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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Odia|Odia]]  → [[Language/Odia/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Odia/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Adjectives and Descriptions → Basic Adjectives</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Odia|Odia]]  → [[Language/Odia/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Odia/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Basic Adjectives</div>
 
Welcome to the lesson on '''Basic Adjectives''' in the Odia language! Adjectives are essential in any language as they help us describe and give more detail about nouns. Whether you want to describe a beautiful sunset, a delicious meal, or a happy child, adjectives play a crucial role in making your communication more vivid and engaging.
 
In this lesson, we will explore some common adjectives in Odia, understand their usage, and practice them through various exercises. By the end, you will be able to enhance your vocabulary and describe people, places, and things in a more colorful way.


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== Importance of Adjectives ===


In this lesson, we will focus on learning basic adjectives in the Odia language. Adjectives are an essential part of any language as they allow us to describe and provide more information about nouns. By learning common adjectives in Odia, you will be able to express yourself more accurately and vividly in everyday conversations. This lesson is designed for complete beginners and will provide you with a solid foundation in using adjectives effectively in Odia.
Adjectives enrich our conversations and writings. They help convey emotions, qualities, and characteristics. Learning adjectives will allow you to express yourself more effectively in Odia. Remember, adjectives can vary in form depending on the noun they describe, and that’s what we will focus on today.


== Importance of Basic Adjectives ==
=== Structure of the Lesson ===


Adjectives play a crucial role in language as they help us express qualities, characteristics, and attributes of nouns. They allow us to add depth and detail to our sentences, making our communication more precise and engaging. By learning basic adjectives, you will be able to describe people, objects, places, and events more effectively in Odia.
1. '''Understanding Adjectives''': What are adjectives and their role in Odia.


Understanding adjectives is important for building your vocabulary and forming descriptive sentences. By learning how to use adjectives correctly, you will be able to convey your thoughts and opinions more accurately, and also understand the descriptions provided by others.
2. '''Common Adjectives''': A list of basic adjectives with examples.


== Lesson Structure ==
3. '''Usage of Adjectives''': How to use adjectives in sentences.


This lesson is divided into several sections to help you grasp the concept of basic adjectives in Odia. We will start with an introduction to the topic, followed by an explanation of how to use adjectives in sentences. We will then explore different categories of adjectives and provide you with examples and exercises to practice what you have learned. Finally, we will include a cultural section to give you insights into the regional variations and interesting facts related to adjectives in Odia.
4. '''Practice Exercises''': Scenarios and exercises to apply what you’ve learned.


Let's dive into the world of basic adjectives in Odia!
5. '''Solutions and Explanations''': Detailed solutions for the exercises.


== Understanding Adjectives ==
== Understanding Adjectives ==


Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns. They provide additional information about the noun they are associated with. In Odia, adjectives agree with the gender and number of the noun they describe. They usually come before the noun in a sentence.
Adjectives in Odia (ଅନୁସ୍ଥାନୀ) can describe qualities, quantities, and certain states of nouns. They help us provide a clearer picture of what we’re talking about. Here are some characteristics of adjectives in Odia:


For example:
* '''Gender Agreement''': Adjectives in Odia often change form based on the gender of the noun they modify (masculine, feminine, neuter).
* ସୁନ୍ଦର (sundara) - beautiful
* ବଡ଼ (baṛa) - big
* ସୁଖଦ (sukhada) - happy


In the following sections, we will explore different types of basic adjectives and how they are used in Odia sentences.
* '''Number Agreement''': They also vary according to the number (singular or plural) of the noun.


=== Colors ===
== Common Adjectives ==


Colors are a common category of adjectives that allow us to describe the appearance of objects. In Odia, colors are used in a similar way to English. Here are some common color adjectives in Odia:
Here’s a table of some common adjectives in Odia, along with their pronunciation and English translations:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Odia !! Pronunciation !! English
! Odia !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| କାଳିଆ (kaalia) || /kaːliɑː/ || black
 
| ସୁନ୍ଦର || sundara || beautiful
 
|-
|-
| ହଳଦିଆ (haldia) || /həldiɑː/ || yellow
 
| ବଡ || baḍa || big
 
|-
|-
| ନୀଳ (neela) || /niːlɑː/ || blue
 
| ଛୋଟ || chhoṭa || small
 
|-
|-
| ଲାଲ (lala) || /lɑːlɑː/ || red
 
| ଟାଣ୍ଡ || ṭāṇḍa || hot
 
|-
|-
| ସଫେଦ (safeda) || /səfedɑː/ || white
 
| ଥଣ୍ଡ || thāṇḍa || cold
 
|-
|-
| ପିଙ୍କ (pinka) || /piŋkɑː/ || pink
|}


Example sentences:
| ଦୀର୍ଘ || dīrgha || long
* ସୁର୍ଯ୍ୟ୍ୟ ନୀଳ ଅଛି। (Surya neela achhi.) - The sky is blue.
 
* ମୋ ପୁରୁଣ୍ଣା ଗାଢ଼ିଆ ଲାଲ ଗାଢ଼ିଆ ଅଛି। (Mo puruṇṇā gāṛhiā lāl gāṛhiā achhi.) - My old car is red.
|-


Now, let's move on to the next category of basic adjectives.
| କ୍ଷୁଦ୍ର || kṣudra || short


=== Sizes ===
|-


Sizes are another important category of adjectives that allow us to describe the physical dimensions of objects. In Odia, sizes are used in a similar way to English. Here are some common size adjectives in Odia:
| ମିଠା || miṭhā || sweet


{| class="wikitable"
! Odia !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ଛୋଟ (choṭa) || /tʃotɑː/ || small
 
| ଖଟିକ || khaṭika || bitter
 
|-
|-
| ବଡ଼ (baṛa) || /bəɽɑː/ || big
 
| ତିକ୍ତ || tikta || sour
 
|-
|-
| ଲମ୍ବା (lamba) || /lɔmbɑː/ || tall
 
| ଶାନ୍ତ || śānta || calm
 
|-
|-
| ପତଳ (patala) || /pɔtɔlɔː/ || thin
 
| ଚନ୍ଦ୍ରମା || chandramā || moonlit
 
|-
|-
| ମୋଟ (moṭa) || /motɑː/ || fat
 
| ଶୀତଳ || śītala || cool
 
|-
|-
| ଛୁଟି (chuṭi) || /tʃuti/ || short
|}


Example sentences:
| ଝିଅ ଓ || jhi'a o || young
* ମାଧୁରୀ ଏକ ଛୋଟ ବାଲକ। (Mādhurī eka choṭa bālaka.) - Madhuri is a small boy.
* ତାରଙ୍ଗ ହେମା ଏକ ଲମ୍ବା ମହିଳା। (Tāraṅga hemā eka lambā mahilā.) - Taranga is a tall woman.


Now that we have learned about colors and sizes, let's explore another category of basic adjectives.
|-


=== Qualities ===
| ବୃଦ୍ଧ || vṛddha || old


Qualities are adjectives that describe the characteristics or attributes of nouns. They help us express opinions, judgments, and observations. In Odia, qualities are used to describe people, objects, and situations. Here are some common quality adjectives in Odia:
|-
 
| ନୂତନ || nūtana || new


{| class="wikitable"
! Odia !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ସୁନ୍ଦର (sundara) || /sundɔrɔ/ || beautiful
 
| ସାଧାରଣ || sādhāraṇa || common
 
|-
|-
| ଭଲ (bhala) || /bʱɔlɔ/ || good
 
| ଅଦ୍ଭୁତ || adbhuta || wonderful
 
|-
|-
| ଖରାପ (kharapa) || /kʰɔrɔpɔ/ || bad
 
| କଳା || kaḷā || black
 
|-
|-
| ସୁଖଦ (sukhada) || /sukʰɔdɔ/ || happy
 
| ଧଳା || dhaḷā || white
 
|-
|-
| ଦୁଖଦ (dukhada) || /d̪ukʰɔd̪ɔ/ || sad
 
|-
| ଲାଲ || lāla || red
| ସୁନ୍ଦରୀ (sundari) || /sundɔri/ || beautiful (feminine)
 
|}
|}


Example sentences:
== Usage of Adjectives ==
* ଛୋଟା ମାଧୁରୀ ଏକ ସୁନ୍ଦରୀ ମହିଳା। (Choṭā mādhurī eka sundarī mahilā.) - Little Madhuri is a beautiful woman.
 
* ମୋ ବହୁତ ଭଲ ବନିଷ୍ଠ ସଙ୍ଗୀ। (Mo bahuta bhalabaniṣṭha saṅgī.) - My very good friend.
Using adjectives in Odia sentences is quite straightforward. Here are some examples to illustrate how adjectives are combined with nouns:
 
1. '''Structure''': [Noun] + [Adjective]
 
* Example:  
 
* '''ସୁନ୍ଦର ବାଗିଚା''' (sundara bāgichā) - Beautiful garden
 
* '''ବଡ ଘର''' (baḍa ghara) - Big house


Now that we have explored different categories of basic adjectives, let's move on to some exercises to practice what we have learned.
2. '''Agreement''': Ensure that the adjective matches the gender and number of the noun.


== Exercises ==
* Example:


1. Choose the correct adjective to complete the sentence:
* '''ସୁନ୍ଦର ଝିଅ''' (sundara jhi'a) - Beautiful girl (feminine)


a) ତାରଙ୍ଗ ଏକ _____ ପୁରୁଷ। (Tāraṅga eka _____ puruṣa.)
* '''ସୁନ୍ଦର ବୁଜୁରୁଗ''' (sundara bujuruga) - Beautiful boy (masculine)
1. ବୃଦ୍ଧ (bruddha) - old
2. ନୂତନ (nūtana) - new
3. ସୁନ୍ଦର (sundara) - beautiful


b) ମୋ ଛୋଟ ମୋଟା ବହାଣା। (Mo choṭa moṭā bahāṇā.)
3. '''Positioning''': In Odia, adjectives typically come before the nouns they describe.
1. ଛୋଟ (choṭa) - small
2. ମୋଟ (moṭa) - big
3. ଲମ୍ବା (lamba) - tall


2. Translate the following sentences into Odia:
== Practice Exercises ==


a) The house is beautiful.
Now that we’ve covered the basics, let's move on to some practice exercises. These will help you apply what you’ve learned about adjectives in Odia.


b) My sister is happy.
=== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ===


== Solutions ==
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate adjective from the list below:


1. a) 3. ସୁନ୍ଦର (sundara) - beautiful
* (ସୁନ୍ଦର, ବଡ, ଛୋଟ)
  b) 1. ଛୋଟ (choṭa) - small


2. a) ମନ୍ଦିରଟା ସୁନ୍ଦର। (Mandirṭā sundara.)
1. ମୋର ବାଗିଚା __________ (My garden is __________).
  b) ମୋ ବହେଣୀ ସୁଖଦ। (Mo baheni sukhada.)


Now that we have completed the exercises, let's move on to the cultural section to learn more about the regional variations and interesting facts related to adjectives in Odia.
2. ସେ __________ ଘର ରଖେ (He has a __________ house).


== Cultural Insights ==
=== Exercise 2: Match the Adjective with the Noun ===


Odia, also known as Odia, is the official language of the Indian state of Odisha. It is a rich and vibrant language with a long history and diverse cultural influences. The use of adjectives in Odia varies depending on the region and the context in which it is used.
Match the adjectives with the appropriate nouns:


In Odisha, different regions have their own variations in the usage and understanding of adjectives. For example, in the coastal regions, there is a strong influence of the Jagannath culture, which has its own unique vocabulary and expressions. The people of this region often use adjectives to describe the deities and rituals associated with the Jagannath temple.
| Adjectives  | Nouns        |


Historically, Odia has been influenced by Sanskrit, which has shaped its grammar and vocabulary. Many adjectives in Odia have Sanskrit origins, giving the language a rich and diverse range of descriptive words. This influence can be seen in the use of complex compounds and poetic expressions in Odia literature.
|-------------|--------------|


Odia literature has a long and illustrious history, with many renowned poets and writers contributing to its development. Adjectives play a crucial role in Odia poetry, allowing poets to create vivid and evocative descriptions. The use of adjectives in Odia poetry is often highly creative and imaginative, adding depth and beauty to the verses.
| 1. ମିଠା    | A. ବାଗିଚା  |


Now that we have explored the cultural aspects of adjectives in Odia, let's conclude this lesson with a summary of what we have learned.
| 2. ବୃଦ୍ଧ  | B. ଘର      |


== Summary ==
| 3. ସୁନ୍ଦର  | C. ଦେଖା    |


In this lesson, we have learned about basic adjectives in Odia and how to use them to describe nouns. We started by understanding the importance of adjectives in language and their role in expressing qualities and characteristics. We then explored different categories of adjectives, including colors, sizes, and qualities, and provided examples to illustrate their usage in Odia sentences.
=== Exercise 3: Create Sentences ===


We also included exercises to practice what you have learned, allowing you to apply your knowledge and enhance your understanding of basic adjectives in Odia. Finally, we delved into the cultural aspects of adjectives in Odia, exploring regional variations and historical influences on the language.
Create sentences using the following adjectives:


By mastering basic adjectives, you will be able to describe people, objects, and situations more effectively in Odia. Keep practicing and expanding your vocabulary to enhance your communication skills in the language.
1. ନୂତନ (New)


We hope you enjoyed this lesson on basic adjectives in Odia. Stay tuned for more lessons in our "Complete 0 to A1 Odia Course." Happy learning!
2. କଳା (Black)
 
3. ଶୀତଳ (Cool)
 
=== Exercise 4: True or False ===
 
Determine if the following statements are true or false:
 
1. Adjectives come after nouns in Odia.
 
2. The adjective should match the gender of the noun.
 
=== Exercise 5: Translate the Sentences ===
 
Translate the following English sentences into Odia using adjectives:
 
1. The big tree is beautiful.
 
2. She has a sweet voice.
 
=== Exercise 6: Identify the Adjective ===
 
Read the sentence and identify the adjective:
 
* ସେ ବଡ ଘରରେ ରହେ (He lives in a big house).
 
=== Exercise 7: Describe a Picture ===
 
Look at a picture of a landscape and describe it using at least five adjectives in Odia.
 
=== Exercise 8: Adjective Transformation ===
 
Transform the following adjectives to match the noun:
 
1. ବୃଦ୍ଧ (Old) → __________ (for a female noun)
 
2. ନୂତନ (New) → __________ (for plural nouns)
 
=== Exercise 9: Fill in the Missing Adjective ===
 
Fill in the missing adjective in the sentence:
 
* ସେ ତିକ୍ତ __________ (He eats __________ fruits).
 
=== Exercise 10: Write a Short Paragraph ===
 
Write a short paragraph (3-5 sentences) about your favorite place using at least three adjectives.
 
== Solutions and Explanations ==
 
Now let’s go through the solutions for each exercise to ensure that the concepts are clear.
 
=== Solution for Exercise 1 ===
 
1. '''ସୁନ୍ଦର''' (beautiful)
 
2. '''ବଡ''' (big)
 
=== Solution for Exercise 2 ===
 
1 - A
 
2 - B
 
3 - C
 
=== Solution for Exercise 3 ===
 
1. ମୋର ନୂତନ ବାଗିଚା ଅଛି (I have a new garden).
 
2. ସେ ଏକ କଳା ବୁକ୍ ଧରିଛି (She is wearing a black dress).
 
3. ଏହି ପାଣି ଶୀତଳ ଅଟେ (This water is cool).
 
=== Solution for Exercise 4 ===
 
1. False
 
2. True
 
=== Solution for Exercise 5 ===
 
1. ବଡ ଗଛ ସୁନ୍ଦର (The big tree is beautiful).
 
2. ସେ ମିଠା ଗାୟନ କରେ (She has a sweet voice).
 
=== Solution for Exercise 6 ===
 
Adjective: '''ବଡ''' (big)
 
=== Solution for Exercise 7 ===
 
(Responses will vary based on the picture described.)
 
=== Solution for Exercise 8 ===
 
1. ବୃଦ୍ଧା (for a female noun)
 
2. ନୂତନ (remains the same for plural)
 
=== Solution for Exercise 9 ===
 
'''ମିଠା''' (sweet)
 
=== Solution for Exercise 10 ===
 
(Responses will vary based on individual writing.)
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson on basic adjectives in Odia! Remember, practice is key to mastering any language, so keep using these adjectives in your daily conversations.  


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==Sources==
==Sources==

Latest revision as of 10:13, 2 August 2024

◀️ Describing Relationships — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Comparatives and Superlatives ▶️

Odia-Language-PolyglotClub.png
OdiaGrammar0 to A1 Course → Basic Adjectives

Welcome to the lesson on Basic Adjectives in the Odia language! Adjectives are essential in any language as they help us describe and give more detail about nouns. Whether you want to describe a beautiful sunset, a delicious meal, or a happy child, adjectives play a crucial role in making your communication more vivid and engaging.

In this lesson, we will explore some common adjectives in Odia, understand their usage, and practice them through various exercises. By the end, you will be able to enhance your vocabulary and describe people, places, and things in a more colorful way.

Importance of Adjectives[edit | edit source]

Adjectives enrich our conversations and writings. They help convey emotions, qualities, and characteristics. Learning adjectives will allow you to express yourself more effectively in Odia. Remember, adjectives can vary in form depending on the noun they describe, and that’s what we will focus on today.

Structure of the Lesson[edit | edit source]

1. Understanding Adjectives: What are adjectives and their role in Odia.

2. Common Adjectives: A list of basic adjectives with examples.

3. Usage of Adjectives: How to use adjectives in sentences.

4. Practice Exercises: Scenarios and exercises to apply what you’ve learned.

5. Solutions and Explanations: Detailed solutions for the exercises.

Understanding Adjectives[edit | edit source]

Adjectives in Odia (ଅନୁସ୍ଥାନୀ) can describe qualities, quantities, and certain states of nouns. They help us provide a clearer picture of what we’re talking about. Here are some characteristics of adjectives in Odia:

  • Gender Agreement: Adjectives in Odia often change form based on the gender of the noun they modify (masculine, feminine, neuter).
  • Number Agreement: They also vary according to the number (singular or plural) of the noun.

Common Adjectives[edit | edit source]

Here’s a table of some common adjectives in Odia, along with their pronunciation and English translations:

Odia Pronunciation English
ସୁନ୍ଦର sundara beautiful
ବଡ baḍa big
ଛୋଟ chhoṭa small
ଟାଣ୍ଡ ṭāṇḍa hot
ଥଣ୍ଡ thāṇḍa cold
ଦୀର୍ଘ dīrgha long
କ୍ଷୁଦ୍ର kṣudra short
ମିଠା miṭhā sweet
ଖଟିକ khaṭika bitter
ତିକ୍ତ tikta sour
ଶାନ୍ତ śānta calm
ଚନ୍ଦ୍ରମା chandramā moonlit
ଶୀତଳ śītala cool
ଝିଅ ଓ jhi'a o young
ବୃଦ୍ଧ vṛddha old
ନୂତନ nūtana new
ସାଧାରଣ sādhāraṇa common
ଅଦ୍ଭୁତ adbhuta wonderful
କଳା kaḷā black
ଧଳା dhaḷā white
ଲାଲ lāla red

Usage of Adjectives[edit | edit source]

Using adjectives in Odia sentences is quite straightforward. Here are some examples to illustrate how adjectives are combined with nouns:

1. Structure: [Noun] + [Adjective]

  • Example:
  • ସୁନ୍ଦର ବାଗିଚା (sundara bāgichā) - Beautiful garden
  • ବଡ ଘର (baḍa ghara) - Big house

2. Agreement: Ensure that the adjective matches the gender and number of the noun.

  • Example:
  • ସୁନ୍ଦର ଝିଅ (sundara jhi'a) - Beautiful girl (feminine)
  • ସୁନ୍ଦର ବୁଜୁରୁଗ (sundara bujuruga) - Beautiful boy (masculine)

3. Positioning: In Odia, adjectives typically come before the nouns they describe.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that we’ve covered the basics, let's move on to some practice exercises. These will help you apply what you’ve learned about adjectives in Odia.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate adjective from the list below:

  • (ସୁନ୍ଦର, ବଡ, ଛୋଟ)

1. ମୋର ବାଗିଚା __________ (My garden is __________).

2. ସେ __________ ଘର ରଖେ (He has a __________ house).

Exercise 2: Match the Adjective with the Noun[edit | edit source]

Match the adjectives with the appropriate nouns:

| Adjectives | Nouns |

|-------------|--------------|

| 1. ମିଠା | A. ବାଗିଚା |

| 2. ବୃଦ୍ଧ | B. ଘର |

| 3. ସୁନ୍ଦର | C. ଦେଖା |

Exercise 3: Create Sentences[edit | edit source]

Create sentences using the following adjectives:

1. ନୂତନ (New)

2. କଳା (Black)

3. ଶୀତଳ (Cool)

Exercise 4: True or False[edit | edit source]

Determine if the following statements are true or false:

1. Adjectives come after nouns in Odia.

2. The adjective should match the gender of the noun.

Exercise 5: Translate the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following English sentences into Odia using adjectives:

1. The big tree is beautiful.

2. She has a sweet voice.

Exercise 6: Identify the Adjective[edit | edit source]

Read the sentence and identify the adjective:

  • ସେ ବଡ ଘରରେ ରହେ (He lives in a big house).

Exercise 7: Describe a Picture[edit | edit source]

Look at a picture of a landscape and describe it using at least five adjectives in Odia.

Exercise 8: Adjective Transformation[edit | edit source]

Transform the following adjectives to match the noun:

1. ବୃଦ୍ଧ (Old) → __________ (for a female noun)

2. ନୂତନ (New) → __________ (for plural nouns)

Exercise 9: Fill in the Missing Adjective[edit | edit source]

Fill in the missing adjective in the sentence:

  • ସେ ତିକ୍ତ __________ (He eats __________ fruits).

Exercise 10: Write a Short Paragraph[edit | edit source]

Write a short paragraph (3-5 sentences) about your favorite place using at least three adjectives.

Solutions and Explanations[edit | edit source]

Now let’s go through the solutions for each exercise to ensure that the concepts are clear.

Solution for Exercise 1[edit | edit source]

1. ସୁନ୍ଦର (beautiful)

2. ବଡ (big)

Solution for Exercise 2[edit | edit source]

1 - A

2 - B

3 - C

Solution for Exercise 3[edit | edit source]

1. ମୋର ନୂତନ ବାଗିଚା ଅଛି (I have a new garden).

2. ସେ ଏକ କଳା ବୁକ୍ ଧରିଛି (She is wearing a black dress).

3. ଏହି ପାଣି ଶୀତଳ ଅଟେ (This water is cool).

Solution for Exercise 4[edit | edit source]

1. False

2. True

Solution for Exercise 5[edit | edit source]

1. ବଡ ଗଛ ସୁନ୍ଦର (The big tree is beautiful).

2. ସେ ମିଠା ଗାୟନ କରେ (She has a sweet voice).

Solution for Exercise 6[edit | edit source]

Adjective: ବଡ (big)

Solution for Exercise 7[edit | edit source]

(Responses will vary based on the picture described.)

Solution for Exercise 8[edit | edit source]

1. ବୃଦ୍ଧା (for a female noun)

2. ନୂତନ (remains the same for plural)

Solution for Exercise 9[edit | edit source]

ମିଠା (sweet)

Solution for Exercise 10[edit | edit source]

(Responses will vary based on individual writing.)

Congratulations on completing this lesson on basic adjectives in Odia! Remember, practice is key to mastering any language, so keep using these adjectives in your daily conversations.

Table of Contents - Odia Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Odia Alphabet


Odia Syllables and Words


Basic Greetings and Phrases


Simple Sentences


Numbers and Time


Questions and Interrogatives


Family and Relationships


Adjectives and Descriptions


Food and Dining


Verbs and Actions


Travel and Transportation


Pronouns and Possession


Weather and Seasons


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Odia Festivals and Celebrations


Odia Art and Music

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]




◀️ Describing Relationships — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Comparatives and Superlatives ▶️