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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Odia|Odia]]  → [[Language/Odia/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Odia/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Present Tense</div>
Welcome to the lesson on the '''Present Tense''' in Odia! Understanding how to express actions that are happening now is fundamental to mastering any language, and Odia is no exception. This lesson is particularly exciting because it opens the door to forming sentences that describe daily activities and thoughts, allowing you to communicate more effectively in your new language.
In this lesson, we will cover the following key points:
* The structure of present tense verbs in Odia
* How to conjugate verbs based on the subject
* Examples illustrating the use of present tense


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Odia|Odia]]  → [[Language/Odia/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Odia/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs and Actions → Present Tense</div>
* Exercises to practice what you've learned
 
By the end of this lesson, you'll feel comfortable using the present tense in Odia to express a variety of actions. So, let's dive in!


__TOC__
__TOC__


<h1>Introduction</h1>
=== Understanding the Present Tense ===
 
The present tense in Odia is used to describe actions that are currently happening or habitual actions. In English, you might say "I eat," "She sings," or "They play." In Odia, the structure is somewhat similar but has its unique rules and conjugations depending on the subject of the sentence.
 
=== Structure of Present Tense Verbs ===
 
In Odia, the present tense verb form varies based on the subject pronoun. Here’s how it works:
 
* '''Singular:''' I, You (informal), He/She
 
* '''Plural:''' We, You (formal), They
 
The verb endings change according to the subject. For example, the verb "to eat" (ଖାଇବା, khāibā) will have different forms when conjugated for different subjects.
 
=== Conjugation of Common Verbs ===
 
Let's look at the basic conjugation of the verb "to eat" (ଖାଇବା, khāibā) in the present tense.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Subject !! Odia !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| I || ମୁଁ ଖାଉ || muṁ khāu || I eat
 
|-
 
| You (informal) || ତୁମେ ଖାଉ || tume khāu || You eat
 
|-
 
| He/She || ସେ ଖାଏ || se khāe || He/She eats
 
|-
 
| We || ଆମେ ଖାଉ || āme khāu || We eat
 
|-
 
| You (formal) || ଆପଣ ଖାନ୍ତି || āpaṇa khānti || You eat
 
|-
 
| They || ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି || semāne khāānti || They eat
 
|}
 
As you can see, the verb changes with the subject. The endings for "I," "You," and "We" are similar, while "He/She" and "They" have their unique forms.
 
=== Additional Examples ===
 
Let's explore some more verbs in the present tense to give you a clearer picture. We'll look at the verbs "to drink" (ପିଇବା, pi'ibā), "to write" (ଲେଖିବା, lekhībā), and "to play" (କେଳିବା, keḷibā).
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Subject !! Drink (ପିଇବା) !! Write (ଲେଖିବା) !! Play (କେଳିବା)
 
|-
 
| I || ମୁଁ ପିଉ || muṁ pi'u || ମୁଁ ଲେଖୁ || muṁ lekhū || ମୁଁ କେଳି || muṁ keḷi
 
|-
 
| You (informal) || ତୁମେ ପିଉ || tume pi'u || ତୁମେ ଲେଖୁ || tume lekhū || ତୁମେ କେଳି || tume keḷi
 
|-
 
| He/She || ସେ ପିଏ || se pi'e || ସେ ଲେଖେ || se lekhē || ସେ କେଳେ || se keḷē
 
|-
 
| We || ଆମେ ପିଉ || āme pi'u || ଆମେ ଲେଖୁ || āme lekhū || ଆମେ କେଳି || āme keḷi
 
|-
 
| You (formal) || ଆପଣ ପିଆ || āpaṇa pi'ā || ଆପଣ ଲେଖନ୍ତି || āpaṇa lekhanti || ଆପଣ କେଳନ୍ତି || āpaṇa keḷanti
 
|-
 
| They || ସେମାନେ ପିଆନ୍ତି || semāne pi'ānti || ସେମାନେ ଲେଖନ୍ତି || semāne lekhanti || ସେମାନେ କେଳନ୍ତି || semāne keḷanti
 
|}
 
This table shows how the verbs change for each subject. Notice the patterns in the endings, which will help you as you learn more verbs.
 
=== Practice Scenarios ===
 
Now that we've explored the present tense, let's put your knowledge to the test with some practice exercises. Here are ten scenarios where you can apply what you've learned.
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ====
 
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in the present tense.
 
1. ମୁଁ (ଖାଇବା) __________ (to eat) ଆମ୍ବ.


<p>In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use the present tense of Odia verbs. The present tense is used to describe actions that are currently happening, habitual actions, or general truths. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to form and use present tense verbs in simple sentences.</p>
2. ସେ (ପିଇବା) __________ (to drink) ପାଣି.


<h2>Present Tense Verb Formation</h2>
3. ତୁମେ (ଲେଖିବା) __________ (to write) କବିତା.


<p>In Odia, the present tense verb form is created by adding a suffix to the verb stem. The suffixes used depend on the type of verb, of which there are three:</p>
4. ଆମେ (କେଳିବା) __________ (to play) ବାସକେଟବଲ୍.


<ol>
5. ସେମାନେ (ଖାଇବା) __________ (to eat) ପିଜ୍ଜା.
<li><b>ru-verbs:</b> These verbs end in -ରେ (-re) in their present tense forms. Some common examples of ru-verbs are:</li>
<ul>
<li>ଖାଇବା (khāibā) – to eat</li>
<li>ପଢିବା (paḍhibā) – to read</li>
<li>ଜାଣିବା (jāṇibā) – to know</li>
</ul>
<li><b>bu-verbs:</b> These verbs end in -ବେ (-be) in their present tense forms. Some common examples of bu-verbs are:</li>
<ul>
<li>ଥିବା (thibā) – to be</li>
<li>ଅଚଳା (acaḷā) – to stay</li>
<li>କରିବା (karibā) – to do</li>
</ul>
<li><b>tu-verbs:</b> These verbs end in -ଥିବା (-thibā) in their present tense forms. Some common examples of tu-verbs are:</li>
<ul>
<li>ପଡିବା (paṛibā) – to fall</li>
<li>ଚାଲିବା (cālibā) – to walk</li>
<li>ମିଳିବା (miḷibā) – to meet</li>
</ul>
</ol>


<h3>Verb Stem</h3>
==== Solutions for Exercise 1 ====


<p>Before adding the present tense suffix to a verb, you must first identify the verb stem. The stem is the part of the verb that comes before the tense suffix. To find the stem of a ru-verb, remove the -ଇବା (-ibā) ending from the infinitive form of the verb. For example:</p>
1. ମୁଁ ଖାଉ ଆମ୍ବ। (muṁ khāu āmb.) - I eat mango.


<ul>
2. ସେ ପିଏ ପାଣି। (se pi'e pāṇi.) - He/She drinks water.
<li>ଖାଇବା (khāibā) – to eat → ଖା (khā) – stem</li>
<li>ପଢିବା (paḍhibā) – to read → ପଢ (paḍha) – stem</li>
<li>ଜାଣିବା (jāṇibā) – to know → ଜାଣ (jāṇa) – stem</li>
</ul>


<p>To find the stem of a bu-verb or tu-verb, remove the -ିବା (-ibā) ending from the infinitive form of the verb. Then, remove the final consonant of the stem. For example:</p>
3. ତୁମେ ଲେଖୁ କବିତା। (tume lekhū kabitā.) - You write a poem.


<ul>
4. ଆମେ କେଳି ବାସକେଟବଲ୍। (āme keḷi bāsketbal.) - We play basketball.
<li>ଥିବା (thibā) – to be → ଥ (tha) – stem</li>
<li>ଅଚଳା (acaḷā) – to stay → ଅଚଳ (acaḷa) – stem → ଅଚଳ୍ (acaḷ) – stem (without final consonant)</li>
<li>ପଡିବା (paṛibā) – to fall → ପଡ (paṛa) – stem → ପଡ୍ (paṛ) – stem (without final consonant)</li>
</ul>


<h3>Present Tense Suffixes</h3>
5. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ପିଜ୍ଜା। (semāne khāānti pījjā.) - They eat pizza.


<p>Once you have identified the verb stem, you can add the appropriate present tense suffix to create the present tense verb form. The present tense suffixes are:</p>
==== Exercise 2: Translate the Following Sentences ====


<ol>
Translate the English sentences into Odia using the present tense.
<li><b>-ରେ (-re)</b> for ru-verbs</li>
<li><b>-ବେ (-be)</b> for bu-verbs</li>
<li><b>-ଥିବା (-thibā)</b> for tu-verbs</li>
</ol>


<p>Here are some examples:</p>
1. I drink tea.


<table style="width:100%">
2. You (formal) play cricket.
<tr>
<th>Odia</th>
<th>Pronunciation</th>
<th>English</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ଖାରେ </td>
<td>khā-re</td>
<td>I eat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ପଢିବେ </td>
<td>paḍhi-be</td>
<td>You read</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ଜାଣିବେ </td>
<td>jāṇi-be</td>
<td>He knows</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ଥାଇବା </td>
<td>thā-ibā</td>
<td>I am</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ଅଚଳାଇବେ</td>
<td>a-caḷā-i-be</td>
<td>You stay</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ପଡୁଥିବା </td>
<td>paṛu-thibā</td>
<td>He falls</td>
</tr>
</table>


<p>Notice that the subject is typically not explicitly stated in Odia sentences unless it is necessary for clarification or emphasis. Instead, the verb form itself indicates the subject.</p>
3. They write letters.


<h3>Irregular Verbs</h3>
4. He eats rice.


<p>Like in most languages, there are a few Odia verbs that are irregular in the present tense. They do not follow the standard pattern of adding a suffix to the verb stem. Here are some common irregular verbs in the present tense:</p>
5. We drink juice.


<table style="width:100%">
==== Solutions for Exercise 2 ====
<tr>
<th>Odia</th>
<th>Pronunciation</th>
<th>English</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ଆସିବା </td>
<td>ā-sibā</td>
<td>to come</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ଯାଇବା </td>
<td>jā-ibā</td>
<td>to go</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ହୋଇଥିବା </td>
<td>ho-i-thibā</td>
<td>to exist</td>
</tr>
</table>


<p>These verbs must be memorized since they do not follow the standard verb pattern. Fortunately, the number of irregular verbs in Odia is relatively small compared to other languages.</p>
1. ମୁଁ ଚା ପିଉ। (muṁ chā pi'u.) - I drink tea.


<h2>Present Tense Usage</h2>
2. ଆପଣ କ୍ରିକେଟ୍ କେଳନ୍ତି। (āpaṇa krikeṭ keḷanti.) - You (formal) play cricket.


<p>Now that you know how to form present tense verbs, let's discuss when to use them. The present tense is used in the following situations:</p>
3. ସେମାନେ ଚିଠି ଲେଖନ୍ତି। (semāne chiṭhi lekhanti.) - They write letters.


<ol>
4. ସେ ଭାତ ଖାଏ। (se bhāta khāe.) - He eats rice.
<li><b>Actions happening right now:</b> The present tense is used to describe actions that are happening at the moment of speaking. For example:</li>
<ul>
<li>ମୁଁ ଖାରେ । (muṅ khāre.) – I am eating.</li>
<li>ସମୟରେ ପଡ଼ିବେ । (sama-yare paṛi-be.) – You are reading now.</li>
<li>ସତ୍ୟ କହିବା ପଡିବେ । (satya kahi-bā paḍhi-be.) – He is telling the truth.</li>
</ul>
<li><b>Habitual actions:</b> The present tense can be used to describe actions that are generally true or habitual, such as daily routines or usual behaviors. For example:</li>
<ul>
<li>ପଡିବେ ଟିକେ ଚାଲିବେ । (paḍhi-be ṭike cāli-be.) – He reads and then walks.</li>
<li>ନିଦ୍ରା ଝୁମିବେ । (nidrā jhum-i-be.) – She sleeps regularly.</li>
<li>ସବୁଠୁ ଚାଲୁ ଥିବା କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ । (sa-bu-ṭhu cālu thibā kār-ya.) – The work is always ongoing.</li>
</ul>
<li><b>General truth:</b> The present tense can also be used to describe general truths or facts that are not limited by time. For example:</li>
<ul>
<li>ସତ


{{Odia-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
5. ଆମେ ଜୁସ୍ ପିଉ। (āme jus pi'u.) - We drink juice.
 
==== Exercise 3: Correct the Sentences ====
 
Identify and correct the mistakes in the following sentences.
 
1. ମୁଁ ପିଉ ଜୁସ୍। (I drink juice.)
 
2. ସେ ଖାଇ ପିଜ୍ଜା। (He eats pizza.)
 
3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍। (You play game.)
 
4. ସେମାନେ ଲେଖନ୍ତି ଚିଠି। (They write letter.)
 
5. ଆମେ ପିଏ ପାଣି। (We drink water.)
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 3 ====
 
1. ମୁଁ ପିଉ ଜୁସ୍। (Correct as is.) - I drink juice.
 
2. ସେ ପିଏ ପିଜ୍ଜା। (se pi'e pījjā.) - He eats pizza.
 
3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍। (Correct as is.) - You play game.
 
4. ସେମାନେ ଲେଖନ୍ତି ଚିଠି। (semāne lekhanti chiṭhi.) - They write letters.
 
5. ଆମେ ପିଏ ପାଣି। (āme pi'e pāṇi.) - We drink water.
 
==== Exercise 4: Create Your Own Sentences ====
 
Using the verbs provided, create your own sentences in the present tense.
 
1. (ଖେଳିବା) - to play
 
2. (ଲେଖିବା) - to write
 
3. (ପଢିବା) - to read
 
4. (ଚାଲିବା) - to walk
 
5. (ଗାଇବା) - to sing
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 4 ====
 
1. ମୁଁ ଖେଳି ବାସକେଟବଲ୍। (muṁ kheḷi bāsketbal.) - I play basketball.
 
2. ସେ ଲେଖେ କବିତା। (se lekhē kabitā.) - He/She writes a poem.
 
3. ତୁମେ ପଢୁ ଗପ। (tume paḍhu gapa.) - You read a story.
 
4. ଆମେ ଚାଲି ଗଲା। (āme chāli galā.) - We walk to the market.
 
5. ସେ ଗାଏ ଗୀତ। (se gā'e gīta.) - He/She sings a song.
 
==== Exercise 5: Identify the Subject ===
 
Read the following sentences and identify the subject.
 
1. ମୁଁ ଖାଉ ଆମ୍ବ।
 
2. ସେ ପିଏ ପାଣି।
 
3. ତୁମେ ଲେଖୁ କବିତା।
 
4. ଆମେ କେଳି ବାସକେଟବଲ୍।
 
5. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ପିଜ୍ଜା।
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 5 ====
 
1. Subject: ମୁଁ (I)
 
2. Subject: ସେ (He/She)
 
3. Subject: ତୁମେ (You informal)
 
4. Subject: ଆମେ (We)
 
5. Subject: ସେମାନେ (They)
 
==== Exercise 6: Verb Matching ====
 
Match the following verbs with their meanings.
 
1. ଖାଇବା
 
2. ପିଇବା
 
3. ଲେଖିବା
 
4. କେଳିବା
 
5. ଚାଲିବା
 
a. to eat
 
b. to drink
 
c. to write
 
d. to play
 
e. to walk
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 6 ====
 
1. ଖାଇବା - a. to eat
 
2. ପିଇବା - b. to drink
 
3. ଲେଖିବା - c. to write
 
4. କେଳିବା - d. to play
 
5. ଚାଲିବା - e. to walk
 
==== Exercise 7: Sentence Transformation ====
 
Transform the sentences from singular to plural.
 
1. ସେ ଖାଏ ଭାତ।
 
2. ମୁଁ ପିଉ ଚା।
 
3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍।
 
4. ସେ ପିଏ ଜୁସ୍।
 
5. ଆମେ ଲେଖୁ କବିତା।
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 7 ====
 
1. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ଭାତ। (semāne khāānti bhāta.) - They eat rice.
 
2. ଆମେ ପିଉ ଚା। (āme pi'u chā.) - We drink tea.
 
3. ସେମାନେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍। (semāne keḷi gem.) - They play games.
 
4. ସେମାନେ ପିଏ ଜୁସ୍। (semāne pi'e jus.) - They drink juice.
 
5. ସେମାନେ ଲେଖନ୍ତି କବିତା। (semāne lekhanti kabitā.) - They write poems.
 
==== Exercise 8: Negative Sentences ====
 
Rewrite the following sentences in the negative form.
 
1. ମୁଁ ଖାଉ ଆମ୍ବ।
 
2. ସେ ପିଏ ପାଣି।
 
3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍।
 
4. ଆମେ ଲେଖୁ କବିତା।
 
5. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ପିଜ୍ଜା।
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 8 ====
 
1. ମୁଁ ଖାଉ ନାହିଁ ଆମ୍ବ। (muṁ khāu nāhiṁ āmb.) - I do not eat mango.
 
2. ସେ ପିଏ ନାହିଁ ପାଣି। (se pi'e nāhiṁ pāṇi.) - He/She does not drink water.
 
3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ନାହିଁ ଗେମ୍। (tume keḷi nāhiṁ gem.) - You do not play games.
 
4. ଆମେ ଲେଖୁ ନାହିଁ କବିତା। (āme lekhū nāhiṁ kabitā.) - We do not write poems.
 
5. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ନାହିଁ ପିଜ୍ଜା। (semāne khāānti nāhiṁ pījjā.) - They do not eat pizza.
 
==== Exercise 9: Short Answer Questions ====
 
Answer the following questions in one sentence using the present tense.
 
1. What do you eat?
 
2. What does he drink?
 
3. Where do they play?
 
4. What do we write?
 
5. What do you (formal) do?
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 9 ====
 
1. ମୁଁ ଆମ୍ବ ଖାଉ। (muṁ āmb khāu.) - I eat mango.
 
2. ସେ ପାଣି ପିଏ। (se pāṇi pi'e.) - He drinks water.
 
3. ସେମାନେ ବାଗିଚାରେ କେଳିବା। (semāne bāgichāre keḷibā.) - They play in the garden.
 
4. ଆମେ କବିତା ଲେଖୁ। (āme kabitā lekhū.) - We write poems.
 
5. ଆପଣ ଜାଣିଛନ୍ତି। (āpaṇa jāṇichanti.) - You (formal) know.
 
==== Exercise 10: Describe Your Day ====
 
Write 5 sentences about your daily routine using the present tense.
 
==== Sample Solutions for Exercise 10 ====
 
1. ମୁଁ ସକାଳେ ଉଠେ। (muṁ sakāḷe uṭhe.) - I wake up in the morning.
 
2. ମୁଁ ଦୁପରେ ଖାଉ ଭାତ। (muṁ duparē khāu bhāta.) - I eat rice in the afternoon.
 
3. ମୁଁ ସନ୍ଧ୍ୟାରେ ପିଉ ଚା। (muṁ sandhyāre pi'u chā.) - I drink tea in the evening.
 
4. ମୁଁ ରାତିରେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍। (muṁ rātirē keḷi gem.) - I play games at night.
 
5. ମୁଁ ପୁସ୍ତକ ପଢିବା। (muṁ pustak paḍhibā.) - I read books.
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson on the present tense in Odia! Keep practicing, and you'll continue to improve your skills. Every step you take brings you closer to fluency. Remember, language learning is a journey, and every bit of practice counts!
 
{{#seo:
 
|title=Odia Grammar Present Tense
 
|keywords=Odia, present tense, Odia grammar, learn Odia, Odia language
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use the present tense of Odia verbs, including examples, exercises, and practical applications.
 
}}
 
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<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span> <span temperature=1></span>
<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
 
==Videos==
 
===Present Indefinite Tense in Odia - 2 ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_i9KNnEY98A</youtube>
 
 
 
 
==Sources==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YsZvUZoWsjo english grammar tense in odia|| english grammar class for osssc ...]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odia_grammar Odia grammar - Wikipedia]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tbj2hIBM4Yg Odia Tense Chart Part 1|| Basic English Grammar - YouTube]
 
 
 
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Odia/Grammar/Basic-Syllable-Formation|Basic Syllable Formation]]
* [[Language/Odia/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Odia/Grammar/Vowels|Vowels]]
* [[Language/Odia/Grammar/Conjunctions|Conjunctions]]
* [[Language/Odia/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Odia/Grammar/Basic-Prepositions|Basic Prepositions]]
* [[Language/Odia/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Odia/Grammar/Word-Formation|Word Formation]]
* [[Language/Odia/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Odia/Grammar/Possessive-Pronouns|Possessive Pronouns]]
 
 




{{Odia-Page-Bottom}}
{{Odia-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Odia/Vocabulary/Ordering-in-a-Restaurant|◀️ Ordering in a Restaurant — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Odia/Grammar/Past-Tense|Next Lesson — Past Tense ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 10:16, 2 August 2024

◀️ Ordering in a Restaurant — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Past Tense ▶️

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Odia → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Present Tense

Welcome to the lesson on the Present Tense in Odia! Understanding how to express actions that are happening now is fundamental to mastering any language, and Odia is no exception. This lesson is particularly exciting because it opens the door to forming sentences that describe daily activities and thoughts, allowing you to communicate more effectively in your new language.

In this lesson, we will cover the following key points:

  • The structure of present tense verbs in Odia
  • How to conjugate verbs based on the subject
  • Examples illustrating the use of present tense
  • Exercises to practice what you've learned

By the end of this lesson, you'll feel comfortable using the present tense in Odia to express a variety of actions. So, let's dive in!

Understanding the Present Tense[edit | edit source]

The present tense in Odia is used to describe actions that are currently happening or habitual actions. In English, you might say "I eat," "She sings," or "They play." In Odia, the structure is somewhat similar but has its unique rules and conjugations depending on the subject of the sentence.

Structure of Present Tense Verbs[edit | edit source]

In Odia, the present tense verb form varies based on the subject pronoun. Here’s how it works:

  • Singular: I, You (informal), He/She
  • Plural: We, You (formal), They

The verb endings change according to the subject. For example, the verb "to eat" (ଖାଇବା, khāibā) will have different forms when conjugated for different subjects.

Conjugation of Common Verbs[edit | edit source]

Let's look at the basic conjugation of the verb "to eat" (ଖାଇବା, khāibā) in the present tense.

Subject Odia Pronunciation English
I ମୁଁ ଖାଉ muṁ khāu I eat
You (informal) ତୁମେ ଖାଉ tume khāu You eat
He/She ସେ ଖାଏ se khāe He/She eats
We ଆମେ ଖାଉ āme khāu We eat
You (formal) ଆପଣ ଖାନ୍ତି āpaṇa khānti You eat
They ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି semāne khāānti They eat

As you can see, the verb changes with the subject. The endings for "I," "You," and "We" are similar, while "He/She" and "They" have their unique forms.

Additional Examples[edit | edit source]

Let's explore some more verbs in the present tense to give you a clearer picture. We'll look at the verbs "to drink" (ପିଇବା, pi'ibā), "to write" (ଲେଖିବା, lekhībā), and "to play" (କେଳିବା, keḷibā).

Subject Drink (ପିଇବା) Write (ଲେଖିବା) Play (କେଳିବା)
I ମୁଁ ପିଉ muṁ pi'u ମୁଁ ଲେଖୁ muṁ lekhū ମୁଁ କେଳି muṁ keḷi
You (informal) ତୁମେ ପିଉ tume pi'u ତୁମେ ଲେଖୁ tume lekhū ତୁମେ କେଳି tume keḷi
He/She ସେ ପିଏ se pi'e ସେ ଲେଖେ se lekhē ସେ କେଳେ se keḷē
We ଆମେ ପିଉ āme pi'u ଆମେ ଲେଖୁ āme lekhū ଆମେ କେଳି āme keḷi
You (formal) ଆପଣ ପିଆ āpaṇa pi'ā ଆପଣ ଲେଖନ୍ତି āpaṇa lekhanti ଆପଣ କେଳନ୍ତି āpaṇa keḷanti
They ସେମାନେ ପିଆନ୍ତି semāne pi'ānti ସେମାନେ ଲେଖନ୍ତି semāne lekhanti ସେମାନେ କେଳନ୍ତି semāne keḷanti

This table shows how the verbs change for each subject. Notice the patterns in the endings, which will help you as you learn more verbs.

Practice Scenarios[edit | edit source]

Now that we've explored the present tense, let's put your knowledge to the test with some practice exercises. Here are ten scenarios where you can apply what you've learned.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in the present tense.

1. ମୁଁ (ଖାଇବା) __________ (to eat) ଆମ୍ବ.

2. ସେ (ପିଇବା) __________ (to drink) ପାଣି.

3. ତୁମେ (ଲେଖିବା) __________ (to write) କବିତା.

4. ଆମେ (କେଳିବା) __________ (to play) ବାସକେଟବଲ୍.

5. ସେମାନେ (ଖାଇବା) __________ (to eat) ପିଜ୍ଜା.

Solutions for Exercise 1[edit | edit source]

1. ମୁଁ ଖାଉ ଆମ୍ବ। (muṁ khāu āmb.) - I eat mango.

2. ସେ ପିଏ ପାଣି। (se pi'e pāṇi.) - He/She drinks water.

3. ତୁମେ ଲେଖୁ କବିତା। (tume lekhū kabitā.) - You write a poem.

4. ଆମେ କେଳି ବାସକେଟବଲ୍। (āme keḷi bāsketbal.) - We play basketball.

5. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ପିଜ୍ଜା। (semāne khāānti pījjā.) - They eat pizza.

Exercise 2: Translate the Following Sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the English sentences into Odia using the present tense.

1. I drink tea.

2. You (formal) play cricket.

3. They write letters.

4. He eats rice.

5. We drink juice.

Solutions for Exercise 2[edit | edit source]

1. ମୁଁ ଚା ପିଉ। (muṁ chā pi'u.) - I drink tea.

2. ଆପଣ କ୍ରିକେଟ୍ କେଳନ୍ତି। (āpaṇa krikeṭ keḷanti.) - You (formal) play cricket.

3. ସେମାନେ ଚିଠି ଲେଖନ୍ତି। (semāne chiṭhi lekhanti.) - They write letters.

4. ସେ ଭାତ ଖାଏ। (se bhāta khāe.) - He eats rice.

5. ଆମେ ଜୁସ୍ ପିଉ। (āme jus pi'u.) - We drink juice.

Exercise 3: Correct the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Identify and correct the mistakes in the following sentences.

1. ମୁଁ ପିଉ ଜୁସ୍। (I drink juice.)

2. ସେ ଖାଇ ପିଜ୍ଜା। (He eats pizza.)

3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍। (You play game.)

4. ସେମାନେ ଲେଖନ୍ତି ଚିଠି। (They write letter.)

5. ଆମେ ପିଏ ପାଣି। (We drink water.)

Solutions for Exercise 3[edit | edit source]

1. ମୁଁ ପିଉ ଜୁସ୍। (Correct as is.) - I drink juice.

2. ସେ ପିଏ ପିଜ୍ଜା। (se pi'e pījjā.) - He eats pizza.

3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍। (Correct as is.) - You play game.

4. ସେମାନେ ଲେଖନ୍ତି ଚିଠି। (semāne lekhanti chiṭhi.) - They write letters.

5. ଆମେ ପିଏ ପାଣି। (āme pi'e pāṇi.) - We drink water.

Exercise 4: Create Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

Using the verbs provided, create your own sentences in the present tense.

1. (ଖେଳିବା) - to play

2. (ଲେଖିବା) - to write

3. (ପଢିବା) - to read

4. (ଚାଲିବା) - to walk

5. (ଗାଇବା) - to sing

Solutions for Exercise 4[edit | edit source]

1. ମୁଁ ଖେଳି ବାସକେଟବଲ୍। (muṁ kheḷi bāsketbal.) - I play basketball.

2. ସେ ଲେଖେ କବିତା। (se lekhē kabitā.) - He/She writes a poem.

3. ତୁମେ ପଢୁ ଗପ। (tume paḍhu gapa.) - You read a story.

4. ଆମେ ଚାଲି ଗଲା। (āme chāli galā.) - We walk to the market.

5. ସେ ଗାଏ ଗୀତ। (se gā'e gīta.) - He/She sings a song.

= Exercise 5: Identify the Subject[edit | edit source]

Read the following sentences and identify the subject.

1. ମୁଁ ଖାଉ ଆମ୍ବ।

2. ସେ ପିଏ ପାଣି।

3. ତୁମେ ଲେଖୁ କବିତା।

4. ଆମେ କେଳି ବାସକେଟବଲ୍।

5. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ପିଜ୍ଜା।

Solutions for Exercise 5[edit | edit source]

1. Subject: ମୁଁ (I)

2. Subject: ସେ (He/She)

3. Subject: ତୁମେ (You informal)

4. Subject: ଆମେ (We)

5. Subject: ସେମାନେ (They)

Exercise 6: Verb Matching[edit | edit source]

Match the following verbs with their meanings.

1. ଖାଇବା

2. ପିଇବା

3. ଲେଖିବା

4. କେଳିବା

5. ଚାଲିବା

a. to eat

b. to drink

c. to write

d. to play

e. to walk

Solutions for Exercise 6[edit | edit source]

1. ଖାଇବା - a. to eat

2. ପିଇବା - b. to drink

3. ଲେଖିବା - c. to write

4. କେଳିବା - d. to play

5. ଚାଲିବା - e. to walk

Exercise 7: Sentence Transformation[edit | edit source]

Transform the sentences from singular to plural.

1. ସେ ଖାଏ ଭାତ।

2. ମୁଁ ପିଉ ଚା।

3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍।

4. ସେ ପିଏ ଜୁସ୍।

5. ଆମେ ଲେଖୁ କବିତା।

Solutions for Exercise 7[edit | edit source]

1. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ଭାତ। (semāne khāānti bhāta.) - They eat rice.

2. ଆମେ ପିଉ ଚା। (āme pi'u chā.) - We drink tea.

3. ସେମାନେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍। (semāne keḷi gem.) - They play games.

4. ସେମାନେ ପିଏ ଜୁସ୍। (semāne pi'e jus.) - They drink juice.

5. ସେମାନେ ଲେଖନ୍ତି କବିତା। (semāne lekhanti kabitā.) - They write poems.

Exercise 8: Negative Sentences[edit | edit source]

Rewrite the following sentences in the negative form.

1. ମୁଁ ଖାଉ ଆମ୍ବ।

2. ସେ ପିଏ ପାଣି।

3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍।

4. ଆମେ ଲେଖୁ କବିତା।

5. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ପିଜ୍ଜା।

Solutions for Exercise 8[edit | edit source]

1. ମୁଁ ଖାଉ ନାହିଁ ଆମ୍ବ। (muṁ khāu nāhiṁ āmb.) - I do not eat mango.

2. ସେ ପିଏ ନାହିଁ ପାଣି। (se pi'e nāhiṁ pāṇi.) - He/She does not drink water.

3. ତୁମେ କେଳି ନାହିଁ ଗେମ୍। (tume keḷi nāhiṁ gem.) - You do not play games.

4. ଆମେ ଲେଖୁ ନାହିଁ କବିତା। (āme lekhū nāhiṁ kabitā.) - We do not write poems.

5. ସେମାନେ ଖାଆନ୍ତି ନାହିଁ ପିଜ୍ଜା। (semāne khāānti nāhiṁ pījjā.) - They do not eat pizza.

Exercise 9: Short Answer Questions[edit | edit source]

Answer the following questions in one sentence using the present tense.

1. What do you eat?

2. What does he drink?

3. Where do they play?

4. What do we write?

5. What do you (formal) do?

Solutions for Exercise 9[edit | edit source]

1. ମୁଁ ଆମ୍ବ ଖାଉ। (muṁ āmb khāu.) - I eat mango.

2. ସେ ପାଣି ପିଏ। (se pāṇi pi'e.) - He drinks water.

3. ସେମାନେ ବାଗିଚାରେ କେଳିବା। (semāne bāgichāre keḷibā.) - They play in the garden.

4. ଆମେ କବିତା ଲେଖୁ। (āme kabitā lekhū.) - We write poems.

5. ଆପଣ ଜାଣିଛନ୍ତି। (āpaṇa jāṇichanti.) - You (formal) know.

Exercise 10: Describe Your Day[edit | edit source]

Write 5 sentences about your daily routine using the present tense.

Sample Solutions for Exercise 10[edit | edit source]

1. ମୁଁ ସକାଳେ ଉଠେ। (muṁ sakāḷe uṭhe.) - I wake up in the morning.

2. ମୁଁ ଦୁପରେ ଖାଉ ଭାତ। (muṁ duparē khāu bhāta.) - I eat rice in the afternoon.

3. ମୁଁ ସନ୍ଧ୍ୟାରେ ପିଉ ଚା। (muṁ sandhyāre pi'u chā.) - I drink tea in the evening.

4. ମୁଁ ରାତିରେ କେଳି ଗେମ୍। (muṁ rātirē keḷi gem.) - I play games at night.

5. ମୁଁ ପୁସ୍ତକ ପଢିବା। (muṁ pustak paḍhibā.) - I read books.

Congratulations on completing this lesson on the present tense in Odia! Keep practicing, and you'll continue to improve your skills. Every step you take brings you closer to fluency. Remember, language learning is a journey, and every bit of practice counts!

Table of Contents - Odia Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Odia Alphabet


Odia Syllables and Words


Basic Greetings and Phrases


Simple Sentences


Numbers and Time


Questions and Interrogatives


Family and Relationships


Adjectives and Descriptions


Food and Dining


Verbs and Actions


Travel and Transportation


Pronouns and Possession


Weather and Seasons


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Odia Festivals and Celebrations


Odia Art and Music

Videos[edit | edit source]

Present Indefinite Tense in Odia - 2 ...[edit | edit source]



Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]




◀️ Ordering in a Restaurant — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Past Tense ▶️

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