Difference between revisions of "Language/Korean/Grammar/Progressive-Tense"

Latest revision as of 13:12, 30 March 2023

◀️ Future Tense — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Travel Vocabulary ▶️

Korean Grammar → Verb Tenses → Progressive Tense

As a beginner in learning Korean language, you might have got a hang of using different verb tenses, such as past tense and future tense. But what about actions that are ongoing? In this lesson, we will learn how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean, also known as the continuous tense. This tense is formed by combining a verb stem and the verb "고 있다" (go itda), which means "to be doing".

Consider broadening your understanding by checking out these related lessons: Korean Pronunciation & Plurals.

Forming Progressive Tense Verbs[edit | edit source]

To form the progressive tense, we simply add "고 있다" (go itda). For example:

가다 (gada) - to go

 * 가 + 고 있다 = 가고 있다 (gago itda) - to be going

먹다 (meokda) - to eat

 * 먹 + 고 있다 = 먹고 있다 (meokgo itda) - to be eating

사다 (sada) - to buy

 * 사 + 고 있다 = 사고 있다 (sago itda) - to be buying

쓰다 (sseuda) - to write, to use, to put on (a cap, a hat, or glasses)

 * 쓰 + 고 있다 = 쓰고 있다 (sseugo itda) - to be writing,  to be using, to be putting on (a cap, a hat, or glasses)

Using Progressive Tense in Sentences[edit | edit source]

Once you have formed the progressive tense verbs, you can use them in sentences to describe ongoing actions. Here are some examples:

저는 책을 읽고 있어요. (Jeoneun chaekeul ilggo isseoyo.) - I am reading a book.
지금 밥을 먹고 있어요. (Jigeum bab-eul meokgo isseoyo.) - I am eating lunch now.
그들은 영화를 보고 있어요. (Geudeureun yeonghwaleul bogo isseoyo.) - They are watching a movie.

Notice that the subject marker "은/는" (eun/neun) is added after the subject, and the object marker "을/를" (eul/reul) is added after the object. Then, the progressive tense verb is added after the object marker.

Exceptions[edit | edit source]

There are some cases where the progressive tense is not used, such as when talking about habitual actions or actions that take only a short time to complete. In those cases, we use the simple present tense instead.

Summary[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! Now you know how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean! You have learned how to find the verb stem and add "고 있다" to form this tense. You also learned about irregular verbs and when to use the simple present tense instead of the progressive tense. Keep practicing to get more comfortable using this tense in your day-to-day conversations.

Sources[edit | edit source]

Table of Contents - Korean Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Course Presentation

Korean Alphabets

Greetings and Introductions

Korean Culture and Customs

Sentence Building

Daily Routine

Korean Pop Culture

Describing People and Things

Food and Drinks

Korean Traditions

Verb Tenses

Travel and Sightseeing

Korean Arts and Crafts

Conjunctions and Connectors

Health and Body

Korean Nature

Videos[edit | edit source]

Korean Grammar - Present Progressive Tense - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Present Progressive in Korean (verb + ing : -는 중이에요) - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

◀️ Future Tense — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Travel Vocabulary ▶️

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+<span pgnav>
+{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
+|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense|◀️ Future Tense — Previous Lesson]]
+|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Travel-Vocabulary|Next Lesson — Travel Vocabulary ▶️]]
+|}
+</span>
 {{Korean-Page-Top}}
@@ Line 8: / Line 15: @@
 As a beginner in learning Korean language, you might have got a hang of using different verb tenses, such as past tense and future tense. But what about actions that are ongoing? In this lesson, we will learn how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean, also known as the continuous tense. This tense is formed by combining a verb stem and the verb "고 있다" (go itda), which means "to be doing".
+<span link>Consider broadening your understanding by checking out these related lessons: [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Korean-Pronunciation|Korean Pronunciation]] & [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]].</span>
 == Forming Progressive Tense Verbs ==
-To form the progressive tense, first, we need to find the verb stem. For verbs ending in a vowel, we simply add the vowel "ㅣ" (i) before "고 있다" (go itda). For example:
+To form the progressive tense, we simply add  "고 있다" (go itda). For example:
 * 가다 (gada) - to go
@@ Line 16: / Line 25: @@
 * 먹다 (meokda) - to eat
    * 먹 + 고 있다 = 먹고 있다 (meokgo itda) - to be eating
-For verbs that end with a consonant, we add "으" (eu) before "고 있다" (go itda). For example:
 * 사다 (sada) - to buy
    * 사 + 고 있다 = 사고 있다 (sago itda) - to be buying
-* 쓰다 (sseuda) - to write
+* 쓰다 (sseuda) - to write, to use, to put on (a cap, a hat, or glasses)
-   * 쓰 + 고 있다 = 써고 있다 (sseogo itda) - to be writing
+   * 쓰 + 고 있다 = 쓰고 있다 (sseugo itda) - to be writing,  to be using, to be putting on (a cap, a hat, or glasses)
 == Using Progressive Tense in Sentences ==
@@ Line 33: / Line 40: @@
 Notice that the subject marker "은/는" (eun/neun) is added after the subject, and the object marker "을/를" (eul/reul) is added after the object. Then, the progressive tense verb is added after the object marker.
-== Irregular Verbs ==
-There are a few irregular verbs when it comes to forming the progressive tense. They are:
-* 오다 (oda) - to come
-  * 와 + 고 있다 = 와고 있다 (wago itda) - to be coming
-* 있다 (itda) - to exist, to be
-  * 있 + 고 있다 = 있고 있다 (itgo itda) - to be in a state of existence
-* 없다 (eomneunda) - to not exist, to not have
-  * 없 + 고 있다 = 없고 있다 (eopgo itda) - to not have
 == Exceptions ==
@@ Line 53: / Line 48: @@
 Congratulations! Now you know how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean! You have learned how to find the verb stem and add "고 있다" to form this tense. You also learned about irregular verbs and when to use the simple present tense instead of the progressive tense. Keep practicing to get more comfortable using this tense in your day-to-day conversations.
-== Sources ==
+<span class='maj'></span>
-* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_grammar Wikipedia - Korean grammar]
+==Sources==
-* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_verb_conjugation Wikipedia - Korean verb conjugation]
+* [https://learnkorean24.com/korean-present-progressive-tense/ Korean Present Progressive Tense | ~ 고 있어요 - LearnKorean24]
+* [https://koreanjun.com/core-grammar/present-progressive-tense/ Present Progressive Tense - Korean Jun]
 {{#seo:
@@ Line 69: / Line 65: @@
 [[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
 [[Category:Korean-0-to-A1-Course]]
+==Videos==
+===Korean Grammar - Present Progressive Tense - YouTube===
+<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xa_ZcNcSmO0</youtube>
+===Present Progressive in Korean (verb + ing : -는 중이에요) - YouTube===
+<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VcXJDvtNEk</youtube>
+==Other Lessons==
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-People|Describing People]]
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Sentences|Conditional Sentences]]
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connectors|Connectors]]
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connecting-Verbs|Connecting Verbs]]
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Subject-and-Object-Markers|Subject and Object Markers]]
 {{Korean-Page-Bottom}}
+<span links></span>
+<span pgnav>
+{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
+|[[Language/Korean/Grammar/Future-Tense|◀️ Future Tense — Previous Lesson]]
+|[[Language/Korean/Vocabulary/Travel-Vocabulary|Next Lesson — Travel Vocabulary ▶️]]
+|}
+</span>