Language/Thai/Grammar/Comparative-and-Superlative-Adverbs
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As you continue to learn Thai, you will come across adverbs, or words that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs in a sentence. In this lesson, we will focus on comparative and superlative adverbs in Thai. These forms allow us to describe differences in degree or intensity in a sentence.
Comparative Adverbs
Comparative adverbs are used when we want to compare two things or people. In Thai, we can form the comparative form of an adverb by adding กว่า (gwàa) after the adverb. Here are some examples:
| Thai | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| ช้า (cháa) + กว่า (gwàa) | cháa gwàa | slower than |
| เร็ว (reo) + กว่า (gwàa) | reo gwàa | faster than |
| มาก (maak) + กว่า (gwàa) | maak gwàa | more than |
To use comparative adverbs in a sentence, we can use the following structure:
<adverb 1> + กว่า + <adverb 2>
For example:
- ฉันเดินช้ากว่าเขา (Chăn dern cháa gwàa kăo) - I walk slower than him/her.
Superlative Adverbs
Superlative adverbs are used when we want to describe the highest degree or intensity of something or someone. In Thai, we can form the superlative form of an adverb by adding ที่สุด (tîi sùt) after the adverb. Here are some examples:
| Thai | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| ช้า (cháa) + ที่สุด (tîi sùt) | cháa tîi sùt | slowest |
| เร็ว (reo) + ที่สุด (tîi sùt) | reo tîi sùt | fastest |
| มาก (maak) + ที่สุด (tîi sùt) | maak tîi sùt | most |
To use superlative adverbs in a sentence, we can use the following structure:
<subject> + <verb> + <adverb> + ที่สุด
For example:
- ผมวิ่งเร็วที่สุดในทีม (Phŏm wing reo tîi sùt nai tiim) - I run the fastest in the team.
Exceptions
There are a few exceptions to note when using comparative and superlative adverbs in Thai:
- For adverbs that end in -ยๆ (-yá-yá) or -อยู่ (-yùu), comparative and superlative forms are the same. - For adverbs that end in -ดี (di) or -เยี่ยว (yǐao), the superlative form is formed by adding ที่สุด (tîi sùt) to the end of the word without the final consonant sound.
Here are some examples:
| Thai | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| เหมือนกัน (meuan gan) + กว่า (gwàa) | meuan gan gwàa | equally |
| หล่อเลย (lòr looei) + ที่สุด (tîi sùt) | lòr looei tîi sùt | most handsome |
Practice
Now that you've learned about comparative and superlative adverbs in Thai, it's time to practice! Here are some sentences for you to try forming:
- She sings more beautifully than him.
- This is the most delicious food I've ever eaten.
- He works harder than me.
Sources