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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Panjabi|Panjabi]]  → [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Conjunctions</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Panjabi|Panjabi]]  → [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Conjunctions</div>


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As we progress in learning Panjabi grammar, we come across many different types of words and phrases that help us to create meaningful sentences. One such type of words is conjunctions. In this lesson, we will learn how to use conjunctions to connect words, phrases, and clauses in Panjabi.
== Introduction ==
 
Welcome to the lesson on conjunctions in the Panjabi language! Conjunctions are important connectors that join words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence. They play a crucial role in expressing relationships and creating cohesive and meaningful sentences. In this lesson, we will explore the various types of conjunctions in Panjabi and learn how to use them effectively. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of conjunctions and be able to apply them in your own Panjabi sentences.
 
== Types of Conjunctions ==
 
In Panjabi, conjunctions can be categorized into different types based on their functions. Let's take a closer look at each type:
 
=== Coordinating Conjunctions ===
 
Coordinating conjunctions are used to join words, phrases, or independent clauses of equal importance. They establish a relationship of coordination and equality between the elements they connect. The most common coordinating conjunctions in Panjabi are:
 
* ਅਤੇ (ate) - and
* ਤੇ (te) - and, but
* ਜਾਂ (jaan) - or
* ਪਰ (par) - but
* ਘੱਟਾਂ ਕਿ (ghattan ki) - either...or
* ਨਾ ਕਿ (na ki) - neither...nor
 
Let's look at some examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Panjabi !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| ਮੈਨੂੰ ਮੁਰਗਿਆਂ ਅਤੇ ਮੱਛੀਆਂ ਪਸੰਦ ਹਨ। || Mainu murgiyan ate macheeyan pasand han. || I like chickens and fish.
|-
| ਮੈਂ ਰੋਜ਼ ਉਠਦਾ ਹਾਂ ਤੇ ਮੇਰੇ ਵਾਲੇ ਰੋਜ਼ ਸੌਂਪ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ। || Main roz utthda haan te mere wale roz saunp ditte jaande han. || I wake up every day and my clothes are handed to me.
|-
| ਤੂੰ ਫਰੀਦ ਜਾਂ ਗੁਰਦਾਸ ਦੇ ਕਵਿਤਾਵਾਂ ਪੜਦਾ ਹੈ? || Tūṁ Fareed jaan Gurdaas de kavitavan parhda hai? || Do you read poems by Fareed or Gurdaas?
|-
| ਮੈਂ ਿਹੱਥਾਂ ਨਹੀਂ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਪਰ ਤੂੰ ਜਾ ਸਕਦੀ ਹੈ। || Main ithaan nahi janda par tūn ja sakdi hai. || I'm not going there, but you can go.
|-
| ਮੈਨੂੰ ਨਾ ਕੋਈ ਪਾਸੇ ਜਾਣ ਦੀ ਖਵਾਹਿਸ਼ ਹੈ ਨਾ ਕਿ ਹੀ ਕੋਈ ਦੂਰ ਜਾਣ ਦੀ। || Mainu na koi paase jaan di khwahish hai na ki hi koi door jaan di. || I don't want to go near or far.
|}
 
=== Subordinating Conjunctions ===
 
Subordinating conjunctions are used to join a dependent clause to an independent clause. They establish a relationship of dependence or subordination between the clauses. Some common subordinating conjunctions in Panjabi include:
 
* ਕਿ (ki) - that, whether
* ਜਦੋਂ (jadoṁ) - when
* ਜਿਵੇਂ (jiveṁ) - as, like
* ਜੇ (je) - if
* ਜੇ ਕਿ (je ki) - although
* ਜਿਉਂ (jiuṁ) - as, so
* ਜਿਉਂ ਕਿ (jiuṁ ki) - since, because
 
Let's see some examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Panjabi !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| ਮੈਂ ਜਾਣਦਾ ਹਾਂ ਕਿ ਤੂੰ ਮੇਰੇ ਨਾਲ ਝੂਲਦੀ ਹੈ। || Main jaanda haan ki tūn mere naal jhuldi hai. || I know that you swing with me.
|-
| ਜਦੋਂ ਮੈਂ ਘਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਉਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ, ਮੇਰੀ ਮਾਂ ਭੰਡਾਰ ਤਿਆਰ ਕਰ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ। || Jadoṁ main ghar vich aunda haan, meri maa bhandar tyaar kar ditti hundi hai. || When I come home, my mother has prepared a feast.
|-
| ਜਿਵੇਂ ਦੇਖੋ ਤਿਵੇਂ ਕਰੋ। || Jiveṁ dekho tiveṁ karo. || Do as you see.
|-
| ਜੇ ਤੂੰ ਚਾਹੇ ਤਾਂ ਮੈਂ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਮਦਦ ਕਰਾਂਗਾ। || Je tūn chāhe tān main tainūn madad karāṅgā. || If you want, I will help you.
|-
| ਜੇ ਕਿ ਉਸਦੇ ਪਾਸੇ ਕਾਰ ਹੈ, ਉਹ ਚਲਾਵੇਗਾ ਨਹੀਂ। || Je ki usde paase kār hai, uh chalāvegā nahi. || Although he has a car, he won't drive.
|-
| ਜਿਉਂ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਚਾਹੋ ਤਿਉਂ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਕਰ ਸਕਦੇ ਹੋ। || Jiuṁ tusī̃ chāho tiuṁ tusī̃ kar sakde ho. || As you wish, you can do it.
|}
 
=== Correlative Conjunctions ===


Correlative conjunctions are used in pairs to join words, phrases, or clauses. They work together to express a specific relationship between the connected elements. Some common correlative conjunctions in Panjabi are:


<span link>Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson: [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] & [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]].</span>
* ਜੇ...ਤਾਂ (je...tāṁ) - if...then
==What are Conjunctions?==
* ਜਿਵੇਂ...ਤਿਆਂ (jiveṁ...tiāṁ) - as...so
* ਨਾ ਕਿ...ਪਰ (na ki...par) - not...but
* ਤਾਂ...ਪਰ (tāṁ...par) - so...but
* ਇਥੇ...ਉਥੇ (ithe...uthe) - here...there
 
Let's look at some examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Panjabi !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| ਜੇ ਤੂੰ ਪੜ੍ਹਨਾ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ, ਤਾਂ ਮੈਂ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਕਿਤਾਬਾਂ ਦਵਾਉਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ। || Je tūn paṛhnā chāhundi hai, tāṁ main tainūn kitābān davāuṁdā haan. || If you want to study, then I will give you books.
|-
| ਜਿਵੇਂ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਬੋਲਦੇ ਹੋ, ਤਿਆਂ ਮੈਂ ਵੀ ਬੋਲਦਾ ਹਾਂ। || Jiveṁ tusī̃ boldē ho, tiāṁ main vī boldā haan. || As you speak, so do I.
|-
| ਨਾ ਕਿ ਮੈਂ ਵੈਕਸੀਨ ਲੈਣਾ, ਪਰ ਮੈਂ ਮਾਸਕ ਪਹਿਨਾਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ। || Na ki main vakseen leṇā, par main māsk pahindā haan. || Not that I'm getting vaccinated, but I wear a mask.
|-
| ਤਾਂ ਮੈਂ ਆਪਣੀ ਮਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਟੈਕਸੀ ਵਾਲੇ ਨੂੰ ਬੇਠਾਉਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ, ਪਰ ਉਥੇ ਨੀ ਹੁੰਦਾ। || Tāṁ main āpṇī mā̃ nū̃ ṭeksee vāle nū̃ beṭhāuṁdā haan, par uthe nī hunda. || So, I drop my mother with the taxi driver, but he isn't there.
|-
| ਇਥੇ ਖੜੇ ਰਹੋ, ਉਥੇ ਜਾਓ। || Ithe khaṛe raho, uthe jao. || Stay here, go there.
|}


Conjunctions are words used to connect two or more words, phrases, or clauses. They are used to show how the different parts of a sentence are related to each other. Conjunctions can be used to make complex sentences by joining two or more simple sentences.
== Cultural Insights ==


For example, consider the following sentences:
Conjunctions play a significant role in Panjabi culture, particularly in the region's rich literary tradition. Panjabi literature, both ancient and contemporary, is replete with the creative and artful use of conjunctions. They are employed to evoke emotions, emphasize ideas, and add rhythm to poetry and prose. Furthermore, conjunctions are also used in Panjabi folk songs, which are an integral part of the region's cultural heritage. These songs often employ correlative conjunctions to express a range of emotions and tell stories of love, longing, and everyday life.
<ul>
<li>He wakes up early.</li>
<li>He goes for a jog.</li>
</ul>


These two sentences can be joined together using a conjunction to form a complex sentence:
In addition to their linguistic significance, conjunctions also reflect the Panjabi people's cultural values and identity. The use of conjunctions in daily conversations and storytelling creates a sense of unity and connectedness among Panjabi speakers. It showcases the emphasis placed on relationships, both within families and the wider community. Conjunctions serve as linguistic bridges that connect individuals, ideas, and experiences, reinforcing the importance of togetherness and harmony in Panjabi culture.


"He wakes up early and goes for a jog."
== Practice Exercise ==


In this sentence, the conjunction "and" is used to join the two simple sentences.  
Now it's time to put your knowledge of conjunctions into practice! Complete the following exercises and apply what you've learned.


==Types of Conjunctions==
1. Join the following pairs of words using the coordinating conjunctions provided:


In Panjabi, there are two types of conjunctions:
a. ਲੜਕਾ (ladka) - boy
b. ਲੜਕੀ (ladki) - girl
c. ਜਾਂ (jaan) - or


<ul>
2. Join the following pairs of clauses using the subordinating conjunctions provided:
<li>Coordinating Conjunctions</li>
<li>Subordinating Conjunctions</li>
</ul>


===Coordinating Conjunctions===
a. ਮੈਂ ਸੋਚਿਆ (Main sochia) - I thought
b. ਤੂੰ ਆਉਣਾ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ (tū̃ āuṇā chāhundi hai) - you want to come
c. ਕਿ (ki) - that


Coordinating conjunctions are used to link two or more words, phrases, or clauses of equal importance. The most common coordinating conjunctions in Panjabi are:
3. Complete the following sentences using the appropriate correlative conjunction:


<ul>
a. ਜੇ (Je) - if
<li>ਅਤੇ (ate) - and</li>
b. ਤੇ (te) - and
<li>ਤੇ (te) - and</li>
c. ਤਾਂ (tāṁ) - so
<li>ਪਰ (par) - but</li>
<li>ਜਾਂ (jan) - or</li>
<li>ਅਕਸਰ (aksar) - often</li>
</ul>


Here are some examples of how to use coordinating conjunctions:
== Solutions ==


<table class="wikitable">
1. Join the following pairs of words using the coordinating conjunctions provided:
<tr>
<th>Panjabi</th>
<th>Pronunciation</th>
<th>English</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ਮੈਂ ਸੋ ਰਿਹਾ ਹਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਮੇਰੇ ਸਖ਼ਤ ਵਿਰਸੇ ਹਨ।</td>
<td>Main so rihā hāṃ ate mere sakhata virase han.</td>
<td>I am sleeping and my muscles are sore.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ਉਹ ਅਜਿਹਾ ਹੈ ਜਿਸਦਾ ਕਿਸੇ ਤੇ ਬਹੁਤ ਭਰੋਸਾ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ। ਪਰ ਮੈਂ ਉਸਨੇ ਇਸ ਕਾਰਨ ਨਹੀਂ ਛੱਡਿਆ।</td>
<td>Uh ajihā hai jisadā kise te bahuta bharosā nahīṃ hai. Par main usanē is kārana nahīṃ chhaḍī'ā.</td>
<td>He is such a person on whom nobody trusts. But I haven't left him because of it. </td>
</tr>
</table>


===Subordinating Conjunctions===
a. ਲੜਕਾ ਜਾਂ ਲੜਕੀ (ladka jaan ladki) - boy or girl


Subordinating conjunctions are used to link two clauses of unequal importance. One clause is the main clause and the other is a subordinate clause. Subordinating conjunctions are used to indicate the relationship between the main and the subordinate clause. The most common subordinating conjunctions in Panjabi are:
2. Join the following pairs of clauses using the subordinating conjunctions provided:


<ul>
a. ਮੈਂ ਸੋਚਿਆ ਕਿ ਤੂੰ ਆਉਣਾ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ (Main sochia ki tū̃ āuṇā chāhundi hai) - I thought that you want to come
<li>ਕਿ (ki) – that/which/who</li>
<li>ਜਦੋਂ (jadoṃ) – when</li>
<li>ਜਿਹਾ (jiha) – which/that</li>
<li>ਜਿਵੇਂ (jivēṃ) – as/like</li>
<li>ਸ਼ਾਇਦ (sha'id) – may be/ perhaps</li>
</ul>


Here are some examples of how to use subordinating conjunctions:
3. Complete the following sentences using the appropriate correlative conjunction:


<table class="wikitable">
a. ਜੇ ਤੂੰ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ, ਤਾਂ ਮੈਂ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਮਦਦ ਕਰਾਂਗਾ (Je tū̃ chāhundi hai, tāṁ main tainūn madad karāṅgā) - If you want, then I will help you.
<tr>
<th>Panjabi</th>
<th>Pronunciation</th>
<th>English</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ਮੈਂ ਜਾਣਦਾ ਹਾਂ ਕਿ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਸੋ ਰਹੇ ਹੋ।</td>
<td>Main jāṇadā hāṃ ki tusī so rahe ho.</td>
<td>I know that you are sleeping.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ਜਦੋਂ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਮੇਰੇ ਘਰ ਆਓਗੇ, ਮੈਂ ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਪਕਾਣ ਲਈ ਹੁਣ ਹੀ ਤਿਆਰ ਕਰ ਦੇਵਾਂਗਾ।</td>
<td>Jadoṃ tusī mere ghara ā'ogē, main tuhānū pakāṇa la'ī huṇ hī ti'āra kar dēvāṅgā.</td>
<td>When you come to my house, I will prepare food for you.</td>
</tr>
</table>


==Conclusion==
b. ਮੈਂ ਤੇਰੇ ਨਾਲ ਖੁਸ਼ ਹਾਂ ਤੇ ਤੂੰ ਤੇਰੇ ਨਾਲ ਖੁਸ਼ ਹੋ (Main tere nāl khush hāṁ te tū̃ tere nāl khush ho) - I am happy with you and you are happy with me.


Conjunctions are an essential part of Panjabi grammar as they allow us to combine words, phrases, and clauses to create meaningful sentences. Coordinating conjunctions link two or more equal clauses, while subordinating conjunctions link two unequal clauses. By using conjunctions effectively, we can make our Panjabi sentences more complex and meaningful.  
c. ਤਾਂ ਮੈਂ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਪਿਜ਼ਜ਼ਾ ਦੇਵਾਂਗਾ ਪਰ ਤੂੰ ਕੋਕੀ ਬਣਾਵੇਗੀ (Tāṁ main tainūn pizā devāṅgā par tū̃ koki banāvegī) - So, I will give you pizza, but you will make cookies.


Remember to practice using conjunctions in your Panjabi conversations and writing. With time and practice, you will be able to use conjunctions with ease and make your sentences more expressive and impressive.
== Conclusion ==


Congratulations! You have successfully completed the lesson on conjunctions in Panjabi. You have learned about different types of conjunctions and how to use them to connect words, phrases, and clauses in your Panjabi sentences. Keep practicing and applying your knowledge in real-life conversations to enhance your language skills. In the next lesson, we will explore another important topic in Panjabi grammar. Happy learning!


<span link>Great work on completing this lesson! Take a moment to investigate these connected pages: [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/Negation|Negation]] & [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]].</span>
{{#seo:
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|title=Panjabi Grammar → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Conjunctions
|keywords=Panjabi, Punjabi grammar, conjunctions in Panjabi
|keywords=Panjabi grammar, Panjabi conjunctions, coordinating conjunctions, subordinating conjunctions, correlative conjunctions, Panjabi culture, Panjabi literature, practice exercise
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use conjunctions in Panjabi to connect words, phrases, and clauses. Learn about coordinating and subordinating conjunctions.
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use conjunctions to connect words, phrases, and clauses in Panjabi. Explore the different types of conjunctions and their functions, and gain insights into the cultural significance of conjunctions in Panjabi language and literature. Complete practice exercises to reinforce your understanding.
}}
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==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Panjabi/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]


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Latest revision as of 22:22, 21 June 2023

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Panjabi → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Conjunctions

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Welcome to the lesson on conjunctions in the Panjabi language! Conjunctions are important connectors that join words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence. They play a crucial role in expressing relationships and creating cohesive and meaningful sentences. In this lesson, we will explore the various types of conjunctions in Panjabi and learn how to use them effectively. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of conjunctions and be able to apply them in your own Panjabi sentences.

Types of Conjunctions[edit | edit source]

In Panjabi, conjunctions can be categorized into different types based on their functions. Let's take a closer look at each type:

Coordinating Conjunctions[edit | edit source]

Coordinating conjunctions are used to join words, phrases, or independent clauses of equal importance. They establish a relationship of coordination and equality between the elements they connect. The most common coordinating conjunctions in Panjabi are:

  • ਅਤੇ (ate) - and
  • ਤੇ (te) - and, but
  • ਜਾਂ (jaan) - or
  • ਪਰ (par) - but
  • ਘੱਟਾਂ ਕਿ (ghattan ki) - either...or
  • ਨਾ ਕਿ (na ki) - neither...nor

Let's look at some examples:

Panjabi Pronunciation English Translation
ਮੈਨੂੰ ਮੁਰਗਿਆਂ ਅਤੇ ਮੱਛੀਆਂ ਪਸੰਦ ਹਨ। Mainu murgiyan ate macheeyan pasand han. I like chickens and fish.
ਮੈਂ ਰੋਜ਼ ਉਠਦਾ ਹਾਂ ਤੇ ਮੇਰੇ ਵਾਲੇ ਰੋਜ਼ ਸੌਂਪ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ। Main roz utthda haan te mere wale roz saunp ditte jaande han. I wake up every day and my clothes are handed to me.
ਤੂੰ ਫਰੀਦ ਜਾਂ ਗੁਰਦਾਸ ਦੇ ਕਵਿਤਾਵਾਂ ਪੜਦਾ ਹੈ? Tūṁ Fareed jaan Gurdaas de kavitavan parhda hai? Do you read poems by Fareed or Gurdaas?
ਮੈਂ ਿਹੱਥਾਂ ਨਹੀਂ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਪਰ ਤੂੰ ਜਾ ਸਕਦੀ ਹੈ। Main ithaan nahi janda par tūn ja sakdi hai. I'm not going there, but you can go.
ਮੈਨੂੰ ਨਾ ਕੋਈ ਪਾਸੇ ਜਾਣ ਦੀ ਖਵਾਹਿਸ਼ ਹੈ ਨਾ ਕਿ ਹੀ ਕੋਈ ਦੂਰ ਜਾਣ ਦੀ। Mainu na koi paase jaan di khwahish hai na ki hi koi door jaan di. I don't want to go near or far.

Subordinating Conjunctions[edit | edit source]

Subordinating conjunctions are used to join a dependent clause to an independent clause. They establish a relationship of dependence or subordination between the clauses. Some common subordinating conjunctions in Panjabi include:

  • ਕਿ (ki) - that, whether
  • ਜਦੋਂ (jadoṁ) - when
  • ਜਿਵੇਂ (jiveṁ) - as, like
  • ਜੇ (je) - if
  • ਜੇ ਕਿ (je ki) - although
  • ਜਿਉਂ (jiuṁ) - as, so
  • ਜਿਉਂ ਕਿ (jiuṁ ki) - since, because

Let's see some examples:

Panjabi Pronunciation English Translation
ਮੈਂ ਜਾਣਦਾ ਹਾਂ ਕਿ ਤੂੰ ਮੇਰੇ ਨਾਲ ਝੂਲਦੀ ਹੈ। Main jaanda haan ki tūn mere naal jhuldi hai. I know that you swing with me.
ਜਦੋਂ ਮੈਂ ਘਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਉਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ, ਮੇਰੀ ਮਾਂ ਭੰਡਾਰ ਤਿਆਰ ਕਰ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ। Jadoṁ main ghar vich aunda haan, meri maa bhandar tyaar kar ditti hundi hai. When I come home, my mother has prepared a feast.
ਜਿਵੇਂ ਦੇਖੋ ਤਿਵੇਂ ਕਰੋ। Jiveṁ dekho tiveṁ karo. Do as you see.
ਜੇ ਤੂੰ ਚਾਹੇ ਤਾਂ ਮੈਂ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਮਦਦ ਕਰਾਂਗਾ। Je tūn chāhe tān main tainūn madad karāṅgā. If you want, I will help you.
ਜੇ ਕਿ ਉਸਦੇ ਪਾਸੇ ਕਾਰ ਹੈ, ਉਹ ਚਲਾਵੇਗਾ ਨਹੀਂ। Je ki usde paase kār hai, uh chalāvegā nahi. Although he has a car, he won't drive.
ਜਿਉਂ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਚਾਹੋ ਤਿਉਂ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਕਰ ਸਕਦੇ ਹੋ। Jiuṁ tusī̃ chāho tiuṁ tusī̃ kar sakde ho. As you wish, you can do it.

Correlative Conjunctions[edit | edit source]

Correlative conjunctions are used in pairs to join words, phrases, or clauses. They work together to express a specific relationship between the connected elements. Some common correlative conjunctions in Panjabi are:

  • ਜੇ...ਤਾਂ (je...tāṁ) - if...then
  • ਜਿਵੇਂ...ਤਿਆਂ (jiveṁ...tiāṁ) - as...so
  • ਨਾ ਕਿ...ਪਰ (na ki...par) - not...but
  • ਤਾਂ...ਪਰ (tāṁ...par) - so...but
  • ਇਥੇ...ਉਥੇ (ithe...uthe) - here...there

Let's look at some examples:

Panjabi Pronunciation English Translation
ਜੇ ਤੂੰ ਪੜ੍ਹਨਾ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ, ਤਾਂ ਮੈਂ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਕਿਤਾਬਾਂ ਦਵਾਉਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ। Je tūn paṛhnā chāhundi hai, tāṁ main tainūn kitābān davāuṁdā haan. If you want to study, then I will give you books.
ਜਿਵੇਂ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਬੋਲਦੇ ਹੋ, ਤਿਆਂ ਮੈਂ ਵੀ ਬੋਲਦਾ ਹਾਂ। Jiveṁ tusī̃ boldē ho, tiāṁ main vī boldā haan. As you speak, so do I.
ਨਾ ਕਿ ਮੈਂ ਵੈਕਸੀਨ ਲੈਣਾ, ਪਰ ਮੈਂ ਮਾਸਕ ਪਹਿਨਾਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ। Na ki main vakseen leṇā, par main māsk pahindā haan. Not that I'm getting vaccinated, but I wear a mask.
ਤਾਂ ਮੈਂ ਆਪਣੀ ਮਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਟੈਕਸੀ ਵਾਲੇ ਨੂੰ ਬੇਠਾਉਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ, ਪਰ ਉਥੇ ਨੀ ਹੁੰਦਾ। Tāṁ main āpṇī mā̃ nū̃ ṭeksee vāle nū̃ beṭhāuṁdā haan, par uthe nī hunda. So, I drop my mother with the taxi driver, but he isn't there.
ਇਥੇ ਖੜੇ ਰਹੋ, ਉਥੇ ਜਾਓ। Ithe khaṛe raho, uthe jao. Stay here, go there.

Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]

Conjunctions play a significant role in Panjabi culture, particularly in the region's rich literary tradition. Panjabi literature, both ancient and contemporary, is replete with the creative and artful use of conjunctions. They are employed to evoke emotions, emphasize ideas, and add rhythm to poetry and prose. Furthermore, conjunctions are also used in Panjabi folk songs, which are an integral part of the region's cultural heritage. These songs often employ correlative conjunctions to express a range of emotions and tell stories of love, longing, and everyday life.

In addition to their linguistic significance, conjunctions also reflect the Panjabi people's cultural values and identity. The use of conjunctions in daily conversations and storytelling creates a sense of unity and connectedness among Panjabi speakers. It showcases the emphasis placed on relationships, both within families and the wider community. Conjunctions serve as linguistic bridges that connect individuals, ideas, and experiences, reinforcing the importance of togetherness and harmony in Panjabi culture.

Practice Exercise[edit | edit source]

Now it's time to put your knowledge of conjunctions into practice! Complete the following exercises and apply what you've learned.

1. Join the following pairs of words using the coordinating conjunctions provided:

a. ਲੜਕਾ (ladka) - boy b. ਲੜਕੀ (ladki) - girl c. ਜਾਂ (jaan) - or

2. Join the following pairs of clauses using the subordinating conjunctions provided:

a. ਮੈਂ ਸੋਚਿਆ (Main sochia) - I thought b. ਤੂੰ ਆਉਣਾ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ (tū̃ āuṇā chāhundi hai) - you want to come c. ਕਿ (ki) - that

3. Complete the following sentences using the appropriate correlative conjunction:

a. ਜੇ (Je) - if b. ਤੇ (te) - and c. ਤਾਂ (tāṁ) - so

Solutions[edit | edit source]

1. Join the following pairs of words using the coordinating conjunctions provided:

a. ਲੜਕਾ ਜਾਂ ਲੜਕੀ (ladka jaan ladki) - boy or girl

2. Join the following pairs of clauses using the subordinating conjunctions provided:

a. ਮੈਂ ਸੋਚਿਆ ਕਿ ਤੂੰ ਆਉਣਾ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ (Main sochia ki tū̃ āuṇā chāhundi hai) - I thought that you want to come

3. Complete the following sentences using the appropriate correlative conjunction:

a. ਜੇ ਤੂੰ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ, ਤਾਂ ਮੈਂ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਮਦਦ ਕਰਾਂਗਾ (Je tū̃ chāhundi hai, tāṁ main tainūn madad karāṅgā) - If you want, then I will help you.

b. ਮੈਂ ਤੇਰੇ ਨਾਲ ਖੁਸ਼ ਹਾਂ ਤੇ ਤੂੰ ਤੇਰੇ ਨਾਲ ਖੁਸ਼ ਹੋ (Main tere nāl khush hāṁ te tū̃ tere nāl khush ho) - I am happy with you and you are happy with me.

c. ਤਾਂ ਮੈਂ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਪਿਜ਼ਜ਼ਾ ਦੇਵਾਂਗਾ ਪਰ ਤੂੰ ਕੋਕੀ ਬਣਾਵੇਗੀ (Tāṁ main tainūn pizā devāṅgā par tū̃ koki banāvegī) - So, I will give you pizza, but you will make cookies.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You have successfully completed the lesson on conjunctions in Panjabi. You have learned about different types of conjunctions and how to use them to connect words, phrases, and clauses in your Panjabi sentences. Keep practicing and applying your knowledge in real-life conversations to enhance your language skills. In the next lesson, we will explore another important topic in Panjabi grammar. Happy learning!

Table of Contents - Panjabi Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Panjabi Script


Basic Words and Phrases


Basic Sentence Structure


Everyday Vocabulary


Verbs and Tenses


Travel and Transportation


Questions and Negation


Panjabi Customs and Traditions


Hobbies and Leisure Activities


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Panjabi Literature and Media


Health and Emergencies


Expressing Opinions and Emotions



Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Prepositions — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Folklore and Legends ▶️

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