Difference between revisions of "Language/Korean/Grammar/Progressive-Tense"

Revision as of 13:05, 12 March 2023

Korean Grammar → Verb Tenses → Progressive Tense

As a beginner in learning Korean language, you might have got a hang of using different verb tenses, such as past tense and future tense. But what about actions that are ongoing? In this lesson, we will learn how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean, also known as the continuous tense. This tense is formed by combining a verb stem and the verb "고 있다" (go itda), which means "to be doing".

Forming Progressive Tense Verbs

To form the progressive tense, first, we need to find the verb stem. For verbs ending in a vowel, we simply add the vowel "ㅣ" (i) before "고 있다" (go itda). For example:

가다 (gada) - to go

 * 가 + 고 있다 = 가고 있다 (gago itda) - to be going

먹다 (meokda) - to eat

 * 먹 + 고 있다 = 먹고 있다 (meokgo itda) - to be eating

For verbs that end with a consonant, we add "으" (eu) before "고 있다" (go itda). For example:

사다 (sada) - to buy

 * 사 + 고 있다 = 사고 있다 (sago itda) - to be buying

쓰다 (sseuda) - to write

 * 쓰 + 고 있다 = 써고 있다 (sseogo itda) - to be writing

Using Progressive Tense in Sentences

Once you have formed the progressive tense verbs, you can use them in sentences to describe ongoing actions. Here are some examples:

저는 책을 읽고 있어요. (Jeoneun chaekeul ilggo isseoyo.) - I am reading a book.
지금 밥을 먹고 있어요. (Jigeum bab-eul meokgo isseoyo.) - I am eating lunch now.
그들은 영화를 보고 있어요. (Geudeureun yeonghwaleul bogo isseoyo.) - They are watching a movie.

Notice that the subject marker "은/는" (eun/neun) is added after the subject, and the object marker "을/를" (eul/reul) is added after the object. Then, the progressive tense verb is added after the object marker.

Irregular Verbs

There are a few irregular verbs when it comes to forming the progressive tense. They are:

오다 (oda) - to come

 * 와 + 고 있다 = 와고 있다 (wago itda) - to be coming

있다 (itda) - to exist, to be

 * 있 + 고 있다 = 있고 있다 (itgo itda) - to be in a state of existence

없다 (eomneunda) - to not exist, to not have

 * 없 + 고 있다 = 없고 있다 (eopgo itda) - to not have

Exceptions

There are some cases where the progressive tense is not used, such as when talking about habitual actions or actions that take only a short time to complete. In those cases, we use the simple present tense instead.

Summary

Congratulations! Now you know how to form and use the progressive tense in Korean! You have learned how to find the verb stem and add "고 있다" to form this tense. You also learned about irregular verbs and when to use the simple present tense instead of the progressive tense. Keep practicing to get more comfortable using this tense in your day-to-day conversations.

Sources

Table of Contents - Korean Course - 0 to A1

Course Presentation

Korean Alphabets

Greetings and Introductions

Korean Culture and Customs

Sentence Building

Daily Routine

Korean Pop Culture

Describing People and Things

Food and Drinks

Korean Traditions

Verb Tenses

Travel and Sightseeing

Korean Arts and Crafts

Conjunctions and Connectors

Health and Body

Korean Nature

Videos

Korean Grammar - Present Progressive Tense - YouTube

Present Progressive in Korean (verb + ing : -는 중이에요) - YouTube

Related Lessons

@@ Line 79: / Line 79: @@
 ===Present Progressive in Korean (verb + ing : -는 중이에요) - YouTube===
 <youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VcXJDvtNEk</youtube>
+==Related Lessons==
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Describing-People|Describing People]]
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Sentences|Conditional Sentences]]
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connectors|Connectors]]
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Connecting-Verbs|Connecting Verbs]]
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
+* [[Language/Korean/Grammar/Subject-and-Object-Markers|Subject and Object Markers]]
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