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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Turkmen|Turkmen]]  → [[Language/Turkmen/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Turkmen/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Using Conjunctions</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Turkmen|Turkmen]]  → [[Language/Turkmen/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Turkmen/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Using Conjunctions</div>
 
Welcome to our lesson on '''Using Conjunctions''' in Turkmen! Conjunctions play a crucial role in creating complex sentences and connecting ideas, which is vital for effective communication. In this lesson, you'll learn how to use common conjunctions such as '''and, or, but,''' and '''because''' in Turkmen. This will help you form more nuanced sentences and express yourself more clearly in the language.
 
In the Turkmen language, conjunctions serve to link words, phrases, or clauses, making your speech and writing more fluid and interconnected. Understanding how to use these conjunctions will not only enhance your vocabulary but will also give you the tools to express more complex thoughts and ideas. So, let's dive into this exciting aspect of Turkmen grammar!


__TOC__
__TOC__


<h2>Introduction</h2>
=== Overview of Conjunctions ===


In this lesson, we will explore the usage of conjunctions in the Turkmen language. Conjunctions are essential in connecting words, phrases, and clauses to form meaningful sentences. By understanding how to use conjunctions, you will be able to express complex ideas and thoughts more effectively in Turkmen. This lesson will provide you with a comprehensive understanding of the different types of conjunctions and their usage in various contexts. We will cover conjunctions such as and, or, but, and because, among others.
Conjunctions are words that connect different parts of a sentence. In Turkmen, just like in English, they help in forming compound sentences. The main conjunctions we'll cover in this lesson include:


<h2>The Importance of Using Conjunctions</h2>
* '''and''' (we)


Conjunctions play a vital role in Turkmen grammar as they establish relationships between words, phrases, and clauses. They allow us to combine ideas, express contrast, provide reasons, and much more. Without conjunctions, our sentences would lack coherence and clarity. Therefore, mastering the usage of conjunctions is crucial for developing strong communication skills in Turkmen.
* '''or''' (ya-da)


<h2>Structure of the Lesson</h2>
* '''but''' (emma)


This lesson will consist of three main sections:
* '''because''' (çünki)


1. Introduction to Conjunctions: We will start by introducing the concept of conjunctions and providing an overview of their role in Turkmen grammar. We will explore the different types of conjunctions and their functions.
Each of these conjunctions serves a unique purpose and can change the meaning of a sentence. Let's explore each one in detail!


2. Usage of Conjunctions: In this section, we will delve into the details of how to use conjunctions in Turkmen. We will provide numerous examples to illustrate each point and ensure a clear understanding of their usage.
=== The Conjunction "And" (we) ===


3. Cultural Insights: Turkmen language is deeply intertwined with the culture and history of Turkmenistan. In this section, we will explore any regional variations in the usage or understanding of conjunctions and discuss any historical reasons for these differences. We will also share interesting cultural facts or anecdotes that relate to the topic.
The conjunction '''"we"''' is used to connect similar ideas or add more information. It functions similarly to the English word '''"and."'''


4. Exercises: To solidify your understanding of conjunctions, we have prepared a series of exercises and practice scenarios. These exercises will provide you with an opportunity to apply what you have learned and enhance your skills in using conjunctions effectively.
==== Examples of "And" ====


Now, let's begin our exploration of conjunctions in the Turkmen language!
Here are some examples of how to use "we" in sentences:


<h2>Introduction to Conjunctions</h2>
{| class="wikitable"


Conjunctions are words or phrases that connect words, phrases, or clauses within a sentence. They establish relationships between these elements and provide a logical flow to the overall structure of a sentence. In Turkmen, conjunctions enable us to express various relationships, such as addition, contrast, cause and effect, and condition, among others.
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English


<h3>Types of Conjunctions</h3>
|-


Turkmen language features several types of conjunctions, including coordinating conjunctions, subordinating conjunctions, and correlative conjunctions.
| Men türkmenim we özüm bilen gurur edýärin. || Men türkmenim we özüm bilen gurur edýärin. || I am Turkmen and I am proud of myself.


- Coordinating Conjunctions: Coordinating conjunctions connect words, phrases, or independent clauses of equal importance. They include words such as "we" (and), "ja" (or), and "birde" (but). These conjunctions are used to join similar elements within a sentence.
|-


- Subordinating Conjunctions: Subordinating conjunctions introduce subordinate clauses, which depend on the main clause to form a complete thought. They establish a relationship of dependence or subordination between the clauses. Examples of subordinating conjunctions in Turkmen include "çünki" (because), "ýatda" (while), and "eýýam" (if).
| Ol kitap okap we film görýär. || Ol kitap okap we film görýär. || He reads books and watches movies.


- Correlative Conjunctions: Correlative conjunctions are pairs of words that work together to connect elements within a sentence. They include combinations such as "hem...hem" (both...and), "hem-de...hem-de" (not only...but also), and "yoksa...yoksa" (either...or). These conjunctions are used to express alternatives, similarities, or contrasts.
|-


<h2>Usage of Conjunctions</h2>
| Biz bagda gezip we piknik ederis. || Biz bagda gezip we piknik ederis. || We will walk in the park and have a picnic.


<h3>Coordinating Conjunctions</h3>
|-


Coordinating conjunctions are used to connect words, phrases, or independent clauses of equal importance. They establish relationships of addition, contrast, or alternative choices within a sentence. Let's explore the usage of some common coordinating conjunctions in Turkmen:
| Sen gowy bilim alýan we gowy işde işleýän. || Sen gowy bilim alýan we gowy işde işleýän. || You are receiving a good education and working in a good job.


1. "We" (and): This conjunction is used to join words, phrases, or clauses that are similar or related in meaning.
|-
 
| Ol gowy oýun oýnaýar we ýeňiş gazanýar. || Ol gowy oýun oýnaýar we ýeňiş gazanýar. || He plays well and wins.


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| aga we gyz || a-ga we gyz || brother and sister
|-
| garaşsyz we et || ga-ra-shyz we et || meat and potatoes
|-
| ýene-de we ýöreýär || ye-ne-de we yor-ey-ar || he/she walks and runs
|}
|}


2. "Ja" (or): This conjunction is used to present alternative choices or possibilities.
=== The Conjunction "Or" (ya-da) ===
 
The conjunction '''"ya-da"''' is used to present alternatives or choices, similar to the English word '''"or."'''
 
==== Examples of "Or" ====
 
Let's look at some examples using "ya-da":


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ol ja meniň dostum || ol ja me-nin dos-tum || he/she or my friend
 
| Sen çay içersiň ýa-da kofe? || Sen çay içersiň ýa-da kofe? || Will you drink tea or coffee?
 
|-
|-
| garaşsyz ja gözlegiňiz ýoksa hünär merkeziňiz || ga-ra-shyz ja göz-le-gi-niz yok-sa hü-nar mer-ke-zi-niz || meat or vegetables
 
| Ol öýde miwe ýa-da sabzaw bar. || Ol öýde miwe ýa-da sabzaw bar. || There is fruit or vegetables at home.
 
|-
|-
| ýöne-de ja gürrüň || yor-ne-de ja gürrün || walk or run
|}


3. "Birde" (but): This conjunction is used to express contrast or contradiction between two elements.
| Biz kino göreris ýa-da kitap okarys. || Biz kino göreris ýa-da kitap okarys. || We will watch a movie or read a book.


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| men gelenim, birde sen gitmeli || men ge-le-nim, bir-de sen git-me-li || I am coming, but you should go
 
| Sen daşary çykarsyň ýa-da öýde galarsyň? || Sen daşary çykarsyň ýa-da öýde galarsyň? || Will you go out or stay home?
 
|-
|-
| garaşsyz birde saryşaňyz ýok || ga-ra-shyz bir-de sa-ry-sha-niz yok || meat, but no vegetables
 
|-
| Ol işde ýa-da öýde bolýar. || Ol işde ýa-da öýde bolýar. || He is either at work or at home.
| ýöne-de birde otur || yor-ne-de bir-de o-tur || walk, but sit
 
|}
|}


<h3>Subordinating Conjunctions</h3>
=== The Conjunction "But" (emma) ===
 
The conjunction '''"emma"''' is used to contrast ideas, similar to the English word '''"but."'''


Subordinating conjunctions join a subordinate clause to a main clause, creating a complex sentence structure. The subordinate clause depends on the main clause to convey a complete thought. Let's explore the usage of some common subordinating conjunctions in Turkmen:
==== Examples of "But" ====


1. "Çünki" (because): This conjunction is used to indicate a cause or reason for a certain situation or action.
Here are ways to use "emma" in sentences:


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| men ýoruldygym çünki işiňiň söýgüsi bar || men yor-ul-dygym çün-ki i-şi-ñiň sô-y-gü-si bar || I am tired because the work is difficult
 
| Men gowy oýnamadyk, emma maňa kömek ediň. || Men gowy oýnamadyk, emma maňa kömek ediň. || I didn’t play well, but help me.
 
|-
|-
| ýatda gelenler geçmeýärler çünki kapalı || ýat-da ge-len-ler geç-me-yar-ler çün-ki ka-pa-lı || people don't pass because it is closed
 
| Ol öýde dowam edýär, emma işini etmeýär. || Ol öýde dowam edýär, emma işini etmeýär. || He continues at home, but doesn’t do his work.
 
|-
|-
| eýýam gelenç, çünki gowşurýar || e-ý-ýam ge-lenç, çün-ki go-wşu-rýar || if it rains, because it is cloudy
|}


2. "Ýatda" (while): This conjunction is used to indicate a simultaneous action or situation.
| Biz gezişde gitdik, emma ýagmur yağdy. || Biz gezişde gitdik, emma ýagmur yağdy. || We went for a walk, but it rained.


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| men iş edýärken, ýatda sen uýanýarsyň || men iş e-dýär-ken, ýat-da sen u-ýa-nýar-syň || I work while you sleep
 
|-
| Sen gowy pikir edýäň, emma ýerine ýetirip bilmersiň. || Sen gowy pikir edýäň, emma ýerine ýetirip bilmersiň. || You have good ideas, but you can’t execute them.
| garaşsyz ýatda oturýanlar çykýar || ga-ra-shyz ýat-da o-tu-rýan-lar çy-kýar || meat while sitting, people leave
 
|-
|-
| ýöne-de ýatda gelenler geçýär || yor-ne-de ýat-da ge-len-ler geç-ýar || walk while people are coming
|}


3. "Eýýam" (if): This conjunction is used to express a condition or possibility.
| Ol kitap okap, emma hiç zat ýadynda galdyrmaýar. || Ol kitap okap, emma hiç zat ýadynda galdyrmaýar. || He reads books, but remembers nothing.


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| men gelýäris, eýýam siz ýokarsyňyz || men ge-lýä-ris, e-ý-ýam siz ýo-kar-syňyz || I will come if you are not there
|-
| garaşsyz eýýam saryşaňyz ýok || ga-ra-shyz e-ý-ýam sa-ry-şa-ňyz ýok || meat if there are no vegetables
|-
| ýöne-de eýýam oturýaňyz || yor-ne-de e-ý-ýam o-tu-rýa-ňyz || walk if you sit
|}
|}


<h3>Correlative Conjunctions</h3>
=== The Conjunction "Because" (çünki) ===
 
The conjunction '''"çünki"''' is used to provide reasoning or explanation, similar to the English word '''"because."'''


Correlative conjunctions are pairs of words that work together to connect elements within a sentence. They are used to express alternatives, similarities, or contrasts. Let's explore the usage of some common correlative conjunctions in Turkmen:
==== Examples of "Because" ====


1. "Hem...hem" (both...and): This pair of conjunctions is used to indicate the presence of two similar elements or ideas.
Here are some examples using "çünki":


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| men hem kitap okap hem telewizor seýredýärin || men he-m ki-tap o-kap he-m te-le-wi-zor se-ýre-dýär-in || I both read books and watch TV
 
| Men öýde galýaryn, çünki ýagmur yağýar. || Men öýde galýaryn, çünki ýagmur yağýar. || I am staying home because it is raining.
 
|-
|-
| garaşsyz hem-de gyzlegiňiz hem-de hünär merkeziňiz ýok || ga-ra-shyz hem-de gy-zle-gi-ňiz hem-de hü-nar mer-ke-zi-ňiz ýok || meat both vegetables and art center
 
| Ol işini ýerine ýetirýär, çünki köp pikir edýär. || Ol işini ýerine ýetirýär, çünki köp pikir edýär. || He performs his work because he thinks a lot.
 
|-
|-
| ýöne-de hem-de garaşýar hem-de ýatyr || yor-ne-de hem-de ga-ra-şýar hem-de ýa-tyr || walk both run and sit
|}


2. "Hem-de...hem-de" (not only...but also): This pair of conjunctions is used to express alternatives or additional elements or ideas.
| Biz gezelenç etmäge gitýäris, çünki boş wagtymyz bar. || Biz gezelenç etmäge gitýäris, çünki boş wagtymyz bar. || We are going for a walk because we have free time.


Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ol hem-de gyz hem-de dost || ol hem-de gyz hem-de dost || he/she not only a girl but also a friend
 
| Sen gowy ýazýarsyň, çünki köp kitap okadyň. || Sen gowy ýazýarsyň, çünki köp kitap okadyň. || You write well because you have read many books.
 
|-
|-
| garaşsyz hem-de saryşaňyz hem-de gözleýärsiňiz || ga-ra-shyz hem-de sa-ry-şa-ňyz hem-de göz-le-ýär-si-ňiz || meat not only vegetables but also fruits
 
|-
| Ol bagyşlanmaz, çünki onuň sebäbi ýok. || Ol bagyşlanmaz, çünki onuň sebäbi ýok. || He will not be forgiven because there is no reason.
| ýöne-de hem-de garaşýar hem-de ýatyr || yor-ne-de hem-de ga-ra-şýar hem-de ýa-tyr || walk not only run but also sit
 
|}
|}


3. "Yoksa...yoksa" (either...or): This pair of conjunctions is used to present alternative choices or possibilities.
=== Summary of Conjunctions ===


Examples:
To summarize, we have learned about four important conjunctions in Turkmen: '''we (and), ya-da (or), emma (but),''' and '''çünki (because).''' Each of these conjunctions serves a distinct function in sentence construction and can greatly enhance your ability to communicate effectively in Turkmen.
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
Now that you have a solid understanding of how to use these conjunctions, let's put your knowledge to the test with some exercises!
|-
 
| men garaja gitsem yoksa işe gitsem || men ga-ra-ja git-sem yok-sa i-şe git-sem || Should I go to the garage or to work?
=== Exercises ===
|-
 
| garaşsyz yoksa saryşaňyz ýok || ga-ra-shyz yok-sa sa-ry-şa-ňyz ýok || meat either vegetables or fruits
Here are '''10 exercises''' for you to practice what you have learned. Try to complete each exercise and then check your answers with the provided solutions.
|-
 
| ýöne-de yoksa garaşýar yoksa ýatyr || yor-ne-de yok-sa ga-ra-şýar yok-sa ýa-tyr || walk either run or sit
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with "we" (and) ====
|}
 
1. Men kitap okap ___ film görýärin.
 
2. Ol gowy ýürekli ___ akylly adam.
 
3. Biz bagda gezip ___ piknik ederis.
 
4. Sen çay içip ___ kofe içmeli.
 
5. Ol şirin ___ gyzyl miweleri gowy görýär.
 
==== Exercise 2: Choose the correct conjunction (ya-da) or (we) ====
 
1. Sen daşary çykar ýa-da öýde galarsyň.
 
2. Ol kino görýär ýa-da teatr gitýär.
 
3. Biz bagda gezip we piknik ederis.
 
4. Sen çay ýa-da kofe içmeli.
 
5. Ol işde ýa-da öýde bolýar.
 
==== Exercise 3: Create sentences using "emma" (but) ====
 
1. Men gowy oýnamadym, ___ maňa kömek et.
 
2. Ol öýde dowam edýär, ___ işini etmeýär.
 
3. Biz gezişde gitdik, ___ ýagmur yağdy.
 
4. Sen gowy pikir edýäň, ___ ýerine ýetirip bilmersiň.
 
5. Ol kitap okap, ___ hiç zat ýadynda galdyrmaýar.
 
==== Exercise 4: Fill in the blanks with "çünki" (because) ====
 
1. Men öýde galýaryn, ___ ýagmur ýagýar.
 
2. Ol işini ýerine ýetirýär, ___ köp pikir edýär.
 
3. Biz gezelenç etmäge gitýäris, ___ boş wagtymyz bar.
 
4. Sen gowy ýazýarsyň, ___ köp kitap okadyň.
 
5. Ol bagyşlanmaz, ___ onuň sebäbi ýok.
 
==== Exercise 5: Translate the following sentences into Turkmen using the conjunctions learned ====
 
1. I love tea and coffee.
 
2. Will you watch a movie or read a book?
 
3. She is smart but lazy.
 
4. He didn't study because he was tired.
 
5. We can go to the park or the beach.
 
=== Solutions to Exercises ===
 
Now, let's check your answers to the exercises.
 
==== Solutions to Exercise 1 ====
 
1. we
 
2. we
 
3. we
 
4. ya-da
 
5. we
 
==== Solutions to Exercise 2 ====
 
1. ya-da
 
2. ya-da
 
3. we
 
4. ya-da
 
5. ya-da
 
==== Solutions to Exercise 3 ====
 
1. emma
 
2. emma
 
3. emma
 
4. emma
 
5. emma


<h2>Cultural Insights</h2>
==== Solutions to Exercise 4 ====


The usage of conjunctions in Turkmen language reflects the cultural values and traditions of Turkmenistan. The Turkmen people have a rich history and a strong connection to their language, which is evident in their use of conjunctions. The way conjunctions are employed in Turkmen sentences can convey subtle nuances and cultural meanings.
1. çünki


One interesting cultural fact is that Turkmen language places a strong emphasis on hospitality and politeness. This is reflected in the use of conjunctions when expressing preferences, choices, or alternatives. Turkmen people often use the correlative conjunction "yoksa...yoksa" (either...or) to present options in a respectful and considerate manner. This reflects the Turkmen value of providing choices and ensuring the comfort of others.
2. çünki


Another cultural aspect related to conjunctions is the influence of Turkmen folklore and traditional storytelling. Turkmenistan has a rich oral tradition, and storytelling plays an essential role in preserving cultural heritage. Conjunctions are used strategically in storytelling to create suspense, convey emotions, and build connections between different elements of the narrative. Understanding the usage of conjunctions in Turkmen can enhance your appreciation of traditional Turkmen stories and folklore.
3. çünki


<h2>Exercises</h2>
4. çünki


1. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate coordinating conjunction: "we" (and), "ja" (or), or "birde" (but).
5. çünki


a. Men kitap okarýaryn, ____ sen TV seýreýärsiň.
==== Solutions to Exercise 5 ====
b. Garaşsyz saryşaňyz ýok, ____ gözlegiňiz ýoksa hünär merkeziňiz.
c. Ol işe gitmek isleýär, ____ garaja gitmek isleýär.
d. Ýene-de ýürýäýärsiň, ____ ýatýaryn.


2. Complete the sentences with the appropriate subordinating conjunction: "çünki" (because), "ýatda" (while), or "eýýam" (if).
1. Men çayı we kofeni gowy görýärin.


a. Men ýoruldygym ____ işiňiň söýgüsi bar.
2. Sen kino görersiň ýa-da kitap okarsyň?
b. Ol ýatda uýanýar, ____ men iş edýärin.
c. Garaşsyz ýatda oturýanlar çykýar, ____ ýürýäýärsiň.
d. Ol sowuk däl, ____ ýatda garaşýar.


3. Use the appropriate correlative conjunctions to complete the sentences: "hem...hem" (both...and), "hem-de...hem-de" (not only...but also), or "yoksa...yoksa" (either...or).
3. Ol akylly, emma lazym.


a. Men hem-de kitap okarýaryn, ____ telewizor seýredýärin.
4. Ol öwrenmedi, çünki ysgynsyzdy.
b. Ol hem-de gyz, ____ dosty.
c. Garaşsyz hem-de saryşaňyz, ____ gözleýärsiňiz.
d. Ýöne-de ____ ýatyr, ____ ýürýäýärsiň.


<h2>Conclusion</h2>
5. Biz bagy ýa-da plažy gitmek mümkin.


Congratulations! You have completed the lesson on using conjunctions in Turkmen. By understanding the different types of conjunctions and their usage, you are now equipped to create more complex and meaningful sentences in Turkmen. Remember to practice using conjunctions in various contexts to enhance your language skills. Keep exploring the Turkmen language and culture, as they are intertwined in beautiful and unique ways. Happy learning!
Congratulations! You have successfully navigated through this lesson on conjunctions in Turkmen. Keep practicing your skills, and soon enough, you’ll be able to construct more complex sentences with ease! Remember, the key to mastering a language is consistent practice and application.


{{#seo:
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|title=Turkmen Grammar → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Using Conjunctions
 
|keywords=Turkmen grammar, Turkmen conjunctions, coordinating conjunctions, subordinating conjunctions, correlative conjunctions, Turkmen culture
|title=Turkmen Grammar Lessons on Conjunctions
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use conjunctions in Turkmen, such as and, or, but, and because. Explore the different types of conjunctions and their usage in various contexts. Discover interesting cultural insights related to conjunctions in Turkmenistan.
 
|keywords=Turkmen language, conjunctions, we, ya-da, emma, çünki, language learning
 
|description=In this Turkmen lesson, you will learn how to use conjunctions like "and," "or," "but," and "because" to improve your sentence construction and communication skills.
 
}}
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==Sources==
==Sources==

Latest revision as of 05:21, 2 August 2024

◀️ Common Prepositions — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Common Hobbies ▶️

Turkmen-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Turkmen → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Using Conjunctions

Welcome to our lesson on Using Conjunctions in Turkmen! Conjunctions play a crucial role in creating complex sentences and connecting ideas, which is vital for effective communication. In this lesson, you'll learn how to use common conjunctions such as and, or, but, and because in Turkmen. This will help you form more nuanced sentences and express yourself more clearly in the language.

In the Turkmen language, conjunctions serve to link words, phrases, or clauses, making your speech and writing more fluid and interconnected. Understanding how to use these conjunctions will not only enhance your vocabulary but will also give you the tools to express more complex thoughts and ideas. So, let's dive into this exciting aspect of Turkmen grammar!

Overview of Conjunctions[edit | edit source]

Conjunctions are words that connect different parts of a sentence. In Turkmen, just like in English, they help in forming compound sentences. The main conjunctions we'll cover in this lesson include:

  • and (we)
  • or (ya-da)
  • but (emma)
  • because (çünki)

Each of these conjunctions serves a unique purpose and can change the meaning of a sentence. Let's explore each one in detail!

The Conjunction "And" (we)[edit | edit source]

The conjunction "we" is used to connect similar ideas or add more information. It functions similarly to the English word "and."

Examples of "And"[edit | edit source]

Here are some examples of how to use "we" in sentences:

Turkmen Pronunciation English
Men türkmenim we özüm bilen gurur edýärin. Men türkmenim we özüm bilen gurur edýärin. I am Turkmen and I am proud of myself.
Ol kitap okap we film görýär. Ol kitap okap we film görýär. He reads books and watches movies.
Biz bagda gezip we piknik ederis. Biz bagda gezip we piknik ederis. We will walk in the park and have a picnic.
Sen gowy bilim alýan we gowy işde işleýän. Sen gowy bilim alýan we gowy işde işleýän. You are receiving a good education and working in a good job.
Ol gowy oýun oýnaýar we ýeňiş gazanýar. Ol gowy oýun oýnaýar we ýeňiş gazanýar. He plays well and wins.

The Conjunction "Or" (ya-da)[edit | edit source]

The conjunction "ya-da" is used to present alternatives or choices, similar to the English word "or."

Examples of "Or"[edit | edit source]

Let's look at some examples using "ya-da":

Turkmen Pronunciation English
Sen çay içersiň ýa-da kofe? Sen çay içersiň ýa-da kofe? Will you drink tea or coffee?
Ol öýde miwe ýa-da sabzaw bar. Ol öýde miwe ýa-da sabzaw bar. There is fruit or vegetables at home.
Biz kino göreris ýa-da kitap okarys. Biz kino göreris ýa-da kitap okarys. We will watch a movie or read a book.
Sen daşary çykarsyň ýa-da öýde galarsyň? Sen daşary çykarsyň ýa-da öýde galarsyň? Will you go out or stay home?
Ol işde ýa-da öýde bolýar. Ol işde ýa-da öýde bolýar. He is either at work or at home.

The Conjunction "But" (emma)[edit | edit source]

The conjunction "emma" is used to contrast ideas, similar to the English word "but."

Examples of "But"[edit | edit source]

Here are ways to use "emma" in sentences:

Turkmen Pronunciation English
Men gowy oýnamadyk, emma maňa kömek ediň. Men gowy oýnamadyk, emma maňa kömek ediň. I didn’t play well, but help me.
Ol öýde dowam edýär, emma işini etmeýär. Ol öýde dowam edýär, emma işini etmeýär. He continues at home, but doesn’t do his work.
Biz gezişde gitdik, emma ýagmur yağdy. Biz gezişde gitdik, emma ýagmur yağdy. We went for a walk, but it rained.
Sen gowy pikir edýäň, emma ýerine ýetirip bilmersiň. Sen gowy pikir edýäň, emma ýerine ýetirip bilmersiň. You have good ideas, but you can’t execute them.
Ol kitap okap, emma hiç zat ýadynda galdyrmaýar. Ol kitap okap, emma hiç zat ýadynda galdyrmaýar. He reads books, but remembers nothing.

The Conjunction "Because" (çünki)[edit | edit source]

The conjunction "çünki" is used to provide reasoning or explanation, similar to the English word "because."

Examples of "Because"[edit | edit source]

Here are some examples using "çünki":

Turkmen Pronunciation English
Men öýde galýaryn, çünki ýagmur yağýar. Men öýde galýaryn, çünki ýagmur yağýar. I am staying home because it is raining.
Ol işini ýerine ýetirýär, çünki köp pikir edýär. Ol işini ýerine ýetirýär, çünki köp pikir edýär. He performs his work because he thinks a lot.
Biz gezelenç etmäge gitýäris, çünki boş wagtymyz bar. Biz gezelenç etmäge gitýäris, çünki boş wagtymyz bar. We are going for a walk because we have free time.
Sen gowy ýazýarsyň, çünki köp kitap okadyň. Sen gowy ýazýarsyň, çünki köp kitap okadyň. You write well because you have read many books.
Ol bagyşlanmaz, çünki onuň sebäbi ýok. Ol bagyşlanmaz, çünki onuň sebäbi ýok. He will not be forgiven because there is no reason.

Summary of Conjunctions[edit | edit source]

To summarize, we have learned about four important conjunctions in Turkmen: we (and), ya-da (or), emma (but), and çünki (because). Each of these conjunctions serves a distinct function in sentence construction and can greatly enhance your ability to communicate effectively in Turkmen.

Now that you have a solid understanding of how to use these conjunctions, let's put your knowledge to the test with some exercises!

Exercises[edit | edit source]

Here are 10 exercises for you to practice what you have learned. Try to complete each exercise and then check your answers with the provided solutions.

Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with "we" (and)[edit | edit source]

1. Men kitap okap ___ film görýärin.

2. Ol gowy ýürekli ___ akylly adam.

3. Biz bagda gezip ___ piknik ederis.

4. Sen çay içip ___ kofe içmeli.

5. Ol şirin ___ gyzyl miweleri gowy görýär.

Exercise 2: Choose the correct conjunction (ya-da) or (we)[edit | edit source]

1. Sen daşary çykar ýa-da öýde galarsyň.

2. Ol kino görýär ýa-da teatr gitýär.

3. Biz bagda gezip we piknik ederis.

4. Sen çay ýa-da kofe içmeli.

5. Ol işde ýa-da öýde bolýar.

Exercise 3: Create sentences using "emma" (but)[edit | edit source]

1. Men gowy oýnamadym, ___ maňa kömek et.

2. Ol öýde dowam edýär, ___ işini etmeýär.

3. Biz gezişde gitdik, ___ ýagmur yağdy.

4. Sen gowy pikir edýäň, ___ ýerine ýetirip bilmersiň.

5. Ol kitap okap, ___ hiç zat ýadynda galdyrmaýar.

Exercise 4: Fill in the blanks with "çünki" (because)[edit | edit source]

1. Men öýde galýaryn, ___ ýagmur ýagýar.

2. Ol işini ýerine ýetirýär, ___ köp pikir edýär.

3. Biz gezelenç etmäge gitýäris, ___ boş wagtymyz bar.

4. Sen gowy ýazýarsyň, ___ köp kitap okadyň.

5. Ol bagyşlanmaz, ___ onuň sebäbi ýok.

Exercise 5: Translate the following sentences into Turkmen using the conjunctions learned[edit | edit source]

1. I love tea and coffee.

2. Will you watch a movie or read a book?

3. She is smart but lazy.

4. He didn't study because he was tired.

5. We can go to the park or the beach.

Solutions to Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now, let's check your answers to the exercises.

Solutions to Exercise 1[edit | edit source]

1. we

2. we

3. we

4. ya-da

5. we

Solutions to Exercise 2[edit | edit source]

1. ya-da

2. ya-da

3. we

4. ya-da

5. ya-da

Solutions to Exercise 3[edit | edit source]

1. emma

2. emma

3. emma

4. emma

5. emma

Solutions to Exercise 4[edit | edit source]

1. çünki

2. çünki

3. çünki

4. çünki

5. çünki

Solutions to Exercise 5[edit | edit source]

1. Men çayı we kofeni gowy görýärin.

2. Sen kino görersiň ýa-da kitap okarsyň?

3. Ol akylly, emma lazym.

4. Ol öwrenmedi, çünki ysgynsyzdy.

5. Biz bagy ýa-da plažy gitmek mümkin.

Congratulations! You have successfully navigated through this lesson on conjunctions in Turkmen. Keep practicing your skills, and soon enough, you’ll be able to construct more complex sentences with ease! Remember, the key to mastering a language is consistent practice and application.

Table of Contents - Turkmen Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Pronouns and Verbs


Numbers and Time


Nouns and Adjectives


Family and Relationships


Turkmen Customs and Traditions


Food and Dining


Asking Questions


Travel and Transportation


Geography and Landmarks


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Hobbies and Leisure Activities


Turkmen Art and Literature

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Common Prepositions — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Common Hobbies ▶️

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