Language/Armenian/Grammar/Verb-Conjugation
Introduction[edit | edit source]
In this lesson, we will delve into the concept of verb conjugation in the Armenian language. Verb conjugation is an essential aspect of Armenian grammar as it allows us to express different tenses, moods, and aspects in our sentences. Understanding how to conjugate verbs correctly will greatly enhance your ability to communicate in Armenian and express yourself accurately.
In this comprehensive lesson, we will explore the basic rules and patterns of verb conjugation in Armenian. We will cover the different verb forms, including the present, past, and future tenses, as well as the imperative mood. Along the way, we will provide numerous examples and practice exercises to solidify your understanding of verb conjugation in Armenian.
By the end of this lesson, you will have a strong foundation in Armenian verb conjugation and be able to construct sentences with confidence. So let's dive in and discover the beauty of Armenian grammar!
Armenian Verb Conjugation[edit | edit source]
Armenian verbs undergo changes in their form depending on various factors such as tense, mood, aspect, and subject agreement. These changes are known as verb conjugations. In this section, we will explore the different conjugation patterns and rules for Armenian verbs.
Present Tense[edit | edit source]
The present tense is used to describe actions that are happening right now or are ongoing. In Armenian, the present tense is formed by adding specific endings to the verb stem.
To conjugate a regular verb in the present tense, we generally remove the infinitive ending "-ել" or "-ալ" and add the appropriate endings according to the subject agreement. Let's take a look at some examples:
Example 1[edit | edit source]
Here's how we conjugate the verb "գրել" (to write) in the present tense:
Armenian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ես գրում եմ | es grum em | I am writing |
դու գրում ես | du grum es | you are writing (singular) |
նա գրում է | na grum e | he/she is writing |
մենք գրում ենք | menk grum enk | we are writing |
դուք գրում եք | duk grum ek | you are writing (plural) |
նրանք գրում են | nrank grum en | they are writing |
As you can see, the verb "գրել" is conjugated differently for each subject pronoun. The verb stem remains the same, and we add the appropriate endings to indicate the subject agreement.
Example 2[edit | edit source]
Let's look at another example with the verb "սիրել" (to love):
Armenian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ես սիրում եմ | es sirum em | I am loving |
դու սիրում ես | du sirum es | you are loving (singular) |
նա սիրում է | na sirum e | he/she is loving |
մենք սիրում ենք | menk sirum enk | we are loving |
դուք սիրում եք | duk sirum ek | you are loving (plural) |
նրանք սիրում են | nrank sirum en | they are loving |
In this example, the verb stem "սիրե" remains the same, and we add the appropriate endings to indicate the subject agreement.
Past Tense[edit | edit source]
The past tense is used to describe actions that have already happened in the past. In Armenian, the past tense is formed by adding specific endings to the verb stem.
To conjugate a regular verb in the past tense, we generally remove the infinitive ending "-ել" or "-ալ" and add the appropriate endings according to the subject agreement. Let's take a look at some examples:
Example 1[edit | edit source]
Here's how we conjugate the verb "գրել" (to write) in the past tense:
Armenian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ես գրեցի | es grets'i | I wrote |
դու գրեցիր | du grets'ir | you wrote (singular) |
նա գրեց | na grets' | he/she wrote |
մենք գրեցինք | menk grets'ink | we wrote |
դուք գրեցիք | duk grets'ik | you wrote (plural) |
նրանք գրեցին | nrank grets'in | they wrote |
In this example, the verb "գրել" is conjugated differently for each subject pronoun in the past tense. Again, the verb stem remains the same, and we add the appropriate endings to indicate the subject agreement.
Example 2[edit | edit source]
Let's look at another example with the verb "սիրել" (to love):
Armenian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ես սիրեցի | es sirets'i | I loved |
դու սիրեցիր | du sirets'ir | you loved (singular) |
նա սիրեց | na sirets' | he/she loved |
մենք սիրեցինք | menk sirets'ink | we loved |
դուք սիրեցիք | duk sirets'ik | you loved (plural) |
նրանք սիրեցին | nrank sirets'in | they loved |
In this example, the verb stem "սիրե" remains the same, and we add the appropriate endings to indicate the subject agreement in the past tense.
Future Tense[edit | edit source]
The future tense is used to describe actions that will happen in the future. In Armenian, the future tense is formed by adding specific endings to the verb stem.
To conjugate a regular verb in the future tense, we generally remove the infinitive ending "-ել" or "-ալ" and add the appropriate endings according to the subject agreement. Let's take a look at some examples:
Example 1[edit | edit source]
Here's how we conjugate the verb "գրել" (to write) in the future tense:
Armenian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ես կգրեմ | es k'grem | I will write |
դու կգրես | du k'gres | you will write (singular) |
նա կգրի | na k'gri | he/she will write |
մենք կգրենք | menk k'grenk | we will write |
դուք կգրեք | duk k'grek | you will write (plural) |
նրանք կգրեն | nrank k'gren | they will write |
In this example, the verb "գրել" is conjugated differently for each subject pronoun in the future tense. Once again, the verb stem remains the same, and we add the appropriate endings to indicate the subject agreement.
Example 2[edit | edit source]
Let's look at another example with the verb "սիրել" (to love):
Armenian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ես կսիրեմ | es k'sirem | I will love |
դու կսիրես | du k'sires | you will love (singular) |
նա կսիրի | na k'siri | he/she will love |
մենք կսիրենք | menk k'sirenk | we will love |
դուք կսիրեք | duk k'sirek | you will love (plural) |
նրանք կսիրեն | nrank k'siren | they will love |
In this example, the verb stem "սիրե" remains the same, and we add the appropriate endings to indicate the subject agreement in the future tense.
Imperative Mood[edit | edit source]
The imperative mood is used to give commands or make requests. In Armenian, the imperative mood is formed by adding specific endings to the verb stem.
To conjugate a regular verb in the imperative mood, we generally remove the infinitive ending "-ել" or "-ալ" and add the appropriate endings according to the subject agreement. Let's take a look at some examples:
Example 1[edit | edit source]
Here's how we conjugate the verb "գրել" (to write) in the imperative mood:
Armenian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
գրի | gri | write (singular) |
գրեք | grek | write (plural) |
In this example, the verb "գրել" is conjugated differently for the singular and plural forms in the imperative mood. Again, the verb stem remains the same, and we add the appropriate endings to indicate the subject agreement.
Example 2[edit | edit source]
Let's look at another example with the verb "սիրել" (to love):
Armenian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
սիրի | siri | love (singular) |
սիրեք | sirek | love (plural) |
In this example, the verb stem "սիրե" remains the same, and we add the appropriate endings to indicate the subject agreement in the imperative mood.
Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]
Armenian verb conjugation reflects not only the grammatical structure of the language but also the cultural and historical influences on the Armenian people. Throughout history, Armenia has been influenced by various neighboring civilizations, including Persian, Arabic, Turkish, and Russian. These influences have left their mark on the Armenian language, including its verb conjugation patterns.
It's interesting to note that Armenian verb conjugation is relatively complex compared to some other languages. This complexity can be attributed to the rich history and cultural diversity of the Armenian people. By exploring the intricacies of Armenian verb conjugation, we gain insight into the linguistic and cultural heritage of Armenia.
Exercise[edit | edit source]
Now, it's time to put your knowledge of Armenian verb conjugation into practice! Complete the following exercises by conjugating the given verbs according to the specified tense and subject agreement. Check your answers at the end.
1. Conjugate the verb "մետաղանիշ" (to eat) in the present tense for the following subject pronouns: "ես" (I), "դու" (you, singular), "նա" (he/she), "մենք" (we), "դուք" (you, plural), "նրանք" (they).
2. Conjugate the verb "գրել" (to write) in the past tense for the following subject pronouns: "ես" (I), "դու" (you, singular), "նա" (he/she), "մենք" (we), "դուք" (you, plural), "նրանք" (they).
3. Conjugate the verb "սիրել" (to love) in the future tense for the following subject pronouns: "ես" (I), "դու" (you, singular), "նա" (he/she), "մենք" (we), "դուք" (you, plural), "նրանք" (they).
4. Conjugate the verb "պատմել" (to tell) in the imperative mood for the singular and plural forms.
Solutions[edit | edit source]
1. Conjugation of the verb "մետաղանիշ" (to eat) in the present tense: - ես մետաղանում եմ (es metaghanum em) - I am eating - դու մետաղանում ես (du metaghanum es) - you are eating (singular) - նա մետաղանում է (na metaghanum e) - he/she is eating - մենք մետաղանում ենք (menk metaghanum enk) - we are eating - դուք մետաղանում եք (duk metaghanum ek) - you are eating (plural) - նրանք մետաղանում են (nrank metaghanum en) - they are eating
2. Conjugation of the verb "գրել" (to write) in the past tense: - ես գրեցի (es grets'i) - I wrote - դու գրեցիր (du grets'ir) - you wrote (singular) - նա գրեց (na grets') - he/she wrote - մենք գրեցինք (menk grets'ink) - we wrote - դուք գրեցիք (duk grets'ik) - you wrote (plural) - նրանք գրեցին (nrank grets'in) - they wrote
3. Conjugation of the verb "սիրել" (to love) in the future tense: - ես կսիրեմ (es k'sirem) - I will love - դու կսիրես (du k'sires) - you will love (singular) - նա կսիրի (na k'siri) - he/she will love - մենք կսիրենք (menk k'sirenk) - we will love - դուք կսիրեք (duk k'sirek) - you will love (plural) - նրանք կսիրեն (nrank k'siren) - they will love
4. Conjugation of the verb "պատմել" (to tell) in the imperative mood: - պատմի (patmi) - tell (singular) - պատմեք (patmek) - tell (plural)
Congratulations on completing the exercise! You are now well-versed in Armenian verb conjugation.
Videos[edit | edit source]
Verb conjugation- How to learn Armenian language - YouTube[edit | edit source]
Sources[edit | edit source]
- Armenian/Grammar - Wikibooks, open books for an open world
- Armenian conjugation
- Eastern Armenian verb table - Wikipedia
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Imperative Mood
- Definite Pronouns
- The Future Perfect Tense
- Adjective Endings
- Cases of Nouns
- Obligatory Mood Future Obligatory
- Question Mark and Exclamation Point
- 0 to A1 Course
- The Past Perfect Tense
- Demonstrative pronouns