Difference between revisions of "Language/Odia/Grammar/Present-Tense"

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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Odia|Odia]]  → [[Language/Odia/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Odia/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs and Actions → Present Tense</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Odia|Odia]]  → [[Language/Odia/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Odia/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Present Tense</div>
 
Welcome to the lesson on the '''Present Tense''' in Odia! Understanding how to express actions that are happening now is fundamental to mastering any language, and Odia is no exception. This lesson is particularly exciting because it opens the door to forming sentences that describe daily activities and thoughts, allowing you to communicate more effectively in your new language.
 
In this lesson, we will cover the following key points:
 
* The structure of present tense verbs in Odia
 
* How to conjugate verbs based on the subject
 
* Examples illustrating the use of present tense
 
* Exercises to practice what you've learned
 
By the end of this lesson, you'll feel comfortable using the present tense in Odia to express a variety of actions. So, let's dive in!


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== Understanding the Present Tense ===


Welcome to the lesson on the present tense of Odia verbs! In this lesson, we will learn how to form and use the present tense in Odia. The present tense is used to talk about actions that are happening right now or actions that happen regularly. It is an essential part of everyday communication and will help you express yourself in various situations.
The present tense in Odia is used to describe actions that are currently happening or habitual actions. In English, you might say "I eat," "She sings," or "They play." In Odia, the structure is somewhat similar but has its unique rules and conjugations depending on the subject of the sentence.


In this comprehensive lesson, we will cover the formation of the present tense, including the different verb endings based on gender and number. We will also explore the usage of the present tense in different contexts, such as describing habits, routines, and ongoing actions. Additionally, we will provide plenty of examples and exercises to practice what you have learned.
=== Structure of Present Tense Verbs ===


Let's dive into the world of the present tense in Odia!
In Odia, the present tense verb form varies based on the subject pronoun. Here’s how it works:


== Formation of the Present Tense ==
* '''Singular:''' I, You (informal), He/She


To form the present tense in Odia, we generally add specific endings to the verb root. The endings vary depending on the gender and number of the subject. Let's take a look at the different endings for each gender and number:
* '''Plural:''' We, You (formal), They


=== Masculine Singular ===
The verb endings change according to the subject. For example, the verb "to eat" (ଖାଇବା, khāibā) will have different forms when conjugated for different subjects.


In the masculine singular form, the verb ending is -ଉଛି (-uchi).
=== Conjugation of Common Verbs ===


Here are a few examples:
Let's look at the basic conjugation of the verb "to eat" (ଖାଇବା, khāibā) in the present tense.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Odia !! Pronunciation !! English
 
! Subject !! Odia !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| ଖେଲଉଛି || khelauchi || I play
 
| I || ମୁଁ ଖାଉ || muṁ khāu || I eat
 
|-
|-
| ପଢଉଛି || padhauchi || I read
 
| You (informal) || ତୁମେ ଖାଉ || tume khāu || You eat
 
|-
|-
| ଲେଖଉଛି || lekhauchi || I write
|}


=== Feminine Singular ===
| He/She || ସେ ଖାଏ || se khāe || He/She eats


In the feminine singular form, the verb ending is -ଉଛିନ୍ତି (-uchinti).
|-


Here are a few examples:
| We || ଆମେ ଖାଉ || āme khāu || We eat


{| class="wikitable"
! Odia !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ଖେଲଉଛିନ୍ତି || khelauchinti || She plays
 
| You (formal) || ଆପଣ ଖାନ୍ତି || āpaṇa khānti || You eat
 
|-
|-
| ପଢଉଛିନ୍ତି || padhauchinti || She reads
 
|-
| They || ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି || semāne khāānti || They eat
| ଲେଖଉଛିନ୍ତି || lekhauchinti || She writes
 
|}
|}


=== Neuter Singular ===
As you can see, the verb changes with the subject. The endings for "I," "You," and "We" are similar, while "He/She" and "They" have their unique forms.


In the neuter singular form, the verb ending is -ଉଛିଛି (-uchhi).
=== Additional Examples ===


Here are a few examples:
Let's explore some more verbs in the present tense to give you a clearer picture. We'll look at the verbs "to drink" (ପିଇବା, pi'ibā), "to write" (ଲେଖିବା, lekhībā), and "to play" (କେଳିବା, keḷibā).


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Odia !! Pronunciation !! English
 
! Subject !! Drink (ପିଇବା) !! Write (ଲେଖିବା) !! Play (କେଳିବା)
 
|-
|-
| ଖେଲଉଛିଛି || khelauchhi || It plays
 
| I || ମୁଁ ପିଉ || muṁ pi'u || ମୁଁ ଲେଖୁ || muṁ lekhū || ମୁଁ କେଳି || muṁ keḷi
 
|-
|-
| ପଢଉଛିଛି || padhauchhi || It reads
 
| You (informal) || ତୁମେ ପିଉ || tume pi'u || ତୁମେ ଲେଖୁ || tume lekhū || ତୁମେ କେଳି || tume keḷi
 
|-
|-
| ଲେଖଉଛିଛି || lekhauchhi || It writes
|}


=== Plural ===
| He/She || ସେ ପିଏ || se pi'e || ସେ ଲେଖେ || se lekhē || ସେ କେଳେ || se keḷē


In the plural form, regardless of the gender, the verb ending is -ୟେ (-ye).
|-


Here are a few examples:
| We || ଆମେ ପିଉ || āme pi'u || ଆମେ ଲେଖୁ || āme lekhū || ଆମେ କେଳି || āme keḷi


{| class="wikitable"
! Odia !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ଖେଲଉଛିୟେ || khelauchhiye || They play
 
| You (formal) || ଆପଣ ପିଆ || āpaṇa pi'ā || ଆପଣ ଲେଖନ୍ତି || āpaṇa lekhanti || ଆପଣ କେଳନ୍ତି || āpaṇa keḷanti
 
|-
|-
| ପଢଉଛିୟେ || padhauchhiye || They read
 
|-
| They || ସେମାନେ ପିଆନ୍ତି || semāne pi'ānti || ସେମାନେ ଲେଖନ୍ତି || semāne lekhanti || ସେମାନେ କେଳନ୍ତି || semāne keḷanti
| ଲେଖଉଛିୟେ || lekhauchhiye || They write
 
|}
|}


== Usage of the Present Tense ==
This table shows how the verbs change for each subject. Notice the patterns in the endings, which will help you as you learn more verbs.
 
=== Practice Scenarios ===
 
Now that we've explored the present tense, let's put your knowledge to the test with some practice exercises. Here are ten scenarios where you can apply what you've learned.
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ====
 
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in the present tense.
 
1. ମୁଁ (ଖାଇବା) __________ (to eat) ଆମ୍ବ.
 
2. ସେ (ପିଇବା) __________ (to drink) ପାଣି.
 
3. ତୁମେ (ଲେଖିବା) __________ (to write) କବିତା.
 
4. ଆମେ (କେଳିବା) __________ (to play) ବାସକେଟବଲ୍.
 
5. ସେମାନେ (ଖାଇବା) __________ (to eat) ପିଜ୍ଜା.
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 1 ====
 
1. ମୁଁ ଖାଉ ଆମ୍ବ। (muṁ khāu āmb.) - I eat mango.
 
2. ସେ ପିଏ ପାଣି। (se pi'e pāṇi.) - He/She drinks water.
 
3. ତୁମେ ଲେଖୁ କବିତା। (tume lekhū kabitā.) - You write a poem.
 
4. ଆମେ କେଳି ବାସକେଟବଲ୍। (āme keḷi bāsketbal.) - We play basketball.
 
5. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ପିଜ୍ଜା। (semāne khāānti pījjā.) - They eat pizza.
 
==== Exercise 2: Translate the Following Sentences ====
 
Translate the English sentences into Odia using the present tense.
 
1. I drink tea.
 
2. You (formal) play cricket.
 
3. They write letters.
 
4. He eats rice.
 
5. We drink juice.
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 2 ====
 
1. ମୁଁ ଚା ପିଉ। (muṁ chā pi'u.) - I drink tea.
 
2. ଆପଣ କ୍ରିକେଟ୍ କେଳନ୍ତି। (āpaṇa krikeṭ keḷanti.) - You (formal) play cricket.
 
3. ସେମାନେ ଚିଠି ଲେଖନ୍ତି। (semāne chiṭhi lekhanti.) - They write letters.
 
4. ସେ ଭାତ ଖାଏ। (se bhāta khāe.) - He eats rice.
 
5. ଆମେ ଜୁସ୍ ପିଉ। (āme jus pi'u.) - We drink juice.
 
==== Exercise 3: Correct the Sentences ====


Now that we have learned how to form the present tense, let's explore its usage in different contexts.
Identify and correct the mistakes in the following sentences.


=== Describing Habits and Routines ===
1. ମୁଁ ପିଉ ଜୁସ୍। (I drink juice.)


The present tense is commonly used to describe habits and routines. It allows us to talk about actions that we do regularly or repeatedly.
2. ସେ ଖାଇ ପିଜ୍ଜା। (He eats pizza.)


Here are a few examples:
3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍। (You play game.)


* ମୋର ପରିବାରରେ ସକାଳରେ ବେଦ୍ଯ୍ୟ ଖାଇଥାଏ। (Mor paribarare sakalare bedyo khaithae.) - In my family, we eat breakfast in the morning.
4. ସେମାନେ ଲେଖନ୍ତି ଚିଠି। (They write letter.)


* ମୁଁ ପ୍ରତିଦିନ ସାପ୍ତାହିକ ପତ୍ରିକା ପଢାଉଛି। (Mun pratinidin saptahika patrika padhauchi.) - I read a weekly magazine every day.
5. ଆମେ ପିଏ ପାଣି। (We drink water.)


* ଆମର ପରିବାରରେ ସାଧାରଣତଃ ରାତିରେ ଭୋଜନ କରୁଥାଏ। (Amar paribarare sadharanatah rati re bhojan karuthae.) - In our family, we usually have dinner at night.
==== Solutions for Exercise 3 ====


=== Expressing Ongoing Actions ===
1. ମୁଁ ପିଉ ଜୁସ୍। (Correct as is.) - I drink juice.


The present tense is also used to talk about ongoing actions or actions that are happening right now.
2. ସେ ପିଏ ପିଜ୍ଜା। (se pi'e pījjā.) - He eats pizza.


Here are a few examples:
3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍। (Correct as is.) - You play game.


* ତାରଙ୍କର ମାଥାରେ ଆପାତକାଳୀନ ବର୍ଷା ପଡୁଥିଲେ। (Taraṅkara mathare apātakālīna barṣā paḍuthile.) - It was raining heavily on his head.
4. ସେମାନେ ଲେଖନ୍ତି ଚିଠି। (semāne lekhanti chiṭhi.) - They write letters.


* ମୋର ବନ୍ଦା ଘରରେ ଖେଳୁଛି। (Mor banda ghare kheluuchi.) - My brother is playing at home.
5. ଆମେ ପିଏ ପାଣି। (āme pi'e pāṇi.) - We drink water.


* ତୁମର ପରିବାରରେ ଖେଳୁଛିନି। (Tumara paribarare kheluuchini.) - Your family is playing.
==== Exercise 4: Create Your Own Sentences ====


== Exercise: Forming Present Tense Verbs ==
Using the verbs provided, create your own sentences in the present tense.


Now it's time for some practice! Let's form the present tense of the following verbs:
1. (ଖେଳିବା) - to play


* ଯାଇଥିବା (yāithibā) - to go
2. (ଲେଖିବା) - to write
* ଆସିଥିବା (āsithibā) - to come
* କହିଥିବା (kahithibā) - to say


Please write the present tense forms of these verbs for each gender and number.
3. (ପଢିବା) - to read


Solution:
4. (ଚାଲିବା) - to walk


* ଯାଉଛି (yāuchi) - I go
5. (ଗାଇବା) - to sing
* ଯାଉଛିନ୍ତି (yāuchinti) - She goes
* ଯାଉଛିଛି (yāuchhi) - It goes
* ଯାଉଛିୟେ (yāuchhiye) - They go


* ଆସୁଛି (āsuchi) - I come
==== Solutions for Exercise 4 ====
* ଆସୁଛିନ୍ତି (āsuchinti) - She comes
* ଆସୁଛିଛି (āsuchhi) - It comes
* ଆସୁଛିୟେ (āsuchhiye) - They come


* କହୁଛି (kahuuchi) - I say
1. ମୁଁ ଖେଳି ବାସକେଟବଲ୍। (muṁ kheḷi bāsketbal.) - I play basketball.
* କହୁଛିନ୍ତି (kahuuchinti) - She says
* କହୁଛିଛି (kahuuchhi) - It says
* କହୁଛିୟେ (kahuuchhiye) - They say


== Cultural Insight: Language Variation in Odia Verbs ==
2. ସେ ଲେଖେ କବିତା। (se lekhē kabitā.) - He/She writes a poem.


While the formation of the present tense verbs remains consistent throughout the Odia-speaking regions, there are some variations in the usage and understanding of verbs.
3. ତୁମେ ପଢୁ ଗପ। (tume paḍhu gapa.) - You read a story.


In certain regions, especially the western parts of Odisha, the present tense of verbs is often influenced by the Sambalpuri dialect. Speakers from these regions may use slightly different verb endings or pronunciations. For example, instead of -ଉଛି (-uchi) for the masculine singular form, they might use -ଉଛିନ୍ (-uchin) or -ଉଛିନ୍ତିନ୍ (-uchintin). These variations add to the richness and diversity of the Odia language.
4. ଆମେ ଚାଲି ଗଲା। (āme chāli galā.) - We walk to the market.


It's fascinating to see how language evolves and adapts across different regions, reflecting the unique cultural heritage and history of each place. Embracing these variations allows us to appreciate the beauty and diversity of the Odia language.
5. ସେ ଗାଏ ଗୀତ। (se gā'e gīta.) - He/She sings a song.


== Conclusion ==
==== Exercise 5: Identify the Subject ===


Congratulations! You have successfully learned how to form and use the present tense of Odia verbs. This knowledge will enable you to express yourself accurately in various situations and describe ongoing actions or routines.
Read the following sentences and identify the subject.


Remember to practice using the present tense in your conversations and written exercises to reinforce your understanding. As you progress in your journey to learn Odia, continue exploring the rich cultural aspects of the language, including its regional variations and historical influences.
1. ମୁଁ ଖାଉ ଆମ୍ବ।


In the next lesson, we will delve into the past tense of Odia verbs. Stay tuned for more exciting language learning adventures!
2. ସେ ପିଏ ପାଣି।
 
3. ତୁମେ ଲେଖୁ କବିତା।
 
4. ଆମେ କେଳି ବାସକେଟବଲ୍।
 
5. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ପିଜ୍ଜା।
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 5 ====
 
1. Subject: ମୁଁ (I)
 
2. Subject: ସେ (He/She)
 
3. Subject: ତୁମେ (You informal)
 
4. Subject: ଆମେ (We)
 
5. Subject: ସେମାନେ (They)
 
==== Exercise 6: Verb Matching ====
 
Match the following verbs with their meanings.
 
1. ଖାଇବା
 
2. ପିଇବା
 
3. ଲେଖିବା
 
4. କେଳିବା
 
5. ଚାଲିବା
 
a. to eat
 
b. to drink
 
c. to write
 
d. to play
 
e. to walk
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 6 ====
 
1. ଖାଇବା - a. to eat
 
2. ପିଇବା - b. to drink
 
3. ଲେଖିବା - c. to write
 
4. କେଳିବା - d. to play
 
5. ଚାଲିବା - e. to walk
 
==== Exercise 7: Sentence Transformation ====
 
Transform the sentences from singular to plural.
 
1. ସେ ଖାଏ ଭାତ।
 
2. ମୁଁ ପିଉ ଚା।
 
3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍।
 
4. ସେ ପିଏ ଜୁସ୍।
 
5. ଆମେ ଲେଖୁ କବିତା।
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 7 ====
 
1. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ଭାତ। (semāne khāānti bhāta.) - They eat rice.
 
2. ଆମେ ପିଉ ଚା। (āme pi'u chā.) - We drink tea.
 
3. ସେମାନେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍। (semāne keḷi gem.) - They play games.
 
4. ସେମାନେ ପିଏ ଜୁସ୍। (semāne pi'e jus.) - They drink juice.
 
5. ସେମାନେ ଲେଖନ୍ତି କବିତା। (semāne lekhanti kabitā.) - They write poems.
 
==== Exercise 8: Negative Sentences ====
 
Rewrite the following sentences in the negative form.
 
1. ମୁଁ ଖାଉ ଆମ୍ବ।
 
2. ସେ ପିଏ ପାଣି।
 
3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍।
 
4. ଆମେ ଲେଖୁ କବିତା।
 
5. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ପିଜ୍ଜା।
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 8 ====
 
1. ମୁଁ ଖାଉ ନାହିଁ ଆମ୍ବ। (muṁ khāu nāhiṁ āmb.) - I do not eat mango.
 
2. ସେ ପିଏ ନାହିଁ ପାଣି। (se pi'e nāhiṁ pāṇi.) - He/She does not drink water.
 
3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ନାହିଁ ଗେମ୍। (tume keḷi nāhiṁ gem.) - You do not play games.
 
4. ଆମେ ଲେଖୁ ନାହିଁ କବିତା। (āme lekhū nāhiṁ kabitā.) - We do not write poems.
 
5. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ନାହିଁ ପିଜ୍ଜା। (semāne khāānti nāhiṁ pījjā.) - They do not eat pizza.
 
==== Exercise 9: Short Answer Questions ====
 
Answer the following questions in one sentence using the present tense.
 
1. What do you eat?
 
2. What does he drink?
 
3. Where do they play?
 
4. What do we write?
 
5. What do you (formal) do?
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 9 ====
 
1. ମୁଁ ଆମ୍ବ ଖାଉ। (muṁ āmb khāu.) - I eat mango.
 
2. ସେ ପାଣି ପିଏ। (se pāṇi pi'e.) - He drinks water.
 
3. ସେମାନେ ବାଗିଚାରେ କେଳିବା। (semāne bāgichāre keḷibā.) - They play in the garden.
 
4. ଆମେ କବିତା ଲେଖୁ। (āme kabitā lekhū.) - We write poems.
 
5. ଆପଣ ଜାଣିଛନ୍ତି। (āpaṇa jāṇichanti.) - You (formal) know.
 
==== Exercise 10: Describe Your Day ====
 
Write 5 sentences about your daily routine using the present tense.
 
==== Sample Solutions for Exercise 10 ====
 
1. ମୁଁ ସକାଳେ ଉଠେ। (muṁ sakāḷe uṭhe.) - I wake up in the morning.
 
2. ମୁଁ ଦୁପରେ ଖାଉ ଭାତ। (muṁ duparē khāu bhāta.) - I eat rice in the afternoon.
 
3. ମୁଁ ସନ୍ଧ୍ୟାରେ ପିଉ ଚା। (muṁ sandhyāre pi'u chā.) - I drink tea in the evening.
 
4. ମୁଁ ରାତିରେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍। (muṁ rātirē keḷi gem.) - I play games at night.
 
5. ମୁଁ ପୁସ୍ତକ ପଢିବା। (muṁ pustak paḍhibā.) - I read books.
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson on the present tense in Odia! Keep practicing, and you'll continue to improve your skills. Every step you take brings you closer to fluency. Remember, language learning is a journey, and every bit of practice counts!


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|title=Odia Grammar → Verbs and Actions → Present Tense
 
|keywords=Odia grammar, Odia verbs, Odia present tense, Odia language, learning Odia
|title=Odia Grammar Present Tense
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use the present tense of Odia verbs. Explore the formation of the present tense, its usage, and cultural insights. Practice exercises included.
 
|keywords=Odia, present tense, Odia grammar, learn Odia, Odia language
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use the present tense of Odia verbs, including examples, exercises, and practical applications.
 
}}
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==Videos==
==Videos==

Latest revision as of 10:16, 2 August 2024

◀️ Ordering in a Restaurant — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Past Tense ▶️

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Odia → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Present Tense

Welcome to the lesson on the Present Tense in Odia! Understanding how to express actions that are happening now is fundamental to mastering any language, and Odia is no exception. This lesson is particularly exciting because it opens the door to forming sentences that describe daily activities and thoughts, allowing you to communicate more effectively in your new language.

In this lesson, we will cover the following key points:

  • The structure of present tense verbs in Odia
  • How to conjugate verbs based on the subject
  • Examples illustrating the use of present tense
  • Exercises to practice what you've learned

By the end of this lesson, you'll feel comfortable using the present tense in Odia to express a variety of actions. So, let's dive in!

Understanding the Present Tense[edit | edit source]

The present tense in Odia is used to describe actions that are currently happening or habitual actions. In English, you might say "I eat," "She sings," or "They play." In Odia, the structure is somewhat similar but has its unique rules and conjugations depending on the subject of the sentence.

Structure of Present Tense Verbs[edit | edit source]

In Odia, the present tense verb form varies based on the subject pronoun. Here’s how it works:

  • Singular: I, You (informal), He/She
  • Plural: We, You (formal), They

The verb endings change according to the subject. For example, the verb "to eat" (ଖାଇବା, khāibā) will have different forms when conjugated for different subjects.

Conjugation of Common Verbs[edit | edit source]

Let's look at the basic conjugation of the verb "to eat" (ଖାଇବା, khāibā) in the present tense.

Subject Odia Pronunciation English
I ମୁଁ ଖାଉ muṁ khāu I eat
You (informal) ତୁମେ ଖାଉ tume khāu You eat
He/She ସେ ଖାଏ se khāe He/She eats
We ଆମେ ଖାଉ āme khāu We eat
You (formal) ଆପଣ ଖାନ୍ତି āpaṇa khānti You eat
They ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି semāne khāānti They eat

As you can see, the verb changes with the subject. The endings for "I," "You," and "We" are similar, while "He/She" and "They" have their unique forms.

Additional Examples[edit | edit source]

Let's explore some more verbs in the present tense to give you a clearer picture. We'll look at the verbs "to drink" (ପିଇବା, pi'ibā), "to write" (ଲେଖିବା, lekhībā), and "to play" (କେଳିବା, keḷibā).

Subject Drink (ପିଇବା) Write (ଲେଖିବା) Play (କେଳିବା)
I ମୁଁ ପିଉ muṁ pi'u ମୁଁ ଲେଖୁ muṁ lekhū ମୁଁ କେଳି muṁ keḷi
You (informal) ତୁମେ ପିଉ tume pi'u ତୁମେ ଲେଖୁ tume lekhū ତୁମେ କେଳି tume keḷi
He/She ସେ ପିଏ se pi'e ସେ ଲେଖେ se lekhē ସେ କେଳେ se keḷē
We ଆମେ ପିଉ āme pi'u ଆମେ ଲେଖୁ āme lekhū ଆମେ କେଳି āme keḷi
You (formal) ଆପଣ ପିଆ āpaṇa pi'ā ଆପଣ ଲେଖନ୍ତି āpaṇa lekhanti ଆପଣ କେଳନ୍ତି āpaṇa keḷanti
They ସେମାନେ ପିଆନ୍ତି semāne pi'ānti ସେମାନେ ଲେଖନ୍ତି semāne lekhanti ସେମାନେ କେଳନ୍ତି semāne keḷanti

This table shows how the verbs change for each subject. Notice the patterns in the endings, which will help you as you learn more verbs.

Practice Scenarios[edit | edit source]

Now that we've explored the present tense, let's put your knowledge to the test with some practice exercises. Here are ten scenarios where you can apply what you've learned.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in the present tense.

1. ମୁଁ (ଖାଇବା) __________ (to eat) ଆମ୍ବ.

2. ସେ (ପିଇବା) __________ (to drink) ପାଣି.

3. ତୁମେ (ଲେଖିବା) __________ (to write) କବିତା.

4. ଆମେ (କେଳିବା) __________ (to play) ବାସକେଟବଲ୍.

5. ସେମାନେ (ଖାଇବା) __________ (to eat) ପିଜ୍ଜା.

Solutions for Exercise 1[edit | edit source]

1. ମୁଁ ଖାଉ ଆମ୍ବ। (muṁ khāu āmb.) - I eat mango.

2. ସେ ପିଏ ପାଣି। (se pi'e pāṇi.) - He/She drinks water.

3. ତୁମେ ଲେଖୁ କବିତା। (tume lekhū kabitā.) - You write a poem.

4. ଆମେ କେଳି ବାସକେଟବଲ୍। (āme keḷi bāsketbal.) - We play basketball.

5. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ପିଜ୍ଜା। (semāne khāānti pījjā.) - They eat pizza.

Exercise 2: Translate the Following Sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the English sentences into Odia using the present tense.

1. I drink tea.

2. You (formal) play cricket.

3. They write letters.

4. He eats rice.

5. We drink juice.

Solutions for Exercise 2[edit | edit source]

1. ମୁଁ ଚା ପିଉ। (muṁ chā pi'u.) - I drink tea.

2. ଆପଣ କ୍ରିକେଟ୍ କେଳନ୍ତି। (āpaṇa krikeṭ keḷanti.) - You (formal) play cricket.

3. ସେମାନେ ଚିଠି ଲେଖନ୍ତି। (semāne chiṭhi lekhanti.) - They write letters.

4. ସେ ଭାତ ଖାଏ। (se bhāta khāe.) - He eats rice.

5. ଆମେ ଜୁସ୍ ପିଉ। (āme jus pi'u.) - We drink juice.

Exercise 3: Correct the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Identify and correct the mistakes in the following sentences.

1. ମୁଁ ପିଉ ଜୁସ୍। (I drink juice.)

2. ସେ ଖାଇ ପିଜ୍ଜା। (He eats pizza.)

3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍। (You play game.)

4. ସେମାନେ ଲେଖନ୍ତି ଚିଠି। (They write letter.)

5. ଆମେ ପିଏ ପାଣି। (We drink water.)

Solutions for Exercise 3[edit | edit source]

1. ମୁଁ ପିଉ ଜୁସ୍। (Correct as is.) - I drink juice.

2. ସେ ପିଏ ପିଜ୍ଜା। (se pi'e pījjā.) - He eats pizza.

3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍। (Correct as is.) - You play game.

4. ସେମାନେ ଲେଖନ୍ତି ଚିଠି। (semāne lekhanti chiṭhi.) - They write letters.

5. ଆମେ ପିଏ ପାଣି। (āme pi'e pāṇi.) - We drink water.

Exercise 4: Create Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

Using the verbs provided, create your own sentences in the present tense.

1. (ଖେଳିବା) - to play

2. (ଲେଖିବା) - to write

3. (ପଢିବା) - to read

4. (ଚାଲିବା) - to walk

5. (ଗାଇବା) - to sing

Solutions for Exercise 4[edit | edit source]

1. ମୁଁ ଖେଳି ବାସକେଟବଲ୍। (muṁ kheḷi bāsketbal.) - I play basketball.

2. ସେ ଲେଖେ କବିତା। (se lekhē kabitā.) - He/She writes a poem.

3. ତୁମେ ପଢୁ ଗପ। (tume paḍhu gapa.) - You read a story.

4. ଆମେ ଚାଲି ଗଲା। (āme chāli galā.) - We walk to the market.

5. ସେ ଗାଏ ଗୀତ। (se gā'e gīta.) - He/She sings a song.

= Exercise 5: Identify the Subject[edit | edit source]

Read the following sentences and identify the subject.

1. ମୁଁ ଖାଉ ଆମ୍ବ।

2. ସେ ପିଏ ପାଣି।

3. ତୁମେ ଲେଖୁ କବିତା।

4. ଆମେ କେଳି ବାସକେଟବଲ୍।

5. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ପିଜ୍ଜା।

Solutions for Exercise 5[edit | edit source]

1. Subject: ମୁଁ (I)

2. Subject: ସେ (He/She)

3. Subject: ତୁମେ (You informal)

4. Subject: ଆମେ (We)

5. Subject: ସେମାନେ (They)

Exercise 6: Verb Matching[edit | edit source]

Match the following verbs with their meanings.

1. ଖାଇବା

2. ପିଇବା

3. ଲେଖିବା

4. କେଳିବା

5. ଚାଲିବା

a. to eat

b. to drink

c. to write

d. to play

e. to walk

Solutions for Exercise 6[edit | edit source]

1. ଖାଇବା - a. to eat

2. ପିଇବା - b. to drink

3. ଲେଖିବା - c. to write

4. କେଳିବା - d. to play

5. ଚାଲିବା - e. to walk

Exercise 7: Sentence Transformation[edit | edit source]

Transform the sentences from singular to plural.

1. ସେ ଖାଏ ଭାତ।

2. ମୁଁ ପିଉ ଚା।

3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍।

4. ସେ ପିଏ ଜୁସ୍।

5. ଆମେ ଲେଖୁ କବିତା।

Solutions for Exercise 7[edit | edit source]

1. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ଭାତ। (semāne khāānti bhāta.) - They eat rice.

2. ଆମେ ପିଉ ଚା। (āme pi'u chā.) - We drink tea.

3. ସେମାନେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍। (semāne keḷi gem.) - They play games.

4. ସେମାନେ ପିଏ ଜୁସ୍। (semāne pi'e jus.) - They drink juice.

5. ସେମାନେ ଲେଖନ୍ତି କବିତା। (semāne lekhanti kabitā.) - They write poems.

Exercise 8: Negative Sentences[edit | edit source]

Rewrite the following sentences in the negative form.

1. ମୁଁ ଖାଉ ଆମ୍ବ।

2. ସେ ପିଏ ପାଣି।

3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍।

4. ଆମେ ଲେଖୁ କବିତା।

5. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ପିଜ୍ଜା।

Solutions for Exercise 8[edit | edit source]

1. ମୁଁ ଖାଉ ନାହିଁ ଆମ୍ବ। (muṁ khāu nāhiṁ āmb.) - I do not eat mango.

2. ସେ ପିଏ ନାହିଁ ପାଣି। (se pi'e nāhiṁ pāṇi.) - He/She does not drink water.

3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ନାହିଁ ଗେମ୍। (tume keḷi nāhiṁ gem.) - You do not play games.

4. ଆମେ ଲେଖୁ ନାହିଁ କବିତା। (āme lekhū nāhiṁ kabitā.) - We do not write poems.

5. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ନାହିଁ ପିଜ୍ଜା। (semāne khāānti nāhiṁ pījjā.) - They do not eat pizza.

Exercise 9: Short Answer Questions[edit | edit source]

Answer the following questions in one sentence using the present tense.

1. What do you eat?

2. What does he drink?

3. Where do they play?

4. What do we write?

5. What do you (formal) do?

Solutions for Exercise 9[edit | edit source]

1. ମୁଁ ଆମ୍ବ ଖାଉ। (muṁ āmb khāu.) - I eat mango.

2. ସେ ପାଣି ପିଏ। (se pāṇi pi'e.) - He drinks water.

3. ସେମାନେ ବାଗିଚାରେ କେଳିବା। (semāne bāgichāre keḷibā.) - They play in the garden.

4. ଆମେ କବିତା ଲେଖୁ। (āme kabitā lekhū.) - We write poems.

5. ଆପଣ ଜାଣିଛନ୍ତି। (āpaṇa jāṇichanti.) - You (formal) know.

Exercise 10: Describe Your Day[edit | edit source]

Write 5 sentences about your daily routine using the present tense.

Sample Solutions for Exercise 10[edit | edit source]

1. ମୁଁ ସକାଳେ ଉଠେ। (muṁ sakāḷe uṭhe.) - I wake up in the morning.

2. ମୁଁ ଦୁପରେ ଖାଉ ଭାତ। (muṁ duparē khāu bhāta.) - I eat rice in the afternoon.

3. ମୁଁ ସନ୍ଧ୍ୟାରେ ପିଉ ଚା। (muṁ sandhyāre pi'u chā.) - I drink tea in the evening.

4. ମୁଁ ରାତିରେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍। (muṁ rātirē keḷi gem.) - I play games at night.

5. ମୁଁ ପୁସ୍ତକ ପଢିବା। (muṁ pustak paḍhibā.) - I read books.

Congratulations on completing this lesson on the present tense in Odia! Keep practicing, and you'll continue to improve your skills. Every step you take brings you closer to fluency. Remember, language learning is a journey, and every bit of practice counts!

Table of Contents - Odia Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Odia Alphabet


Odia Syllables and Words


Basic Greetings and Phrases


Simple Sentences


Numbers and Time


Questions and Interrogatives


Family and Relationships


Adjectives and Descriptions


Food and Dining


Verbs and Actions


Travel and Transportation


Pronouns and Possession


Weather and Seasons


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Odia Festivals and Celebrations


Odia Art and Music

Videos[edit | edit source]

Present Indefinite Tense in Odia - 2 ...[edit | edit source]



Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]




◀️ Ordering in a Restaurant — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Past Tense ▶️

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