Language/Slovenian/Grammar/Conditional-and-future-tense
As a Slovenian language teacher with 20 years of experience, I will guide you through the fifth unit of the Complete 0 to A1 Slovenian course. This unit is focused on intermediate grammar and communication, specifically on the conditional and future tense in Slovenian. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to use these tenses in everyday conversation with ease.
The Conditional Tense
The conditional tense expresses a hypothetical or imaginary situation in the present or future. It is formed by combining the particle "bi" with the past participle of the verb.
Here's how to form the conditional tense in Slovenian:
| Slovenian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| bi + past participle | bee + past participle | would + past participle |
For example:
- Če bi imel/-a čas, bi šel/-a ven. (If I had time, I would go out.)
- Če bi me povabila/-l, bi prišel/-a. (If you invited me, I would come.)
When using the conditional tense, make sure to use the correct form of the past participle based on the gender and number of the subject.
Here are some additional examples:
- Če bi imela/mela časa, bi šla ven. (If I had time, I would go out.)
- Če bi imel/-a denarja, bi kupil/-a novo obleko. (If I had money, I would buy a new dress.)
- Če bi vedela/-l, bi rekla/-l. (If I knew, I would say.)
The Future Tense
The future tense describes an action that will happen in the future. It is formed by adding the appropriate ending to the verb stem.
Here's how to form the future tense in Slovenian:
| Slovenian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| Verb stem + appropriate ending | verb stem + appropriate ending | will + verb |
For example:
- Jutri grem v kino. (I am going to the cinema tomorrow.)
- Jutri bom šel/-a v kino. (I will go to the cinema tomorrow.)
Keep in mind that there are different forms and tenses used for different subjects and situations in Slovenian, so it's important to practice and become familiar with their correct use in conversation.
Examples
Here are some examples of the conditional and future tenses in context:
- Če bi videla/-l, kako lepo je tu, bi se vsak dan sprehajala/-l po parku. (If you saw how beautiful it is here, you would walk in the park every day.)
- Če bi bilo lepo vreme, bi šli na izlet. (If the weather was nice, we would go on a trip.)
- Spremembe bodo kmalu prišle. (Changes will come soon.)
- Če ne boš prenehal/-a kričati, te bom zapustil/-a. (If you don't stop scremaing, I will leave you.)
Practice Makes Perfect
To practice using the conditional and future tenses, try writing and speaking basic sentences with these tenses. Here are some prompts:
- Če bi imel/-a ves denar na svetu, kaj bi naredil/-a? (If you had all the money in the world, what would you do?)
- Kaj boš jutri počel/-a? (What will you do tomorrow?)
- Če ne bo deževalo, boš šel/-a na sprehod? (If it doesn't rain, will you go for a walk?)
- Kje boste v prihodnosti živeli/-a? (Where will you live in the future?)
Remember to use the correct forms and tenses based on the gender and number of the subject.
In conclusion, the conditional and future tenses are important grammatical tools for expressing hypothetical or future situations in Slovenian conversation. Practice using these tenses with different verbs and subjects to become more comfortable and fluent in their use. Keep up the good work and stay tuned for the next unit of the Complete 0 to A1 Slovenian course.
Other Lessons
- Conditional Mood
- Future Tense
- Adverbs and prepositions
- Conjugation of verbs in the present tense
- Pronouns and their use
- Gender
- Conjugation
- Conjugation of verbs in the past tense
- How to Use Be
- How to Use Have