挙に投票します。(I will vote in the election next month.)

Answers will vary, but encourage creativity!

Exercise 4: Translation Practice[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Japanese.

1. I want to become a politician.

2. Local autonomy is important for communities.

3. The law was enacted to protect citizens' rights.

Answers:

1. 私は政治家になりたいです。

2. 地方自治はコミュニティにとって重要です。

3. 法律は市民の権利を守るために制定されました。

Exercise 5: Role-Playing[edit | edit source]

Pair up with a partner and role-play a political debate using the vocabulary learned. One person can take the role of a politician while the other can be a voter asking questions.

Encourage the use of vocabulary from the lesson!

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations on completing this lesson on basic political vocabulary in Japanese! You’ve taken a significant step towards not only expanding your vocabulary but also understanding the essential structures of Japanese society. As you continue your journey in learning Japanese, remember that language is a reflection of culture, and engaging in discussions about politics will deepen your connection to Japan.

Keep practicing, and soon you’ll be able to navigate conversations about politics with confidence!

Table of Contents - Japanese Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Hiragana Basics


Greetings and Introductions


Geography and History


Adjectives and Adverbs


Family and Social Relations


Religion and Philosophy


Particles and Conjunctions


Travel and Tourism


Education and Science


Prepositions and Interjections


Arts and Media


Politics and Society

Sources[edit | edit source]



Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Art and Literature Terminology — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Social Issues and Controversies ▶️

Retrieved from "https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/index.php?title=Language/Japanese/Culture/Basic-Political-Vocabulary&oldid=295000"