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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/German|German]] → [[Language/German/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/German/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions → Using Prepositions</div> | |||
<div class="pg_page_title">German Grammar → Prepositions → Using Prepositions</div> | |||
__TOC__ | __TOC__ | ||
== Introduction == | |||
In this lesson, we will explore the usage of prepositions in German. Prepositions are an integral part of the German language, and they play a crucial role in connecting words, phrases, and clauses. By understanding how prepositions work, you will be able to express relationships between different elements in a sentence more accurately. In this lesson, we will focus on using prepositions with common verbs and expressions. Let's dive in! | |||
== Basic Overview of Prepositions == | |||
== | |||
Prepositions are words that | Before we explore the usage of prepositions with verbs and expressions, let's have a basic overview of prepositions in German. Prepositions are words that establish a relationship between different elements in a sentence. They indicate location, direction, time, manner, and other relationships. In German, prepositions are usually followed by a noun or pronoun in a specific case (accusative, dative, or genitive). The case determines the form of the noun or pronoun that follows the preposition. | ||
Here are some common prepositions in German: | Here are some common prepositions in German: | ||
* <b>in</b> (in) | |||
* <b>auf</b> (on, onto) | |||
* <b>unter</b> (under) | |||
* <b>vor</b> (in front of) | |||
* <b>hinter</b> (behind) | |||
* <b>neben</b> (next to) | |||
* <b>über</b> (over) | |||
* <b>bei</b> (at, near) | |||
* <b>mit</b> (with) | |||
* <b>ohne</b> (without) | |||
These are just a few examples, and there are many more prepositions in German. Each preposition requires a specific case, and it's important to learn the correct case for each preposition. | |||
== Using Prepositions with Verbs == | |||
Prepositions are frequently used with verbs to express various meanings and relationships. Let's take a look at some common verbs and the prepositions that are commonly used with them. | |||
=== Verbs with Accusative Prepositions === | |||
Accusative prepositions are used when the verb indicates a motion or direction towards a specific place or object. | |||
==== Example 1: "gehen" (to go) ==== | |||
* <b>in</b> (into, to) | |||
* <b>an</b> (to, at) | |||
* <b>auf</b> (onto) | |||
Here are some examples: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
! German !! Pronunciation !! English | ! German !! Pronunciation !! English | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Ich | | Ich gehe <b>in</b> die Schule. || [ɪç ˈɡeːə ɪn diː ˈʃuːlə] || I go <b>to</b> school. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Er geht <b>an</b> den See. || [eːɐ̯ ɡeːt ʔan deːn zeː] || He goes <b>to</b> the lake. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Wir gehen <b>auf</b> den Berg. || [vɪʁ ˈɡeːən aʊ̯f deːn bɛʁk] || We go <b>onto</b> the mountain. | ||
| | |} | ||
==== Example 2: "setzen" (to put, to set) ==== | |||
* <b>auf</b> (on) | |||
* <b>an</b> (against) | |||
* <b>unter</b> (under) | |||
Here are some examples: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! German !! Pronunciation !! English | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Sie setzt das Buch <b>auf</b> den Tisch. || [ziː ˈzɛts das buːχ aʊ̯f deːn tɪʃ] || She puts the book <b>on</b> the table. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Er setzt sich <b>an</b> den Schreibtisch. || [eːɐ̯ ˈzɛts zɪç ʔan deːn ˈʃʁaɪ̯ptɪʃ] || He sits <b>at</b> the desk. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Die Katze setzt sich <b>unter</b> das Bett. || [diː ˈkat͡sə zɛts zɪç ˈʔʊntɐ das bɛt] || The cat goes <b>under</b> the bed. | ||
|} | |} | ||
== Prepositions | === Verbs with Dative Prepositions === | ||
Dative prepositions are used when the verb indicates a stationary position or location. | |||
==== Example 1: "wohnen" (to live) ==== | |||
* | * <b>in</b> (in) | ||
* | * <b>bei</b> (at, near) | ||
* <b>an</b> (on) | |||
* | |||
Here are some examples | Here are some examples: | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
! German !! Pronunciation !! English | ! German !! Pronunciation !! English | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Ich wohne <b>in</b> einem Haus. || [ɪç ˈvoːnə ɪn ˈaɪ̯nəm haʊ̯s] || I live <b>in</b> a house. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Sie wohnt <b>bei</b> ihren Eltern. || [ziː ˈvoːnt baɪ̯ ˈʔaɪ̯ʁən ˈɛl.tɐn] || She lives <b>near</b> her parents. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Er wohnt <b>an</b> der Hauptstraße. || [eːɐ̯ ˈvoːnt ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈhaʊ̯ptˌʃtʁaːsə] || He lives <b>on</b> the main street. | ||
| | |} | ||
==== Example 2: "helfen" (to help) ==== | |||
| | * <b>bei</b> (at, with) | ||
* <b>mit</b> (with) | |||
* <b>zu</b> (to) | |||
Here are some examples: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! German !! Pronunciation !! English | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Ich helfe ihr <b>bei</b> den Hausaufgaben. || [ɪç ˈhɛlfə iːɐ̯ baɪ̯ deːn ˈhaʊ̯sˌʔaʊ̯fɡaːbən] || I help her <b>with</b> the homework. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Sie hilft mir <b>mit</b> dem Umzug. || [ziː hɪlft mɪʁ mɪt deːm ˈʔʊmt͡suːk] || She helps me <b>with</b> the move. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Er hilft uns <b>zu</b> gewinnen. || [eːɐ̯ hɪlft ʊns t͡su ɡəˈvɪnən] || He helps us <b>to</b> win. | ||
|} | |} | ||
== | === Verbs with Genitive Prepositions === | ||
Genitive prepositions are used when the verb indicates possession or a relationship between two things. | |||
==== Example 1: "gedenken" (to commemorate) ==== | |||
* | * <b>der</b> (of) | ||
* | * <b>wegen</b> (because of) | ||
* | * <b>statt</b> (instead of) | ||
Here are some examples | Here are some examples: | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
! German !! Pronunciation !! English | ! German !! Pronunciation !! English | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Wir gedenken <b>der</b> Opfer. || [vɪʁ ɡəˈdɛŋkən deːɐ̯ ˈʔɔpfɐ] || We commemorate <b>the</b> victims. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Ich kann nicht kommen, <b>wegen</b> der Arbeit. || [ɪç kʰan nɪçt ˈkʰɔmən ˈveːɡən deːɐ̯ ˈʔaʁbaɪ̯t] || I can't come <b>because of</b> work. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Statt Fleisch essen wir Gemüse. || [ʃtat flaɪ̯ʃ ˈɛsən vɪʁ ɡəˈmyːzə] || Instead of meat, we eat vegetables. | ||
|} | |||
==== Example 2: "bedürfen" (to require) ==== | |||
* <b>keines</b> (none) | |||
* <b>vieler</b> (many) | |||
* <b>weniger</b> (less) | |||
Here are some examples: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! German !! Pronunciation !! English | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Das | | Das Projekt bedarf <b>keines</b> weiteren Aufwands. || [das ˈpʁɔjɛkt bəˈdaʁf ˈkaɪ̯nəs ˈvaɪ̯təʁən ˈʔaʊ̯f.vant͡s] || The project doesn't require <b>any</b> further effort. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Sie bedarf <b>vieler</b> Erklärungen. || [ziː bəˈdaʁf ˈfiːlɐ ˌʔɛʁˈklɛːʁʊŋən] || She requires <b>many</b> explanations. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Es bedarf <b>weniger</b> Zeit. || [ɛs bəˈdaʁf ˈveːnɪɡɐ t͡saɪ̯t] || It requires <b>less</b> time. | ||
|} | |} | ||
== Conclusion == | == Conclusion == | ||
Prepositions are | In this lesson, we have explored the usage of prepositions with common verbs and expressions in German. Prepositions are essential for expressing relationships between different elements in a sentence. By understanding how prepositions work and which case they require, you will be able to construct more accurate sentences in German. Make sure to practice using prepositions with verbs and expressions to reinforce your understanding. Keep up the good work, and continue to expand your knowledge of German grammar and vocabulary! | ||
{{#seo: | {{#seo: | ||
|title=German Grammar | |title=German Grammar → Prepositions → Using Prepositions | ||
|keywords=German grammar, prepositions, German | |keywords=German grammar, prepositions, German verbs, German expressions | ||
|description= | |description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use prepositions with common verbs and expressions in German. Prepositions play a crucial role in connecting words, phrases, and clauses, and understanding their usage will help you express relationships more accurately. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]] | [[Category:0-to-A1-Course]] | ||
[[Category:German-0-to-A1-Course]] | [[Category:German-0-to-A1-Course]] | ||
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span> | |||
==Sources== | |||
* [https://www.fluentin3months.com/german-prepositions/ German Prepositions - The Ultimate Guide (with Charts)] | |||
* [https://www.clozemaster.com/blog/german-prepositions/ All You Need to Know about German Prepositions] | |||
* [https://www.fluentu.com/blog/german/german-prepositions/ The Ultimate Guide to Knitting Up German Sentences with ...] | |||
==Other Lessons== | ==Other Lessons== | ||
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* [[Language/German/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]] | * [[Language/German/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]] | ||
* [[Language/German/Grammar/Cases|Cases]] | * [[Language/German/Grammar/Cases|Cases]] | ||
{{German-Page-Bottom}} | {{German-Page-Bottom}} | ||
<span | |||
<span pgnav> | |||
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav" | |||
|[[Language/German/Vocabulary/Talking-About-Your-Friends|◀️ Talking About Your Friends — Previous Lesson]] | |||
|[[Language/German/Grammar/Two-Way-Prepositions|Next Lesson — Two-Way Prepositions ▶️]] | |||
|} | |||
</span> |
Latest revision as of 08:05, 17 June 2023
◀️ Talking About Your Friends — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Two-Way Prepositions ▶️ |
Introduction[edit | edit source]
In this lesson, we will explore the usage of prepositions in German. Prepositions are an integral part of the German language, and they play a crucial role in connecting words, phrases, and clauses. By understanding how prepositions work, you will be able to express relationships between different elements in a sentence more accurately. In this lesson, we will focus on using prepositions with common verbs and expressions. Let's dive in!
Basic Overview of Prepositions[edit | edit source]
Before we explore the usage of prepositions with verbs and expressions, let's have a basic overview of prepositions in German. Prepositions are words that establish a relationship between different elements in a sentence. They indicate location, direction, time, manner, and other relationships. In German, prepositions are usually followed by a noun or pronoun in a specific case (accusative, dative, or genitive). The case determines the form of the noun or pronoun that follows the preposition.
Here are some common prepositions in German:
- in (in)
- auf (on, onto)
- unter (under)
- vor (in front of)
- hinter (behind)
- neben (next to)
- über (over)
- bei (at, near)
- mit (with)
- ohne (without)
These are just a few examples, and there are many more prepositions in German. Each preposition requires a specific case, and it's important to learn the correct case for each preposition.
Using Prepositions with Verbs[edit | edit source]
Prepositions are frequently used with verbs to express various meanings and relationships. Let's take a look at some common verbs and the prepositions that are commonly used with them.
Verbs with Accusative Prepositions[edit | edit source]
Accusative prepositions are used when the verb indicates a motion or direction towards a specific place or object.
Example 1: "gehen" (to go)[edit | edit source]
- in (into, to)
- an (to, at)
- auf (onto)
Here are some examples:
German | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Ich gehe in die Schule. | [ɪç ˈɡeːə ɪn diː ˈʃuːlə] | I go to school. |
Er geht an den See. | [eːɐ̯ ɡeːt ʔan deːn zeː] | He goes to the lake. |
Wir gehen auf den Berg. | [vɪʁ ˈɡeːən aʊ̯f deːn bɛʁk] | We go onto the mountain. |
Example 2: "setzen" (to put, to set)[edit | edit source]
- auf (on)
- an (against)
- unter (under)
Here are some examples:
German | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Sie setzt das Buch auf den Tisch. | [ziː ˈzɛts das buːχ aʊ̯f deːn tɪʃ] | She puts the book on the table. |
Er setzt sich an den Schreibtisch. | [eːɐ̯ ˈzɛts zɪç ʔan deːn ˈʃʁaɪ̯ptɪʃ] | He sits at the desk. |
Die Katze setzt sich unter das Bett. | [diː ˈkat͡sə zɛts zɪç ˈʔʊntɐ das bɛt] | The cat goes under the bed. |
Verbs with Dative Prepositions[edit | edit source]
Dative prepositions are used when the verb indicates a stationary position or location.
Example 1: "wohnen" (to live)[edit | edit source]
- in (in)
- bei (at, near)
- an (on)
Here are some examples:
German | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Ich wohne in einem Haus. | [ɪç ˈvoːnə ɪn ˈaɪ̯nəm haʊ̯s] | I live in a house. |
Sie wohnt bei ihren Eltern. | [ziː ˈvoːnt baɪ̯ ˈʔaɪ̯ʁən ˈɛl.tɐn] | She lives near her parents. |
Er wohnt an der Hauptstraße. | [eːɐ̯ ˈvoːnt ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈhaʊ̯ptˌʃtʁaːsə] | He lives on the main street. |
Example 2: "helfen" (to help)[edit | edit source]
- bei (at, with)
- mit (with)
- zu (to)
Here are some examples:
German | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Ich helfe ihr bei den Hausaufgaben. | [ɪç ˈhɛlfə iːɐ̯ baɪ̯ deːn ˈhaʊ̯sˌʔaʊ̯fɡaːbən] | I help her with the homework. |
Sie hilft mir mit dem Umzug. | [ziː hɪlft mɪʁ mɪt deːm ˈʔʊmt͡suːk] | She helps me with the move. |
Er hilft uns zu gewinnen. | [eːɐ̯ hɪlft ʊns t͡su ɡəˈvɪnən] | He helps us to win. |
Verbs with Genitive Prepositions[edit | edit source]
Genitive prepositions are used when the verb indicates possession or a relationship between two things.
Example 1: "gedenken" (to commemorate)[edit | edit source]
- der (of)
- wegen (because of)
- statt (instead of)
Here are some examples:
German | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Wir gedenken der Opfer. | [vɪʁ ɡəˈdɛŋkən deːɐ̯ ˈʔɔpfɐ] | We commemorate the victims. |
Ich kann nicht kommen, wegen der Arbeit. | [ɪç kʰan nɪçt ˈkʰɔmən ˈveːɡən deːɐ̯ ˈʔaʁbaɪ̯t] | I can't come because of work. |
Statt Fleisch essen wir Gemüse. | [ʃtat flaɪ̯ʃ ˈɛsən vɪʁ ɡəˈmyːzə] | Instead of meat, we eat vegetables. |
Example 2: "bedürfen" (to require)[edit | edit source]
- keines (none)
- vieler (many)
- weniger (less)
Here are some examples:
German | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Das Projekt bedarf keines weiteren Aufwands. | [das ˈpʁɔjɛkt bəˈdaʁf ˈkaɪ̯nəs ˈvaɪ̯təʁən ˈʔaʊ̯f.vant͡s] | The project doesn't require any further effort. |
Sie bedarf vieler Erklärungen. | [ziː bəˈdaʁf ˈfiːlɐ ˌʔɛʁˈklɛːʁʊŋən] | She requires many explanations. |
Es bedarf weniger Zeit. | [ɛs bəˈdaʁf ˈveːnɪɡɐ t͡saɪ̯t] | It requires less time. |
Conclusion[edit | edit source]
In this lesson, we have explored the usage of prepositions with common verbs and expressions in German. Prepositions are essential for expressing relationships between different elements in a sentence. By understanding how prepositions work and which case they require, you will be able to construct more accurate sentences in German. Make sure to practice using prepositions with verbs and expressions to reinforce your understanding. Keep up the good work, and continue to expand your knowledge of German grammar and vocabulary!
Sources[edit | edit source]
- German Prepositions - The Ultimate Guide (with Charts)
- All You Need to Know about German Prepositions
- The Ultimate Guide to Knitting Up German Sentences with ...
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Past Tense
- Prepositions
- Pronouns in German
- Give your Opinion
- Simple negative sentences
- Conditional Mood
- Descriptive Adjectives
- Plurals
- How to Use Have
- Cases
◀️ Talking About Your Friends — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Two-Way Prepositions ▶️ |