Language/Turkmen/Grammar/Using-Conjunctions

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Turkmen → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Using Conjunctions

Welcome to our lesson on Using Conjunctions in Turkmen! Conjunctions play a crucial role in creating complex sentences and connecting ideas, which is vital for effective communication. In this lesson, you'll learn how to use common conjunctions such as and, or, but, and because in Turkmen. This will help you form more nuanced sentences and express yourself more clearly in the language.

In the Turkmen language, conjunctions serve to link words, phrases, or clauses, making your speech and writing more fluid and interconnected. Understanding how to use these conjunctions will not only enhance your vocabulary but will also give you the tools to express more complex thoughts and ideas. So, let's dive into this exciting aspect of Turkmen grammar!

Overview of Conjunctions

Conjunctions are words that connect different parts of a sentence. In Turkmen, just like in English, they help in forming compound sentences. The main conjunctions we'll cover in this lesson include:

• and (we)

• or (ya-da)

• but (emma)

• because (çünki)

Each of these conjunctions serves a unique purpose and can change the meaning of a sentence. Let's explore each one in detail!

The Conjunction "And" (we)

The conjunction "we" is used to connect similar ideas or add more information. It functions similarly to the English word "and."

Examples of "And"

Here are some examples of how to use "we" in sentences:

Turkmen	Pronunciation	English
Men türkmenim we özüm bilen gurur edýärin.	Men türkmenim we özüm bilen gurur edýärin.	I am Turkmen and I am proud of myself.
Ol kitap okap we film görýär.	Ol kitap okap we film görýär.	He reads books and watches movies.
Biz bagda gezip we piknik ederis.	Biz bagda gezip we piknik ederis.	We will walk in the park and have a picnic.
Sen gowy bilim alýan we gowy işde işleýän.	Sen gowy bilim alýan we gowy işde işleýän.	You are receiving a good education and working in a good job.
Ol gowy oýun oýnaýar we ýeňiş gazanýar.	Ol gowy oýun oýnaýar we ýeňiş gazanýar.	He plays well and wins.

The Conjunction "Or" (ya-da)

The conjunction "ya-da" is used to present alternatives or choices, similar to the English word "or."

Examples of "Or"

Let's look at some examples using "ya-da":

Turkmen	Pronunciation	English
Sen çay içersiň ýa-da kofe?	Sen çay içersiň ýa-da kofe?	Will you drink tea or coffee?
Ol öýde miwe ýa-da sabzaw bar.	Ol öýde miwe ýa-da sabzaw bar.	There is fruit or vegetables at home.
Biz kino göreris ýa-da kitap okarys.	Biz kino göreris ýa-da kitap okarys.	We will watch a movie or read a book.
Sen daşary çykarsyň ýa-da öýde galarsyň?	Sen daşary çykarsyň ýa-da öýde galarsyň?	Will you go out or stay home?
Ol işde ýa-da öýde bolýar.	Ol işde ýa-da öýde bolýar.	He is either at work or at home.

The Conjunction "But" (emma)

The conjunction "emma" is used to contrast ideas, similar to the English word "but."

Examples of "But"

Here are ways to use "emma" in sentences:

Turkmen	Pronunciation	English
Men gowy oýnamadyk, emma maňa kömek ediň.	Men gowy oýnamadyk, emma maňa kömek ediň.	I didn’t play well, but help me.
Ol öýde dowam edýär, emma işini etmeýär.	Ol öýde dowam edýär, emma işini etmeýär.	He continues at home, but doesn’t do his work.
Biz gezişde gitdik, emma ýagmur yağdy.	Biz gezişde gitdik, emma ýagmur yağdy.	We went for a walk, but it rained.
Sen gowy pikir edýäň, emma ýerine ýetirip bilmersiň.	Sen gowy pikir edýäň, emma ýerine ýetirip bilmersiň.	You have good ideas, but you can’t execute them.
Ol kitap okap, emma hiç zat ýadynda galdyrmaýar.	Ol kitap okap, emma hiç zat ýadynda galdyrmaýar.	He reads books, but remembers nothing.

The Conjunction "Because" (çünki)

The conjunction "çünki" is used to provide reasoning or explanation, similar to the English word "because."

Examples of "Because"

Here are some examples using "çünki":

Turkmen	Pronunciation	English
Men öýde galýaryn, çünki ýagmur yağýar.	Men öýde galýaryn, çünki ýagmur yağýar.	I am staying home because it is raining.
Ol işini ýerine ýetirýär, çünki köp pikir edýär.	Ol işini ýerine ýetirýär, çünki köp pikir edýär.	He performs his work because he thinks a lot.
Biz gezelenç etmäge gitýäris, çünki boş wagtymyz bar.	Biz gezelenç etmäge gitýäris, çünki boş wagtymyz bar.	We are going for a walk because we have free time.
Sen gowy ýazýarsyň, çünki köp kitap okadyň.	Sen gowy ýazýarsyň, çünki köp kitap okadyň.	You write well because you have read many books.
Ol bagyşlanmaz, çünki onuň sebäbi ýok.	Ol bagyşlanmaz, çünki onuň sebäbi ýok.	He will not be forgiven because there is no reason.

Summary of Conjunctions

To summarize, we have learned about four important conjunctions in Turkmen: we (and), ya-da (or), emma (but), and çünki (because). Each of these conjunctions serves a distinct function in sentence construction and can greatly enhance your ability to communicate effectively in Turkmen.

Now that you have a solid understanding of how to use these conjunctions, let's put your knowledge to the test with some exercises!

Exercises

Here are 10 exercises for you to practice what you have learned. Try to complete each exercise and then check your answers with the provided solutions.

Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with "we" (and)

1. Men kitap okap ___ film görýärin.

2. Ol gowy ýürekli ___ akylly adam.

3. Biz bagda gezip ___ piknik ederis.

4. Sen çay içip ___ kofe içmeli.

5. Ol şirin ___ gyzyl miweleri gowy görýär.

Exercise 2: Choose the correct conjunction (ya-da) or (we)

1. Sen daşary çykar ýa-da öýde galarsyň.

2. Ol kino görýär ýa-da teatr gitýär.

3. Biz bagda gezip we piknik ederis.

4. Sen çay ýa-da kofe içmeli.

5. Ol işde ýa-da öýde bolýar.

Exercise 3: Create sentences using "emma" (but)

1. Men gowy oýnamadym, ___ maňa kömek et.

2. Ol öýde dowam edýär, ___ işini etmeýär.

3. Biz gezişde gitdik, ___ ýagmur yağdy.

4. Sen gowy pikir edýäň, ___ ýerine ýetirip bilmersiň.

5. Ol kitap okap, ___ hiç zat ýadynda galdyrmaýar.

Exercise 4: Fill in the blanks with "çünki" (because)

1. Men öýde galýaryn, ___ ýagmur ýagýar.

2. Ol işini ýerine ýetirýär, ___ köp pikir edýär.

3. Biz gezelenç etmäge gitýäris, ___ boş wagtymyz bar.

4. Sen gowy ýazýarsyň, ___ köp kitap okadyň.

5. Ol bagyşlanmaz, ___ onuň sebäbi ýok.

Exercise 5: Translate the following sentences into Turkmen using the conjunctions learned

1. I love tea and coffee.

2. Will you watch a movie or read a book?

3. She is smart but lazy.

4. He didn't study because he was tired.

5. We can go to the park or the beach.

Solutions to Exercises

Now, let's check your answers to the exercises.

Solutions to Exercise 1

1. we

2. we

3. we

4. ya-da

5. we

Solutions to Exercise 2

1. ya-da

2. ya-da

3. we

4. ya-da

5. ya-da

Solutions to Exercise 3

1. emma

2. emma

3. emma

4. emma

5. emma

Solutions to Exercise 4

1. çünki

2. çünki

3. çünki

4. çünki

5. çünki

Solutions to Exercise 5

1. Men çayı we kofeni gowy görýärin.

2. Sen kino görersiň ýa-da kitap okarsyň?

3. Ol akylly, emma lazym.

4. Ol öwrenmedi, çünki ysgynsyzdy.

5. Biz bagy ýa-da plažy gitmek mümkin.

Congratulations! You have successfully navigated through this lesson on conjunctions in Turkmen. Keep practicing your skills, and soon enough, you’ll be able to construct more complex sentences with ease! Remember, the key to mastering a language is consistent practice and application.

Table of Contents - Turkmen Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Greetings and Introductions

• Basic Greetings
• Introducing Yourself

  ---

Pronouns and Verbs

• Personal Pronouns
• Basic Verb Conjugation

  ---

Numbers and Time

• Numbers 1-10
• Telling Time

  ---

Nouns and Adjectives

• Noun Gender and Plurals
• Adjective Agreement

  ---

Family and Relationships

• Family Members
• Relationships

  ---

Turkmen Customs and Traditions

• Greetings and Etiquette
• Turkmen Holidays

  ---

Food and Dining

• Common Foods
• Ordering in a Restaurant

  ---

Asking Questions

• Question Words
• Forming Questions

  ---

Travel and Transportation

• Modes of Transportation
• Directions and Locations

  ---

Geography and Landmarks

• Regions of Turkmenistan
• Famous Landmarks

  ---

Prepositions and Conjunctions

• Common Prepositions
• Using Conjunctions

  ---

Hobbies and Leisure Activities

• Common Hobbies
• Describing Leisure Activities

  ---

Turkmen Art and Literature

• Traditional Art Forms
• Famous Turkmen Writers

Sources

• (PDF) Grammatical sketch of Turkmen

Other Lessons

• 0 to A1 Course
• Word order
• Question Words
• Question particle–my mi
• Verbs
• Gender
• Give your Opinion
• The Case system
• Plurals
• Adjective Agreement

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