Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Philosophical-and-Religious-Texts

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"The Deluge", frontispiece to Gustave Doré's illustrated edition of the Bible

This is a list of the most famous philosophical and religious texts.

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Ancient Egyptian religion

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𓂋𓏤𓈒𓈒𓈒𓏌𓏤𓉐𓂋𓏏𓂻𓅓𓉔𓂋𓅱𓇳𓏤 / rw n(y)w prt m hrw(w)

Papyrus of Ani

English https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Papyrus_of_Ani

Ancient Greek religion

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Οδύσσεια

Odýsseia

The Odyssey recounts the return home of the hero Ulysses after the Trojan War, written by Homer. multiple languages https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%B4%CF%8D%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1
Ἰλιάς

Iliás

The poem describes the events of the tenth and final year of the siege of Troy by the Greeks, written by Homer. multiple languages https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%82
Θεογονία

Theogoníā

A poem by Hesiod that describes the origin of the gods of Greek mythology as they were born and formed in human perception, following the first observations with the Earth (Gaia), the rivers, the vast sea, the shining stars and the vast sky above from everything. multiple languages https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%B5%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1

Ancient Iranian religion

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شاهنامه

/ Šāhnāme

The Book of Kings

Persian, Arabic, English https://fa.wikisource.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87

Ancient Mesopotamian religion

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Epic of Gilgamesh

Epic poem from ancient Mesopotamia, regarded as the earliest surviving notable literature. It is a collection of legends and includes, among others, the famous myth of the Sumerian Flood. Hebrew, English, Portuguese https://he.wikisource.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%92%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94:%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%9E%D7%A9

Ancient Roman religion

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Metamorphoseon libri The Metamorphoses a Latin narrative poem from 8 CE by the Roman poet Ovid. The poem chronicles the history of the world from its creation to the deification of Julius Caesar in a mythico-historical framework comprising over 250 myths, 15 books, and 11,995 lines. multiple languages https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Metamorphoses_(Ovidius)
Fasti Ovid’s Fasti is an account of the Roman year and its religious festivals, consisting of 12 books, one to each month, of which the first six survive. The various festivals are described as they occur and are traced to their legendary origins. Latin https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Fasti

Aztec religion

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Chilám Balám The Chilam Balam are the sacred books of the Maya of Yucatan and were named after their last and greatest prophet. Chilam, or chilan, was his title which means that he was the mouth-piece or interpreter of the gods. Balam means jaguar, but it is also a common family name in Yucatan.

English https://www.holybooks.com/book-chilam-balam-chumayel/

Popol Vuh

Book of the Community

Popol Vuh is one full text books that from describes the Mayans creation myth, its epic tales of the Hero Twins Hunahpú and Xbalanqué and other spectacular  stories. The translations all origin from the Maya documents Spanish, Russian https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Popol_Vuh

English https://www.holybooks.com/popol-vuh/

Baháʼí Faith

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الكتاب الأقدس

/ al-Kitāb al-Aqdas

The Most Holy Book

English https://www.bahai.org/library/authoritative-texts/bahaullah/kitab-i-aqdas/

Buddhism

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वज्रच्छेदिकाप्रज्ञापारमितासूत्र / Vajracchedikāprajñāpāramitāsūtra

Diamond Sūtra

multiple languages https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Vajracchedik%C4%81_Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra

Tibetan https://tibetan.works/etext/reader.php?collection=kangyur&index=18

प्रज्ञापारमिताहृदय / Prajñāpāramitāhṛdaya

Heart Sūtra

सद्धर्मपुण्डरीकसूत्र / Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtram

Sūtra on the White Lotus of the True Dharma

Chinese Folk Religion

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山海經 / Shǎn Hǎi Jīng

Classic of Mountains and Seas

Chinese https://ctext.org/shan-hai-jing
拾遺記 / Shí Yí Jì

Record of Heretofore Lost Works

Chinese https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%8B%BE%E9%81%BA%E8%A8%98
封神演義 / Fēng Shén Yǎnyì

Investiture of the Gods

Chinese https://ctext.org/fengshen-yanyi
西遊記 / Xī Yóu Jì

Journey to the West

Chinese https://ctext.org/xiyouji

Chinese Legalism

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韓非子 / Hán Fēi Zǐ

Master Hán Fēi

Chinese https://ctext.org/hanfeizi
商君書 / Shāng Jūn Shū

The Book of Lord Shāng

Chinese, English https://ctext.org/shang-jun-shu
申不害 / Shēn Búhài Chinese, English https://ctext.org/shen-bu-hai
慎子 / Shèn Zǐ

Master Shèn

Chinese https://ctext.org/shenzi

Chinese Syncretism

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呂氏春秋 / Lǚshì Chūnqīu

Master Lǚ's Spring and Autumn Annals

Chinese https://ctext.org/lv-shi-chun-qiu
淮南子 / Huáinán Zǐ

Huáinán Masters

Chinese https://ctext.org/huainanzi

Christianity

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ביבליה‎

/ Biblia

Bible

multiple languages https://www.bible.com/languages

multiple languages https://christos-c.com/bible/

English, Chinese https://bible.org/article/net-bible-download

Daoism

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道德經 / Dàodé Jīng

Classic of the Way and Virtue

Chinese, English https://ctext.org/dao-de-jing
莊子 / Zhuāng Zǐ

Master Zhuāng

Chinese, English https://ctext.org/zhuangzi
列子 / Liè Zǐ

Master Liè

Chinese https://ctext.org/liezi

Empiricism

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An Essay Concerning Human Understanding The view that all concepts originate in experience, all concepts are about or applicable to things that can be experienced, or that all rationally acceptable beliefs or propositions are justifiable or knowable only through experience. This definition accords with the derivation of the term empiricism from the ancient Greek word empeiria, “experience.” Written by Thomas Aquinas. English, French https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/An_Essay_Concerning_Human_Understanding
A Treatise of Human Nature The Treatise is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, scepticism, and naturalism. Hume defends a sentimentalist account of morality, arguing that ethics is based on sentiment and the passions rather than reason, and famously declaring that "reason is, and ought only to be the slave to the passions". English, French https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Treatise_of_Human_Nature

Epicureanism

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Κύριαι Δόξαι / Kūriai Dóxai

Principal Doctrines

The basic principles of Epicurus philosophy Greek, French https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%94%CF%8C%CE%BE%CE%B1%CE%B9

English https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Principal_Doctrines

Hinduism

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रामायण / Rāmāyaṇa

'Rama's Journey

Sanskrit, Engish https://readramayana.org/
महाभारतम् / Mahābhāratam multiple languages https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D
पुराण / Purāṇa

Ancient

Sanskrit https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D

Islam

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القرآن

/ al-Qurʾān

The Recitation

Islam  "Submission [to God]" is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered

around the Quran, significant religious text and the teachings of Muhammad.

Adherents of Islam, called Muslims, number approximately 1.9 billion globally

and are the world's second-largest religious population after Christians.

multiple languages https://github.com/mirfatif/NoorUlHuda

multiple languages https://mp3quran.net/

multiple languages https://quran.com/

multiple languages http://qurandownload.com/

Arabic, English https://corpus.quran.com/

Sunni
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صحيح البخاري

/ Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī

Authentic Bukhari Collection

Arabic, Urdu, Bengali, English https://sunnah.com/bukhari

صحيح مسلم

/ Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim

Correct Muslim

Arabic, Urdu, Bengali, English https://sunnah.com/muslim

جامع الترمذي

/ Jamiʽ at-Tirmidhi

Well-Trodden Path

Arabic, Urdu, Bengali, English https://sunnah.com/tirmidhi

سنن أبي داود‎

/ Sunan Abī Dāwūd

Narrative of Abī Dāwūd

Arabic, Urdu, Bengali, English https://sunnah.com/abudawud

السنن الصغرى

/ al-Sunan al-Ṣughrā

The Minor Narrative

سُنن ابن ماجه

/ Sunan Ibn Mājah

Narrative of Ibn Mājah

Shia
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ٱلْكَافِي

/ al-Kāfī

The Sufficient

Arabic, English https://www.hubeali.com/online-books/online-english-books/

مَنْ لَا يَحْضُرُه ٱلْفَقِيه

/ Man lā Yaḥḍuruhu al-Faqīh

He Who has no Jurisprudent

تَهْذِيب ٱلَأَحْكَام فِي شَرْح ٱلْمُقْنِعَه

/ Tahdhib al-Ahkam fi Sharh al-Muqni'ah

Rectification of the Statutes in Explaining the Disguised

ٱلِٱسْتِبْصَار فِيمَا ٱخْتَلَف مِن ٱلْأَخْبَار

/ al-Istibsar fi-ma ikhtalafa min al-Akhbar

Reflection Upon the Disputed Traditions

Ibadi
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الجامع الصحيح

/ al-Jāmiʿ al-Ṣaḥīḥ

ترتيب المسند

/ Tartib al-Musnad

Jainism

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षट्खण्डागम / Ṣaṭkhaṅḍāgama

Scripture in Six Parts

Judaism

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תָּנָ״ךְ‎

/ Tānāḵ

Law-Prophets-Writings

Hebrew Bible

Hebrew, English https://www.sefaria.org/texts/Tanakh

Hebrew https://mechon-mamre.org/i/t/t0.htm

English https://jps.org/download-the-tanakh-1917-translation/

English https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0.htm

English https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/63255/jewish/The-Bible-with-Rashi.htm

French https://mechon-mamre.org/f/ft/ft0.htm

תַּלְמוּד‎

/ Talmūḏ

Instruction

Hebrew, English https://www.sefaria.org/texts/Talmud

Kantianism

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Critik der reinen Vernunft

Critique of Pure Reason

multiple languages https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Critik_der_reinen_Vernunft_(1781)

Machiavellianism

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Il Principe

The Prince

multiple languages https://it.wikisource.org/wiki/Il_Principe

Mohism

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墨子 / Mò Zǐ

Master Mò

Chinese, English https://ctext.org/mozi

Old Norse religion

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Sæmundar Edda

Poetic Edda

multiple languages https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Poetic_Edda
Snorra Edda

Prose Edda

multiple languages https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Prose_Edda
Der Nibelunge liet

The Song of the Nibelungs

English https://www.gutenberg.org/files/7321/7321-h/7321-h.htm
Bēowulf

Beowulf

English, French https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Beowulf

Peripatetic school (of Aristotle)

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Μεταφυσικά / Metàphusiká

Those after the Physics

Metaphysics

The work of Aristotle, the first scientific research on the first principles and causes (causality) from which different beings derive their essential existence. It is the first metaphysical book in history. multiple languages https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%86%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC
Πολιτικά / Politiká

Politics

Aristotle's treatise on the science of political life. The subject is approached from the point of view of the city-state, considering that it is the one that contributes to the most fulfilled life of the citizen. multiple languages https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC
Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια / Ēthika Nikomacheia

Nicomachean Ethics

It is one of three treatises that primarily analyze the forms and conditions of Aristotle's moral and intellectual virtue. multiple languages https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%97%CE%B8%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%9D%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1
Κατηγορίαι / Katēgoriai

Categories

Aristotle starts from the various abstract concepts - such as the color green, the concept tenderness, the concept low, slow, taste, and multiple - and tries to impose an order. He considers that each concept can be subordinated to a superior and thus arrives at the ten fundamental concepts which they call CATEGORIES multiple languages https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1%CE%B9

Platoism

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Φαίδων / Phaidōn

Platon

dialogues relating to the trial and execution of Socrates. multiple languages https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B4%CF%89%CE%BD

Renaissance humanism

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Moriae encomium

In Praise of Folly

multiple languages https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Moriae_encomium
Libellus vere aureus, nec minus salutaris quam festivus, de optimo rei publicae statu deque nova insula Utopia

A truly golden little book, not less beneficial than enjoyable, about how things should be in a state and about the new island Utopia

multiple languages https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Utopia

Ruism

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論語 / Lún Yǔ

Selected Sayings

Analects of Confucius

Chinese, English https://ctext.org/analects
孟子 / Mèng Zǐ

Master Mèng

Mencius

Chinese, English https://ctext.org/mengzi
荀子 / Xún Zǐ

Master Xún

Chinese https://ctext.org/xunzi
Old Text School
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春秋穀梁傳 / Chūnqiū Gǔliáng Zhuàn

Commentaries of Gǔliáng on the Spring and Autumn Annals

Chinese https://ctext.org/guliang-zhuan

Scholasticism

Thomism
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Summa Theologiae

Summary of Theology of Thomas Aquinas

Reasoning for almost all points of Christian theology in the West, topics of the Summa follow the following cycle: God. Creation, Man, Man's purpose, Christ, the Sacraments, and back to God. Latin, English, Spanish https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Summa_Theologiae

School of Diplomacy

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鬼谷子 / Guǐgǔ Zǐ

Master Guǐgǔ

Chinese https://ctext.org/gui-gu-zi
戰國策 / Zhàn Guó Cè

Strategies of the Warring States

Chinese https://ctext.org/zhan-guo-ce

School of Names

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公孫龍子 / Gōngsūn Lóng Zǐ

Master Gōngsūn Lóng

Chinese https://ctext.org/gongsunlongzi

School of Military

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孫子兵法 / Sūn Zǐ Bīng Fǎ

Master Sun's Military Methods

The Art of War

Chinese, English https://ctext.org/art-of-war
吳子 / Wú Zǐ

Master Wú

Chinese, English https://ctext.org/wu-zi

Shintō

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古事記 / Kojiki

Records of Ancient Matters

multiple languages https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E4%BA%8B%E8%A8%98
日本書紀 / Nihon Shoki

The Chronicles of Japan

multiple languages https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%9B%B8%E7%B4%80

Sikhism

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ਗੁਰੂ ਗਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ / Guru Granth Sahib Panjabi, English https://www.sikhnet.com/Siri-Guru-Granth-Sahib#tab-read

Stoicism

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Τὰ εἰς ἑαυτόν / Ta eis heauton

Things to One's Self

Meditations

Personal notes by Marc Aurele, written in Greek, addressed to himself and his ideas on Stoical philosophy. Greek, English https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BD

Zoroastrianism

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اوستا

/ Avesta 		Ιs an Iranian religion and one of the world's oldest organized faiths, based on the teachings of the Iranian-speaking prophet Zoroaster. Avesta is the primary collection of religious texts of Zoroastrianism, composed in the Avestan language.The Avesta texts fall into several different categories, arranged either by dialect, or by usage. The principal text in the liturgical group is the Yasna, which takes its name from the Yasna ceremony, Zoroastrianism's primary act of worship, and at which the Yasna text is recited. English http://avesta.org/

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