Language/Kazakh/Grammar/Demonstrative-Pronouns

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Kazakh → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Demonstrative Pronouns

In learning any language, understanding how to identify and point out objects and people is crucial. This is where demonstrative pronouns come into play. In this lesson, we will explore Kazakh demonstrative pronouns, which serve as essential tools for communication in everyday situations. By mastering these pronouns, you will be able to express yourself more clearly and effectively in Kazakh.

We will cover:

• What demonstrative pronouns are

• The different forms of demonstrative pronouns in Kazakh

• Usage examples in sentences

• Practice exercises to reinforce your understanding

By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid grasp of Kazakh demonstrative pronouns, setting a strong foundation for your language learning journey.

What are Demonstrative Pronouns?

Demonstrative pronouns are words that are used to identify and indicate specific objects or people. They help us convey whether we are referring to something near (close) or far (distant) from us. In Kazakh, demonstrative pronouns can change form based on the proximity of the object or person being referred to.

Types of Demonstrative Pronouns in Kazakh

In Kazakh, there are several demonstrative pronouns that you will encounter. These include:

• Бұл (bul) - This (near)

• Сол (sol) - That (far)

• Ол (ol) - It/That (neutral; can refer to something already mentioned or known)

These pronouns can be used in various cases, which will be essential as you progress in your studies. Below is a breakdown of their forms and usage.

Table of Demonstrative Pronouns

Kazakh	Pronunciation	English
Бұл	bul	This (near)
Сол	sol	That (far)
Ол	ol	It/That (neutral)

Usage of Demonstrative Pronouns

Demonstrative pronouns in Kazakh are used not only to identify objects but also to express relationships between people and things. Here are some key points to remember when using them:

1. Bu (Бұл) is used when referring to something that is close to the speaker.

2. Sol (Сол) indicates something further away from the speaker.

3. Ol (Ол) can refer to something previously mentioned or known and is often used in a neutral context.

Let’s take a closer look at how these pronouns function in sentences. Below are examples demonstrating their usage.

Example Sentences with Demonstrative Pronouns

Kazakh	Pronunciation	English
Бұл кітап.	Bul kitap.	This is a book.
Сол үй.	Sol uy.	That is a house.
Ол ағаш.	Ol agash.	It is a tree.
Бұл менің досым.	Bul meniń dosym.	This is my friend.
Сол менің үйім.	Sol meniń uyim.	That is my house.
Ол менің қалада.	Ol meniń qalada.	It is in my city.
Бұл гүл өте әдемі.	Bul gul öte ädemi.	This flower is very beautiful.
Сол көлік қайда?	Sol kölik qaida?	Where is that car?
Ол менің ата-анам.	Ol meniń ata-anam.	They are my parents.
Бұл жапырақ жасыл.	Bul japyraq jasyl.	This leaf is green.

As you can see from the examples, demonstrative pronouns are quite versatile and can be used in various contexts to convey different meanings. Practicing these sentences will help you become more comfortable using demonstrative pronouns in your conversations.

Practice Exercises

Now that we have covered the basics of demonstrative pronouns, let’s put your knowledge to the test! Below are ten exercises designed to help you practice using Kazakh demonstrative pronouns.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks

Complete the sentences with the appropriate demonstrative pronoun (Бұл, Сол, Ол).

1. ___ кітап өте қызықты. (This book is very interesting.)

2. ___ менің досым. (That is my friend.)

3. ___ машина жаңа. (It is a new car.)

4. ___ гүлдер әдемі. (These flowers are beautiful.)

5. ___ үй ескі. (That house is old.)

Answers:

1. Бұл

2. Ол

3. Бұл

4. Бұл

5. Сол

Exercise 2: Translate to Kazakh

Translate the following sentences into Kazakh using the correct demonstrative pronoun.

1. This is my house.

2. That tree is tall.

3. It is a beautiful day.

4. This friend is very kind.

5. That book is on the table.

Answers:

1. Бұл менің үйім.

2. Сол ағаш биік.

3. Ол өте әдемі күн.

4. Бұл досым өте мейірімді.

5. Сол кітап үстелде.

Exercise 3: Choose the Correct Pronoun

Select the correct demonstrative pronoun from the options provided.

1. ___ (Бұл / Ол) менің қалам.

2. ___ (Сол / Бұл) көлік өте жылдам.

3. ___ (Ол / Сол) менің әпкем.

4. ___ (Бұл / Сол) тамақ дәмді.

5. ___ (Ол / Бұл) гүлдер өте әдемі.

Answers:

1. Бұл

2. Сол

3. Ол

4. Бұл

5. Бұл

Exercise 4: Sentence Creation

Create sentences using the following prompts. Use the correct demonstrative pronoun.

1. (This) book is interesting.

2. (That) car is expensive.

3. (It) is my city.

4. (These) flowers are beautiful.

5. (That) house is old.

Answers:

1. Бұл кітап қызықты.

2. Сол көлік қымбат.

3. Ол менің қалам.

4. Бұл гүлдер әдемі.

5. Сол үй ескі.

Exercise 5: Matching Exercise

Match the Kazakh sentences with their English translations.

| Kazakh Sentence | English Translation |

|---|---|

| 1. Бұл менің досым. | a. It is a big tree. |

| 2. Сол үй жаңа. | b. This is my friend. |

| 3. Ол кітап қызықты. | c. That house is new. |

| 4. Бұл ағаш үлкен. | d. It is an interesting book. |

|

Answers:

1 - b

2 - c

3 - d

4 - a

Exercise 6: Short Answer Questions

Answer the following questions using demonstrative pronouns.

1. What is this? (pointing to a pen)

2. Where is that? (pointing to a building far away)

3. Who is he? (referring to a person nearby)

4. What flower is this? (pointing to a flower in front of you)

5. Where is that tree? (pointing to a distant tree)

Answers:

1. Бұл қалам.

2. Сол үй.

3. Ол мен.

4. Бұл гүл.

5. Ол ағаш.

Exercise 7: Rewrite the Sentences

Rewrite the following sentences substituting the demonstrative pronouns with the correct forms.

1. Оқу залында кітаптар бар. (There are books in the reading room.)

2. Ағаштар өте үлкен. (The trees are very big.)

3. Достарым мені күтуде. (My friends are waiting for me.)

4. Қандай тамақ дәмді! (What delicious food!)

5. Кітаптар үстелде жатыр. (The books are lying on the table.)

Answers:

1. Сол оқу залында кітаптар бар.

2. Бұл ағаштар өте үлкен.

3. Ол достарым мені күтуде.

4. Бұл қандай тамақ дәмді!

5. Бұл кітаптар үстелде жатыр.

Exercise 8: Describe the Pictures

Given a set of pictures (imagine or provide), describe each one using demonstrative pronouns.

Answers will vary based on pictures provided.

Exercise 9: True or False

Decide if the following statements are true or false based on demonstrative pronoun usage.

1. Бұл is used for something far away. (False)

2. Сол means 'that'. (True)

3. Ол can refer to something neutral or previously mentioned. (True)

4. This flower is beautiful can be translated to Сол гүл әдемі. (False)

5. This car is new can be translated to Бұл көлік жаңа. (True)

Answers:

1. False

2. True

3. True

4. False

5. True

Exercise 10: Group Discussion

Discuss in pairs or small groups using the demonstrative pronouns in conversation. Use prompts like:

• What is this? (pointing to an object)

• Where is that? (pointing to a person or object far away)

Answers will vary based on discussions.

Conclusion

Congratulations on completing this lesson on Kazakh demonstrative pronouns! By understanding and practicing these pronouns, you have taken another step toward mastering the Kazakh language. Remember to keep practicing by incorporating demonstrative pronouns into your everyday conversations. The more you use them, the more natural they will become in your speech. Keep up the great work, and let's continue this exciting journey together!

Table of Contents - Kazakh Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Kazakh Pronunciation

• Consonants
• Vowels
• Stress and Intonation

  ---

Greetings and Basic Expressions

• Meeting and Greeting
• Expressions for Asking Questions
• Numbers and Counting

  ---

Kazakh Cases

• Nominative Case
• Accusative Case
• Genitive Case
• Dative Case
• Locative Case
• Instrumental Case

  ---

Food and Drink

• Basic Food Vocabulary
• Restaurant Phrases
• Cooking Verbs

  ---

Verbs

• Present Tense
• Past Tense
• Future Tense
• Imperative Mood

  ---

Traditions and Customs

• Wedding Celebrations
• Festivals and Holidays
• Music and Dance
• Cuisine and Culinary Art

  ---

Family and Relationships

• Basic Family Vocabulary
• Romantic Relationships
• Friendship and Socializing

  ---

Adjectives

• Attributive and Predicative Adjectives
• Comparative and Superlative Degrees
• Possessive Adjectives

  ---

Traveling and Directions

• Transportation Vocabulary
• Asking for and Giving Directions
• Accommodation and Lodging

  ---

Pronouns

• Personal Pronouns
• Demonstrative Pronouns

  ---

Shopping and Consumerism

• Basic Shopping Vocabulary
• Sizes and Measurements
• Money and Payments

  ---

Art and Literature

• Famous Writers and Poets
• Folk Tales and Legends
• Visual Arts and Crafts

  ---

Adverbs

• General Adverbs
• Temporal Adverbs
• Modal Adverbs

  ---

Health and Medical Emergencies

• Basic Medical Vocabulary
• Expressions for Medical Emergencies

  ---

Sports and Recreation

• Popular Sports in Kazakhstan
• Traditional Games and Pastimes
• Entertainment and Nightlife

  ---

Prepositions and Postpositions

• Simple Prepositions
• Compound Prepositions and Postpositions

  ---

Nature and Environment

• Basic Nature Vocabulary
• Weather Expressions
• Ecology and Conservation Terms

Sources

• A Grammar of Kazakh Zura Dotton, Ph.D John Doyle Wagner
• Kazakh
• Kazakh Grammar - with Affix List
• English and Kazakh - Apertium

Other Lessons

• Simple Prepositions
• Consonants
• Modal Adverbs
• Present Tense
• Plurals
• Imperative Mood
• Instrumental Case
• Questions
• Possessive Adjectives

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