Difference between revisions of "Language/Russian/Grammar/Prepositional-Case"

Latest revision as of 23:32, 16 June 2023

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Russian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Russian Nouns and Gender → Prepositional Case

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Welcome to the lesson on the Russian Prepositional case! In this lesson, we will explore the basics of the Prepositional case, one of the six cases in the Russian language. Understanding the Prepositional case is essential for expressing location, describing objects, and indicating the subject of a preposition. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to form and use nouns in the Prepositional case correctly.

What is the Prepositional Case?[edit | edit source]

The Prepositional case, also known as the Locative case, is used to indicate location or position. It is used after prepositions and certain verbs that require the Prepositional case. In English, the Prepositional case is often translated as "in," "on," or "at."

Forming the Prepositional Case[edit | edit source]

To form the Prepositional case, we need to understand the concept of noun declension. Nouns in Russian change their endings depending on their gender, number, and case. In the Prepositional case, the endings of nouns are determined by their gender and number.

Masculine Nouns[edit | edit source]

In the Prepositional case, singular masculine nouns ending in a consonant or "-й" change their ending to "-е." For example:

Russian	Pronunciation	English
дом	dom	house
враче	vrache	doctor
папе	pape	father
месяце	mesyatse	month

Singular masculine nouns ending in "-а" or "-я" replace the "-а" or "-я" with "-е" in the Prepositional case. For example:

Russian	Pronunciation	English
парк	park	park
день	den'	day
чай	chay	tea

Feminine Nouns[edit | edit source]

In the Prepositional case, singular feminine nouns ending in "-а" or "-я" change their ending to "-е." For example:

Russian	Pronunciation	English
книга	kniga	book
неделя	nedelya	week
машина	mashina	car

Singular feminine nouns ending in "-ь" replace the "-ь" with "-и" in the Prepositional case. For example:

Russian	Pronunciation	English
ночь	noch'	night
дверь	dver'	door
мышь	mysh'	mouse

Neuter Nouns[edit | edit source]

In the Prepositional case, singular neuter nouns ending in "-о" or "-е" change their ending to "-е." For example:

Russian	Pronunciation	English
окно	okno	window
море	more	sea
молоко	moloko	milk

Plural Nouns[edit | edit source]

In the Prepositional case, plural nouns usually end in "-ах," "-ях," "-ях," or "-ах." For example:

Russian	Pronunciation	English
друзьях	druzyakh	friends
домах	domakh	houses
книгах	knigakh	books

Using the Prepositional Case[edit | edit source]

Now that we understand how to form nouns in the Prepositional case, let's explore how to use the Prepositional case in sentences.

Indicating Location[edit | edit source]

One of the main uses of the Prepositional case is to indicate location. In English, this is often translated as "in," "on," or "at." Here are some examples:

Я живу в Москве. (Ya zhivu v Moskve.) - I live in Moscow.
Книга лежит на столе. (Kniga lezhit na stole.) - The book is on the table.
Я работаю в офисе. (Ya rabotayu v ofise.) - I work in the office.

In each of these examples, the nouns "Москва" (Moscow), "стол" (table), and "офис" (office) are in the Prepositional case because they indicate the location or position.

Describing Objects[edit | edit source]

The Prepositional case is also used to describe objects or to express possession. Here are some examples:

У меня есть время на прогулку. (U menya est' vremya na progulku.) - I have time for a walk.
Я хочу чашку с кофе. (Ya khochu chashku s kofe.) - I want a cup of coffee.
Она купила букет с цветами. (Ona kupila buket s tsvetami.) - She bought a bouquet of flowers.

In these examples, the nouns "время" (time), "чашка" (cup), and "букет" (bouquet) are in the Prepositional case because they describe the object or express possession.

Subject of a Preposition[edit | edit source]

The Prepositional case is also used when the noun is the subject of a preposition. Here are some examples:

Я говорю о работе. (Ya govoryu o rabote.) - I'm talking about work.
Он думает о будущем. (On dumayet o budushchem.) - He's thinking about the future.
Она мечтает о путешествии. (Ona mechtayet o puteshestvii.) - She dreams about traveling.

In these examples, the nouns "работа" (work), "будущее" (future), and "путешествие" (traveling) are in the Prepositional case because they are the subject of the prepositions "о" (about).

Summary[edit | edit source]

In this lesson, we have explored the basics of the Russian Prepositional case. We learned how to form nouns in the Prepositional case based on their gender and number. We also discussed how to use the Prepositional case to indicate location, describe objects, and express the subject of a preposition. Understanding the Prepositional case is essential for expressing yourself accurately in Russian.

Now that you have a good grasp of the Prepositional case, why not practice using it in everyday conversations? Remember, the more you practice, the more confident you will become in using the Prepositional case correctly.

Table of Contents - Russian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Course Presentation

Alphabet and Pronunciation

Basic Phrases and Greetings

Nouns and Gender

Numbers and Time

Cases and Prepositions

Family and Relationships

Verbs and Conjugation

Food and Dining

Russian Traditions and Holidays

Travel and Transportation

Adjectives and Adverbs

Hobbies and Leisure Activities

Russian Literature and Arts

Videos[edit | edit source]

Russian Cases - Usage of the Prepositional - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Beginning Russian: Prepositional Case: Endings of Adjectives and ...[edit | edit source]

Russian Cases - Nouns in the Prepositional - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Beginning Russian I: Prepositional Case: Preposition ABOUT (О ...[edit | edit source]

Russian Cases: The Prepositional Case of Modifiers - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Sources[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

◀️ Nominative Case — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Family Members ▶️

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 {{Russian-Page-Top}}
-<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Russian|Russian]]  → [[Language/Russian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Russian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Cases and Prepositions → Prepositional Case</div>
+<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Russian|Russian]]  → [[Language/Russian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Russian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Russian Nouns and Gender → Prepositional Case</div>
 __TOC__
@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 == Introduction ==
-Welcome to the lesson on the prepositional case in Russian! In this lesson, we will explore the prepositional case, which is used to indicate location or to talk about something in more detail. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to understand and use the prepositional case correctly in your Russian sentences.
+Welcome to the lesson on the Russian Prepositional case! In this lesson, we will explore the basics of the Prepositional case, one of the six cases in the Russian language. Understanding the Prepositional case is essential for expressing location, describing objects, and indicating the subject of a preposition. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to form and use nouns in the Prepositional case correctly.
-The prepositional case is the sixth case in the Russian language, and it has its own unique set of rules and endings for nouns, adjectives, and pronouns. Understanding and using the prepositional case correctly is essential for expressing location and providing additional information about objects or people in Russian.
+== What is the Prepositional Case? ==
-Let's dive into the fascinating world of the prepositional case and discover how it can enhance your Russian language skills!
+The Prepositional case, also known as the Locative case, is used to indicate location or position. It is used after prepositions and certain verbs that require the Prepositional case. In English, the Prepositional case is often translated as "in," "on," or "at."
-== Nouns in the Prepositional Case ==
+== Forming the Prepositional Case ==
-When a noun is in the prepositional case, it is used to indicate location or to provide more detailed information about something. The prepositional case endings for nouns depend on the gender and number of the noun.
+To form the Prepositional case, we need to understand the concept of noun declension. Nouns in Russian change their endings depending on their gender, number, and case. In the Prepositional case, the endings of nouns are determined by their gender and number.
 === Masculine Nouns ===
-Masculine singular nouns in the prepositional case usually end in "-е" or "-у". Here are some examples:
+In the Prepositional case, singular masculine nouns ending in a consonant or "-й" change their ending to "-е." For example:
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| доме || doh-meh || in the house
+| дом || dom || house
 |-
-| городе || goh-roh-deh || in the city
+| враче || vrache || doctor
 |-
-| парке || pahr-keh || in the park
+| папе || pape || father
+|-
+| месяце || mesyatse || month
 |}
-Masculine plural nouns in the prepositional case end in "-ах" or "-ях". Here are some examples:
+Singular masculine nouns ending in "-а" or "-я" replace the "-а" or "-я" with "-е" in the Prepositional case. For example:
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| домах || doh-mahkh || in the houses
+| парк || park || park
 |-
-| городах || goh-roh-dahkh || in the cities
+| день || den' || day
 |-
-| парках || pahr-kahkh || in the parks
+| чай || chay || tea
 |}
 === Feminine Nouns ===
-Feminine singular nouns in the prepositional case usually end in "-е" or "-и". Here are some examples:
+In the Prepositional case, singular feminine nouns ending in "-а" or "-я" change their ending to "-е." For example:
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| книге || knee-ge || in the book
+| книга || kniga || book
 |-
-| улице || oo-lee-tseh || on the street
+| неделя || nedelya || week
 |-
-| столице || stoh-lee-tseh || in the capital city
+| машина || mashina || car
 |}
-Feminine plural nouns in the prepositional case end in "-ах" or "-ях". Here are some examples:
+Singular feminine nouns ending in "-ь" replace the "-ь" with "-и" in the Prepositional case. For example:
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| книгах || knee-gahkh || in the books
+| ночь || noch' || night
 |-
-| улицах || oo-lee-tsahkh || on the streets
+| дверь || dver' || door
 |-
-| столицах || stoh-lee-tsahkh || in the capital cities
+| мышь || mysh' || mouse
 |}
 === Neuter Nouns ===
-Neuter singular nouns in the prepositional case usually end in "-е" or "-и". Here are some examples:
+In the Prepositional case, singular neuter nouns ending in "-о" or "-е" change their ending to "-е." For example:
-{| class="wikitable"
-! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
-|-
-| окне || ohk-neh || in the window
-|-
-| море || moh-reh || in the sea
-|-
-| поле || poh-leh || in the field
-|}
-Neuter plural nouns in the prepositional case end in "-ах" or "-ях". Here are some examples:
-{| class="wikitable"
-! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
-|-
-| окнах || ohk-nahkh || in the windows
-|-
-| морях || moh-ryahkh || in the seas
-|-
-| полях || poh-lyahkh || in the fields
-|}
-== Adjectives in the Prepositional Case ==
-When an adjective is used in conjunction with a noun in the prepositional case, it also takes the prepositional case endings. The endings for adjectives in the prepositional case are the same as those for the corresponding nouns.
-Let's look at some examples:
-=== Masculine Adjectives ===
-Masculine singular adjectives in the prepositional case usually end in "-ом" or "-ем". Here are some examples:
-{| class="wikitable"
-! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
-|-
-| хорошем || hah-roh-shehm || in the good
-|-
-| большем || bohl'-shehm || in the big
-|-
-| новом || noh-vohm || in the new
-|}
-Masculine plural adjectives in the prepositional case end in "-их" or "-ых". Here are some examples:
-{| class="wikitable"
-! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
-|-
-| хороших || hah-roh-see-kh || in the good
-|-
-| больших || bohl'-sheekh || in the big
-|-
-| новых || noh-vihkh || in the new
-|}
-=== Feminine Adjectives ===
-Feminine singular adjectives in the prepositional case usually end in "-ой" or "-ей". Here are some examples:
-{| class="wikitable"
-! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
-|-
-| хорошей || hah-roh-shehj || in the good
-|-
-| большей || bohl'-shehj || in the big
-|-
-| новой || noh-vohj || in the new
-|}
-Feminine plural adjectives in the prepositional case end in "-их" or "-ых". Here are some examples:
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| хороших || hah-roh-see-kh || in the good
+| окно || okno || window
 |-
-| больших || bohl'-sheekh || in the big
+| море || more || sea
 |-
-| новых || noh-vihkh || in the new
+| молоко || moloko || milk
 |}
-=== Neuter Adjectives ===
+=== Plural Nouns ===
-Neuter singular adjectives in the prepositional case usually end in "-ом" or "-ем". Here are some examples:
+In the Prepositional case, plural nouns usually end in "-ах," "-ях," "-ях," or "-ах." For example:
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| хорошем || hah-roh-shehm || in the good
+| друзьях || druzyakh || friends
 |-
-| большем || bohl'-shehm || in the big
+| домах || domakh || houses
 |-
-| новом || noh-vohm || in the new
+| книгах || knigakh || books
-|}
-Neuter plural adjectives in the prepositional case end in "-их" or "-ых". Here are some examples:
-{| class="wikitable"
-! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
-|-
-| хороших || hah-roh-see-kh || in the good
-|-
-| больших || bohl'-sheekh || in the big
-|-
-| новых || noh-vihkh || in the new
-|}
-== Pronouns in the Prepositional Case ==
-Pronouns also change their form when used in the prepositional case. Let's take a look at the prepositional case endings for pronouns:
-{| class="wikitable"
-! Russian !! Pronunciation !! English
-|-
-| мне || mne || to/for me
-|-
-| тебе || tyeh-beh || to/for you (informal)
-|-
-| ему || yeh-moo || to/for him
-|-
-| ей || yehj || to/for her
-|-
-| нам || nahm || to/for us
-|-
-| вам || vahm || to/for you (formal)
-|-
-| им || eem || to/for them
 |}
 == Using the Prepositional Case ==
-Now that we have explored the rules and endings for the prepositional case, let's see how it is used in sentences. The prepositional case is often used with prepositions to indicate location or to provide more detailed information.
+Now that we understand how to form nouns in the Prepositional case, let's explore how to use the Prepositional case in sentences.
-Here are some common prepositions that are used with the prepositional case:
+=== Indicating Location ===
-* в (in, at)
+One of the main uses of the Prepositional case is to indicate location. In English, this is often translated as "in," "on," or "at." Here are some examples:
-* на (on, at)
-* о (about, concerning)
-* при (at, by)
-* с (with)
-Let's look at some examples:
+* Я живу в Москве. (Ya zhivu v Moskve.) - I live in Moscow.
+* Книга лежит на столе. (Kniga lezhit na stole.) - The book is on the table.
+* Я работаю в офисе. (Ya rabotayu v ofise.) - I work in the office.
-=== Location ===
+In each of these examples, the nouns "Москва" (Moscow), "стол" (table), and "офис" (office) are in the Prepositional case because they indicate the location or position.
-Мама на кухне.
+=== Describing Objects ===
-Pronunciation: Ma-ma na koo-khne.
-Translation: Mom is in the kitchen.
-Я работаю в офисе.
+The Prepositional case is also used to describe objects or to express possession. Here are some examples:
-Pronunciation: Ya ra-ba-ta-yu v a-fee-se.
-Translation: I work in the office.
-=== More Detailed Information ===
+* У меня есть время на прогулку. (U menya est' vremya na progulku.) - I have time for a walk.
+* Я хочу чашку с кофе. (Ya khochu chashku s kofe.) - I want a cup of coffee.
+* Она купила букет с цветами. (Ona kupila buket s tsvetami.) - She bought a bouquet of flowers.
-О чём ты говоришь?
+In these examples, the nouns "время" (time), "чашка" (cup), and "букет" (bouquet) are in the Prepositional case because they describe the object or express possession.
-Pronunciation: O chehm ti ga-vo-reesh?
-Translation: What are you talking about?
-У нас будет вечеринка при свечах.
+=== Subject of a Preposition ===
-Pronunciation: Oo nas bu-det vye-chee-reen-ka pree svee-chakh.
-Translation: We will have a candlelit party.
-=== Using Prepositions ===
+The Prepositional case is also used when the noun is the subject of a preposition. Here are some examples:
-Я часто хожу с друзьями в кино.
+* Я говорю о работе. (Ya govoryu o rabote.) - I'm talking about work.
-Pronunciation: Ya chas-to ho-zhu s dru-zya-mee v kee-no.
+* Он думает о будущем. (On dumayet o budushchem.) - He's thinking about the future.
-Translation: I often go to the movies with friends.
+* Она мечтает о путешествии. (Ona mechtayet o puteshestvii.) - She dreams about traveling.
-Он говорит о книге.
+In these examples, the nouns "работа" (work), "будущее" (future), and "путешествие" (traveling) are in the Prepositional case because they are the subject of the prepositions "о" (about).
-Pronunciation: On ga-vo-reet o knee-ge.
-Translation: He is talking about the book.
-== Conclusion ==
+== Summary ==
-Congratulations! You have successfully completed the lesson on the prepositional case in Russian. You have learned the rules and endings for nouns, adjectives, and pronouns in the prepositional case. This knowledge will allow you to express location and provide more detailed information in your Russian sentences.
+In this lesson, we have explored the basics of the Russian Prepositional case. We learned how to form nouns in the Prepositional case based on their gender and number. We also discussed how to use the Prepositional case to indicate location, describe objects, and express the subject of a preposition. Understanding the Prepositional case is essential for expressing yourself accurately in Russian.
-Continue practicing the prepositional case by using it in different contexts and with various prepositions. The more you practice, the more natural it will become for you to use the prepositional case correctly.
+Now that you have a good grasp of the Prepositional case, why not practice using it in everyday conversations? Remember, the more you practice, the more confident you will become in using the Prepositional case correctly.
-In the next lesson, we will continue our journey through Russian grammar by exploring the next case in line: the accusative case. Stay tuned and keep up the great work!
 {{#seo:
-|title=Russian Grammar → Cases and Prepositions → Prepositional Case
+|title=Russian Grammar → Russian Nouns and Gender → Prepositional Case
-|keywords=Russian grammar, prepositional case, Russian cases, Russian nouns, Russian adjectives, Russian pronouns
+|keywords=Russian, Grammar, Nouns, Gender, Prepositional Case, Russian language, noun declension, location, position, masculine nouns, feminine nouns, neuter nouns, plural nouns, indicating location, describing objects, subject of a preposition
-|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the prepositional case in Russian. Discover the rules and endings for nouns, adjectives, and pronouns in the prepositional case, and learn how to use it to indicate location or provide more detailed information.
+|description=In this lesson, you will learn the basics of the Russian Prepositional case. Understand how to form nouns in the Prepositional case and discover its various uses in expressing location, describing objects, and indicating the subject of a preposition.
 }}
@@ Line 291: / Line 177: @@
 ===Russian Cases: The Prepositional Case of Modifiers - YouTube===
 <youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0NuUsvpc3Hc</youtube>
@@ Line 298: / Line 186: @@
 * [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Russian/Grammar/Prepositional_case Russian/Grammar/Prepositional case - Wikibooks, open books for ...]
 * [https://www.russianforfree.com/grammar-of-russian-nouns-prepositional.php Russian Grammar Tables Nouns in the Prepositional Case]
@@ Line 312: / Line 202: @@
 * [[Language/Russian/Grammar/Noun-Adjective-Agreement|Noun Adjective Agreement]]
 * [[Language/Russian/Grammar/Present-Tense-Conjugations|Present Tense Conjugations]]