Language/Georgian/Grammar/Nouns
Hi Georgian learners! ๐
In today's lesson, we will be discussing the basics of Georgian nouns. We will cover topics such as gender, number, and case. By the end of this lesson, you will have a better understanding of how to use nouns in Georgian.
Gender
Nouns in Georgian are either masculine or feminine. There is no neutral gender. To determine the gender of a noun, you must look at the ending of the word.
Masculine Nouns
Masculine nouns typically end in -i, -a, -e, -o, -u, -l, -m, -n, -r, -s, -t, -v, -z, -ch, -sh, -ts, -dz, -gh, -kh, -j, -p, -b, -f, -k, -h, -d, -g.
Examples:
- แแแแแ แ (magari) - car
- แแแแแแฃแขแแ แ (kompiuteri) - computer
- แกแแฎแแ (sakhli) - house
Feminine Nouns
Feminine nouns typically end in -a, -e, -i, -o, -u, -gh, -kh, -j, -p, -b, -f, -k, -h, -d, -g.
Examples:
- แฅแแ แแฃแแ (kartuli) - Georgian
- แแแกแแแ (masala) - spice
- แคแแฎแแฃแ แแ (fexburthi) - peach
Number
Nouns in Georgian can be singular or plural.
Singular Nouns
Singular nouns refer to one person, place, thing, or idea.
Examples:
- แแแแแ แ (magari) - car
- แแแแแแฃแขแแ แ (kompiuteri) - computer
- แกแแฎแแ (sakhli) - house
Plural Nouns
Plural nouns refer to more than one person, place, thing, or idea.
Examples:
- แแแแแ แแแ (magarebi) - cars
- แแแแแแฃแขแแ แแแ (kompiuterebi) - computers
- แกแแฎแแแแ (sakhlebi) - houses
Case
Nouns in Georgian can be in the nominative, dative, genitive, or accusative case.
Nominative Case
The nominative case is used for the subject of a sentence.
Examples:
- แแแแแ แ แแฅแแก (magari akvs) - The car has
- แแแแแแฃแขแแ แ แแฅแแก (kompiuteri akvs) - The computer has
- แกแแฎแแ แแฅแแก (sakhli akvs) - The house has
Dative Case
The dative case is used for the indirect object of a sentence.
Examples:
- แแแแแ แก แแ แแแ (magars me var) - I have the car
- แแแแแแฃแขแแ แก แแ แแแ (kompiuters me var) - I have the computer
- แกแแฎแแก แแ แแแ (sakhls me var) - I have the house
Genitive Case
The genitive case is used to show possession.
Examples:
- แแแแแ แแก แแแแฅแแแ (magaris mankana) - The car's engine
- แแแแแแฃแขแแ แแก แแแฌแงแแแแแแแ (kompiuteris mocxobilaoba) - The computer's power
- แกแแฎแแแก แคแแ แแแแ (sakhlis fartobi) - The house's size
Accusative Case
The accusative case is used for the direct object of a sentence.
Examples:
- แแแแแ แก แแแ แ (magars vart) - I want the car
- แแแแแแฃแขแแ แก แแแ แ (kompiuters vart) - I want the computer
- แกแแฎแแก แแแ แ (sakhls vart) - I want the house
If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. ๐
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- Gender
- The adverbial case
- Adverbial forms "to have breakfast, dinner, lunch and supper"
- Infinitives
- Transitive Verbs VS Intransitive Verbs
- Cases of Verbal Persons in Transitive Verbs