Language/Kazakh/Grammar/Demonstrative-Pronouns
As a Kazakh language teacher with 20 years of experience, I am excited to introduce you to the topic of demonstrative pronouns in Kazakh. Demonstrative pronouns are words that are used to point out or identify specific people or things. In this lesson, we will become familiar with the Kazakh demonstrative pronouns and their usage in pointing out and identifying objects and people. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of how to use demonstrative pronouns in Kazakh language.
Kazakh Demonstrative Pronouns
In Kazakh, there are three types of demonstrative pronouns: proximal, medial, and distal. The type of demonstrative pronoun to be used depends on the position of the object or person being referred to in relation to the speaker and the listener.
Here are the Kazakh demonstrative pronouns:
| Kazakh | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| бұл | būl | this |
| ол | ol | that (near the listener) |
| шығысқа | shïǵysqa | that (far from the listener) |
As you can see from the table, "бұл" (būl) means "this," "ол" (ol) means "that" when referring to an object or person near the listener, and "шығысқа" (shïǵysqa) means "that" when referring to an object or person far from the listener. It is important to note that the pronunciation of Kazakh words can be difficult for English speakers, but with practice, it becomes easier.
How to Use Demonstrative Pronouns in Kazakh
Demonstrative pronouns in Kazakh are used in the same way as in English. They are placed before a noun to indicate which object or person is being referred to. The table below shows some examples of how to use demonstrative pronouns in Kazakh:
| Kazakh | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| бұл қалқан | būl qalqan | this book |
| ол кітап | ol kitap | that book (near the listener) |
| шығысқа үлкен үй | shïǵysqa ïlken ïy | that big house (far from the listener) |
As you can see from the table, demonstrative pronouns are used to identify the noun being referred to. In the first example, "бұл" (būl) is used to indicate "this book." In the second example, "ол" (ol) is used to indicate "that book" when referring to an object or person near the listener. In the third example, "шығысқа" (shïǵysqa) is used to indicate "that big house" when referring to an object or person far from the listener.
Tips for Using Demonstrative Pronouns in Kazakh
Here are some tips to keep in mind when using demonstrative pronouns in Kazakh:
1. Choose the right type of demonstrative pronoun based on the location of the noun being referred to.
2. Always put the demonstrative pronoun before the noun.
3. Pay attention to the pronunciation of Kazakh words and practice them regularly.
Conclusion
In this lesson, we have become familiar with the Kazakh demonstrative pronouns and their usage in pointing out and identifying objects and people. By now, you should have a good understanding of how to use demonstrative pronouns in Kazakh. Keep practicing and using them in your everyday conversations, and you will become more confident in using them correctly.
Sources
- A Grammar of Kazakh Zura Dotton, Ph.D John Doyle Wagner
- Kazakh
- Kazakh Grammar - with Affix List
- English and Kazakh - Apertium