Language/Hungarian/Vocabulary/Science-and-technology
Introduction[edit | edit source]
In this lesson, we will explore the world of science and technology in Hungarian. As we become more advanced in our language learning journey, it is important to expand our vocabulary to cover a variety of topics. Science and technology are crucial aspects of modern life, and being able to discuss them in Hungarian will greatly enhance your communication skills. This lesson will focus on introducing you to Hungarian words related to different scientific fields, technologies, and innovations. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid foundation in the scientific and technological vocabulary of the Hungarian language.
Scientific Fields[edit | edit source]
Hungarian has a rich vocabulary when it comes to scientific fields. Let's explore some of the most common scientific disciplines and their corresponding Hungarian words:
Biology (Biológia)[edit | edit source]
Biology is the study of living organisms and their interactions with the environment. In Hungarian, biology is known as "biológia". Here are some key words related to biology:
| Hungarian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| élőlény | [ˈeːloːleːɲ] | living being |
| sejt | [ʃɛjt] | cell |
| gén | [ɡeːn] | gene |
| DNS | [deːˈɛnɛs] | DNA |
| evolúció | [ɛvoˈluːt͡ʃioː] | evolution |
| ökológia | [økolˈoːɡiɒ] | ecology |
Chemistry (Kémia)[edit | edit source]
Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. In Hungarian, chemistry is known as "kémia". Here are some key words related to chemistry:
| Hungarian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| elem | [ɛlɛm] | element |
| vegyület | [ˈvɛɟylɛt] | compound |
| reakció | [rɛˈɒkioː] | reaction |
| sav | [ʃɒv] | acid |
| bázis | [ˈbaːziʃ] | base |
| kémiai kötés | [ˈkeːmiɒi ˈkøteːʃ] | chemical bond |
Physics (Fizika)[edit | edit source]
Physics is the study of matter, energy, and the interactions between them. In Hungarian, physics is known as "fizika". Here are some key words related to physics:
| Hungarian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| erő | [ɛrøː] | force |
| tömeg | [ˈtømɛʃ] | mass |
| energia | [ɛnɛrɡiɒ] | energy |
| elektromágnesesség | [ˈɛlɛktromɑːɲɛsɛʃː] | electromagnetism |
| gravitáció | [ɡrɒˈvitaːt͡ʃioː] | gravity |
| fény | [feːɲ] | light |
Mathematics (Matematika)[edit | edit source]
Mathematics is the study of numbers, quantities, and shapes. In Hungarian, mathematics is known as "matematika". Here are some key words related to mathematics:
| Hungarian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| szám | [saːm] | number |
| algebra | [ˈɒlɡɛbrɒ] | algebra |
| geometria | [ɡɛomɛtriɒ] | geometry |
| egyenlet | [ˈɛɟɛnlɛt] | equation |
| derivált | [dɛriˈvaːlt] | derivative |
| integrál | [ˈintɛɡraːl] | integral |
Technologies and Innovations[edit | edit source]
Hungarian has adopted many technological terms from other languages, particularly English. Let's explore some key words related to technologies and innovations:
Computer Science (Informatika)[edit | edit source]
Computer science is the study of computers and computing technologies. In Hungarian, computer science is known as "informatika". Here are some key words related to computer science:
| Hungarian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| számítógép | [ˈsaːmiːtoːɡeːp] | computer |
| programozás | [proˈɡrɒmozaːʃ] | programming |
| adatbázis | [ˈɒdɒtbaːziʃ] | database |
| szoftver | [ˈsoftvɛr] | software |
| hardver | [ˈhɒrdvɛr] | hardware |
| hálózat | [ˈhaːloːzɒt] | network |
Engineering (Mérnöki)[edit | edit source]
Engineering is the application of scientific and mathematical principles to design and build structures, machines, and systems. In Hungarian, engineering is known as "mérnöki". Here are some key words related to engineering:
| Hungarian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| építészet | [ˈeːpiːteːʃɛt] | architecture |
| gép | [ɡeːp] | machine |
| szerkezet | [ˈsɛrkɛzɛt] | structure |
| villamosmérnök | [ˈvilɒmoʃmeːrˌnøk] | electrical engineer |
| gépészmérnök | [ˈɡeːpeːsmɛːrˌnøk] | mechanical engineer |
| építőmérnök | [ˈeːpiːtoːmeːrˌnøk] | civil engineer |
Medicine (Orvostudomány)[edit | edit source]
Medicine is the study of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. In Hungarian, medicine is known as "orvostudomány". Here are some key words related to medicine:
| Hungarian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| orvos | [ˈorvoʃ] | doctor |
| betegség | [ˈbɛtɛɡʃeːɡ] | disease |
| gyógyszer | [ˈɟoːɡysɛr] | medicine |
| sebész | [ˈʃɛbeːs] | surgeon |
| egészségügy | [ˈɛɡeːʃʃeːɡy] | healthcare |
| kutatás | [ˈkutɒtaːʃ] | research |
Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]
Hungary has a rich scientific and technological heritage. Many Hungarian scientists and inventors have made significant contributions to various fields. One such example is János Irinyi, a Hungarian chemist who invented the noiseless match in 1836. This invention greatly improved safety and convenience for users of matches. Another notable Hungarian scientist is Albert Szent-Györgyi, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1937 for his discoveries related to Vitamin C and the citric acid cycle. These are just a few examples of the many Hungarian scientists and inventors who have left a lasting impact on the scientific community.
Hungarian culture also values education and scientific progress. Hungary has a strong tradition of scientific research and innovation, with numerous universities and research institutions dedicated to advancing knowledge in various fields. Budapest, the capital city of Hungary, is home to several esteemed universities and research centers that attract students and scholars from around the world.
Exercises[edit | edit source]
Now it's time to practice what you've learned! Complete the following exercises to reinforce your understanding of Hungarian vocabulary related to science and technology.
Exercise 1: Match the Hungarian word to its English translation.
| Hungarian | English Translation |
|---|---|
| élőlény | a) computer |
| vegyület | b) electricity |
| tömeg | c) cell |
| adatbázis | d) compound |
| villamos | e) living being |
| számítógép | f) mass |
| sejt | g) database |
| gép | h) machine |
Solution: 1-e, 2-d, 3-f, 4-g, 5-b, 6-a, 7-c, 8-h
Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks with the correct Hungarian word.
1. The study of living organisms is called __________. 2. In chemistry, two or more elements combine to form a __________. 3. __________ is the force that attracts objects towards each other. 4. Mathematics deals with numbers, quantities, and __________. 5. A __________ is a specialized field of engineering that focuses on electrical systems.
Solution: 1-biológia, 2-vegyület, 3-gravitáció, 4-algebra, 5-villamosmérnöki
Conclusion[edit | edit source]
Congratulations! You have expanded your Hungarian vocabulary in the field of science and technology. By learning these words, you are now better equipped to discuss scientific concepts and technological advancements in Hungarian. Remember to practice using these words in context to reinforce your learning. Keep up the great work, and continue exploring new topics to further enhance your language skills.
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Hobbies and leisure activities
- How to write a letter
- Food and drink
- Fruits
- Fashion and style
- Art and architecture
- Numbers and telling time
- Asking for directions
- Time
- Health