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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Turkmen|Turkmen]]  → [[Language/Turkmen/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Turkmen/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Common Prepositions</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Turkmen|Turkmen]]  → [[Language/Turkmen/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Turkmen/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Common Prepositions</div>
In this lesson, we will explore a fundamental aspect of the Turkmen language: '''common prepositions'''. Prepositions are vital components of sentences, serving to express relationships between different elements, such as location, time, and direction. Understanding how to use prepositions correctly will enhance your ability to communicate effectively in Turkmen, whether you are describing where something is, when an event occurs, or how something is done.


In this lesson, we will learn common Turkmen prepositions, such as in, on, at, and with. Prepositions are words used to show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence. They help provide a clear understanding of where one object is in relation to another. As you learn these prepositions, we will also include some cultural information and interesting facts about Turkmenistan to make the lesson more engaging.
Throughout this lesson, we will cover:
 
* '''The Importance of Prepositions''' 
 
* '''Common Turkmen Prepositions''' 
 
* '''Examples of Usage''' 
 
* '''Practice Exercises''' 
 
By the end of this lesson, you should feel confident using common prepositions in everyday conversations. Let’s get started!


__TOC__
__TOC__


=== The Importance of Prepositions ===
Prepositions are essential in every language, and they play a crucial role in sentence structure. In Turkmen, as in English, prepositions help us relate nouns or pronouns to other words in a sentence, clarifying meaning and adding context. For example, the preposition “in” can describe where an object is located, while “with” can indicate association or accompaniment.
Understanding prepositions will not only help you form more complex sentences, but it will also allow you to express ideas more clearly. As you progress in your studies, mastering prepositions will enrich your vocabulary and improve your overall fluency.
=== Common Turkmen Prepositions ===
Here, we will introduce some of the most common prepositions used in Turkmen. For each preposition, we will provide its meaning and several examples to illustrate its usage.
==== Location Prepositions ====
1. '''Ýüreg''' (in)
2. '''Üstünde''' (on)
3. '''Aşagynda''' (under)
4. '''Çetinde''' (beside)
5. '''Ýagdaýda''' (inside)
==== Time Prepositions ====
1. '''Öň''' (before)
2. '''Soň''' (after)


<span link>Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson: [[Language/Turkmen/Grammar/Forming-Questions|Forming Questions]] & [[Language/Turkmen/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]].</span>
3. '''Içinde''' (during)
== Introduction to Prepositions ==


In the Turkmen language, prepositions are called "önümler". As in English, they are essential for building sentences and expressing relationships between words. Some important prepositions you'll encounter in this lesson include:
4. '''Gämi''' (until)


* içinde (in)⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
5. '''Bellenen''' (between)
* üzerinde (on)⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
* at (at)⠀⠀⠀⠀
* bilen (with)⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀


These prepositions will help you convey important information about location, time, and other relationships in your sentences. To better understand how they function in sentences, we will look at some examples using each preposition.
==== Other Common Prepositions ====


== Inside (içinde) ==
1. '''Bilen''' (with)


The preposition "içinde" means "inside" in Turkmen. It indicates that something is contained within something else. For example:
2. '''Üçin''' (for)
 
3. '''Barasynda''' (about)
 
4. '''Çykyşyndan''' (from)
 
5. '''Döretmek''' (to)
 
Now, let’s see these prepositions in action with specific examples.
 
=== Examples of Usage ===
 
Below are tables showcasing examples of the common prepositions we just discussed, illustrating their usage in sentences.
 
==== Location Prepositions ====


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Kitap ýüregde. || Kitap jüregde. || The book is in the bag.
|-
| Top üstünde. || Top üstünde. || The ball is on the table.
|-
| öý aşagynda. || öý aşagynda. || The house is under the tree.
|-
|-
| Kitap şkafda içinde. || /kitap ʃkafdɑ iʧinde/ || The book is inside the drawer.
 
| O, meniň çetimdir. || O, meniň çetimdir. || He is beside me.
 
|-
|-
| Koşgiň içindeki palta.  || /koʃgiŋ iʧindeki pɑltɑ/ || The coat inside the wardrobe.
|}


Turkmenistan is known for its beautiful handmade carpets, which are commonly found inside homes. These carpets, called "halı", are a major symbol of Turkmen culture and a source of national pride.
| Onda daş ýagdaýda. || Onda daş ýagdaýda. || The cat is inside the box.


== On (üzerinde) ==
|}


"Üzerinde" means "on" in Turkmen. It is used to indicate that something is on top of or above something else. For example:
==== Time Prepositions ====


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Men öñ geldim. || Men öñ geldim. || I came before.
|-
|-
| Telefon masanyň üzerinde. || /telefon masanəɲ yzeɾinde/ || The phone is on the table.
 
| Ol, soň gelýär. || Ol, soň gelýär. || He will come after.
 
|-
 
| Içinde biz oýnaýarys. || Içinde biz oýnaýarys. || We play during the day.
 
|-
 
| Men şu gün beýik gadym. || Men şu gün beýik gadym. || I will stay until today.
 
|-
|-
| Çyra aýnaň üzerinde.  || /ʧyɾɑ aɪnaŋ yzeɾinde/ || The candle is on the mirror.
|}


In Turkmenistan, it is customary to display the national flag on government buildings, schools, and various other public spaces. The flag features five stars, representing the five provinces of the country, and a traditional carpet design, symbolizing the rich Turkmen culture.
| Biziň aramyzda. || Biziň aramyzda. || Between us.


== At (at) ==
|}


"At" is used in both English and Turkmen to express a specific location, time, or direction. Some examples include:
==== Other Common Prepositions ====


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Men sagat 3 at uniwersitetde. || /men sagat 3 at uniweɾsitetde/ || I am at the university at 3 o'clock.
 
| Men sen bilen gelýärin. || Men sen bilen gelýärin. || I am coming with you.
 
|-
|-
| Aý/ýyldaň ertesi söhbetde atlar.  || /aɪ/əɪldaɲ eɾtesi sohbetde atlɑɾ/ || They will meet at the conversation the day after tomorrow.
|}


It is interesting to note that Turkmenistan is home to the world-renowned Akhal-Teke horse breed. These horses are known for their speed, endurance, and intelligence, and have long been associated with the Turkmen people. The Akhal-Teke horse even appears on the emblem of the country, symbolizing the strong link between the Turkmen people and their beloved horses.
| Bu, meniň üçin. || Bu, meniň üçin. || This is for me.


== With (bilen) ==
|-


"Bilen" means "with" in Turkmen, and it is used to express the presence or accompaniment of someone or something else. For example:
| Ol, bu barada aýdýar. || Ol, bu barada aýdýar. || He is talking about this.


{| class="wikitable"
! Turkmen !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Men Mari bilen gitdim. || /men maɾi bilen gitdim/ || I went with Mary.
 
| Men Türkmenistandan. || Men Türkmenistandan. || I am from Turkmenistan.
 
|-
|-
| Şu hapa çay bilen içeris. || /ʃu hɑpɑ ʧaɪ bilen itʃeris/ || Drink this tea with lemon.
 
| Ol, meniň ýoldaşym. || Ol, meniň ýoldaşym. || He is my friend.
 
|}
|}


Turkmenistan is famous for its hospitality and warm welcome to visitors. When you visit a Turkmen home, you are often greeted with aromatic tea, served with sweets and traditional Turkmen bread, called "çörek". Sharing a meal with someone is a sign of friendship and community in Turkmenistan.
=== Practice Exercises ===


== Practice Exercise ==
Now that you've seen how these prepositions are used, let’s solidify your understanding through some practice exercises.


Now, let's practice using these prepositions in some sentences. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate preposition "içinde", "üzerinde", "at", or "bilen":
1. '''Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition:'''


1. Daşary ___________ köpek ýaşaýar.
* Kitap _____ stolda. (The book is ___ the table.)
2. Şu pyçak ___________ alma kesýär.
3. Şu kärhanasyň ___________ işgärler meşgullar.
4. Gije sagat 10 ___________ uzakdaşlygy galdyryp bolşýar.


== Conclusion ==
* Ol _____ men bilen. (He is ___ me.)


In this lesson, we learned some common Turkmen prepositions and their usage in sentences. Understanding and using prepositions correctly will help you communicate more effectively in Turkmen, allowing you to express relationships between words and ideas clearly. As you continue learning Turkmen, don't forget to practice regularly and immerse yourself in the culture and traditions of Turkmenistan. Good luck and happy learning!
* Men _____ öñ geldim. (I came ___ before.)


* Bu _____ sen üçin. (This is ___ you.)
* O, _____ aşakda. (It is ___ under.)
2. '''Translate the following sentences into Turkmen:'''
* The cat is on the roof.
* We will stay until tomorrow.
* This is a gift for you.
* The dog is beside the house.
* I am from America.
3. '''Match the English sentences with the correct Turkmen sentences:'''
* I will come after.
* The ball is in the box.
* She is talking about the book.
* He is under the tree.
* We play during the summer.
| English Sentence              | Turkmen Sentence                  |
|-------------------------------|----------------------------------|
| a) The ball is in the box.  | 1) O, agajyň aşagynda.          |
| b) We play during the summer. | 2) Men soň gelerin.              |
| c) I will come after.        | 3) Ol kitap barada aýdýar.      |
| d) He is under the tree.    | 4) Top gutynyň içinde.          |
| e) She is talking about the book. | 5) Biz güýz içinde oýnaýarys. |
4. '''Create your own sentences using the following prepositions:'''
* Ýüreg (in)
* On (on)
* Bilen (with)
* Üçin (for)
* Öň (before)
5. '''Choose the right preposition for each sentence:'''
* The dog is _____ the garden. (a) üstünde (b) aşagynda
* I will wait _____ you. (a) bilen (b) üçin
* He came _____ the party. (a) soň (b) öñ
* The book is _____ the shelf. (a) ýüregde (b) üstünde
* This is a letter _____ you. (a) bilen (b) üçin
=== Solutions to Exercises ===
1.
* Kitap '''üstünde''' stolda.
* Ol '''bilen''' men.
* Men '''öñ''' geldim.
* Bu '''üçin''' sen.
* O, '''aşakda'''.
2.
* Pişik öýüň üstünde.
* Biz ertir çenli galarys.
* Bu, seniň üçin sowgat.
* It öýüň çetinde.
* Men Amerikadan.
3. 
* a) 2
* b) 4
* c) 3
* d) 1
* e) 5
4. (Answers will vary based on student creativity.)
5.
* The dog is '''aşakynda''' the garden.
* I will wait '''üçin''' you.
* He came '''soň''' the party.
* The book is '''üstünde''' the shelf.
* This is a letter '''üçin''' you.
By practicing these exercises, you will reinforce your understanding of common prepositions in Turkmen, and you will feel more comfortable using them in your conversations.
As we conclude this lesson on common prepositions, remember that practice is key. The more you use these prepositions in sentences, the more natural they will feel. Don’t hesitate to revisit this lesson as often as needed, and keep experimenting with different sentences to improve your language skills!


<span link>Upon wrapping up this lesson, take a look at these related pages: [[Language/Turkmen/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]] & [[Language/Turkmen/Grammar/Verbs|Verbs]].</span>
{{#seo:
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|keywords=Turkmen, prepositions, içinde, üzerinde, at, bilen, grammar, language, learning, Turkmenistan
|title=Common Prepositions in Turkmen Language
|description=In this lesson, we will learn common Turkmen prepositions, such as in, on, at, and with, as well as provide cultural information and interesting facts about Turkmenistan.
 
|keywords=Turkmen, prepositions, language learning, grammar, Turkmen language
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about common prepositions in Turkmen, their meanings, and how to use them in sentences. Practice exercises included!
 
}}
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==Sources==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmen_grammar Turkmen grammar - Wikipedia]
* [https://tm.usembassy.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/124/TurkmenLanguageLearningGuide.pdf Turkmen Language Grammar Guide]
 
 


==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Turkmen/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Turkmen/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]


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==Sources==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmen_grammar Turkmen grammar - Wikipedia]
* [https://tm.usembassy.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/124/TurkmenLanguageLearningGuide.pdf Turkmen Language Grammar Guide]


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Latest revision as of 05:20, 2 August 2024

◀️ Famous Landmarks — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Using Conjunctions ▶️

Turkmen-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Turkmen → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Common Prepositions

In this lesson, we will explore a fundamental aspect of the Turkmen language: common prepositions. Prepositions are vital components of sentences, serving to express relationships between different elements, such as location, time, and direction. Understanding how to use prepositions correctly will enhance your ability to communicate effectively in Turkmen, whether you are describing where something is, when an event occurs, or how something is done.

Throughout this lesson, we will cover:

  • The Importance of Prepositions
  • Common Turkmen Prepositions
  • Examples of Usage
  • Practice Exercises

By the end of this lesson, you should feel confident using common prepositions in everyday conversations. Let’s get started!

The Importance of Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Prepositions are essential in every language, and they play a crucial role in sentence structure. In Turkmen, as in English, prepositions help us relate nouns or pronouns to other words in a sentence, clarifying meaning and adding context. For example, the preposition “in” can describe where an object is located, while “with” can indicate association or accompaniment.

Understanding prepositions will not only help you form more complex sentences, but it will also allow you to express ideas more clearly. As you progress in your studies, mastering prepositions will enrich your vocabulary and improve your overall fluency.

Common Turkmen Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Here, we will introduce some of the most common prepositions used in Turkmen. For each preposition, we will provide its meaning and several examples to illustrate its usage.

Location Prepositions[edit | edit source]

1. Ýüreg (in)

2. Üstünde (on)

3. Aşagynda (under)

4. Çetinde (beside)

5. Ýagdaýda (inside)

Time Prepositions[edit | edit source]

1. Öň (before)

2. Soň (after)

3. Içinde (during)

4. Gämi (until)

5. Bellenen (between)

Other Common Prepositions[edit | edit source]

1. Bilen (with)

2. Üçin (for)

3. Barasynda (about)

4. Çykyşyndan (from)

5. Döretmek (to)

Now, let’s see these prepositions in action with specific examples.

Examples of Usage[edit | edit source]

Below are tables showcasing examples of the common prepositions we just discussed, illustrating their usage in sentences.

Location Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Turkmen Pronunciation English
Kitap ýüregde. Kitap jüregde. The book is in the bag.
Top üstünde. Top üstünde. The ball is on the table.
öý aşagynda. öý aşagynda. The house is under the tree.
O, meniň çetimdir. O, meniň çetimdir. He is beside me.
Onda daş ýagdaýda. Onda daş ýagdaýda. The cat is inside the box.

Time Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Turkmen Pronunciation English
Men öñ geldim. Men öñ geldim. I came before.
Ol, soň gelýär. Ol, soň gelýär. He will come after.
Içinde biz oýnaýarys. Içinde biz oýnaýarys. We play during the day.
Men şu gün beýik gadym. Men şu gün beýik gadym. I will stay until today.
Biziň aramyzda. Biziň aramyzda. Between us.

Other Common Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Turkmen Pronunciation English
Men sen bilen gelýärin. Men sen bilen gelýärin. I am coming with you.
Bu, meniň üçin. Bu, meniň üçin. This is for me.
Ol, bu barada aýdýar. Ol, bu barada aýdýar. He is talking about this.
Men Türkmenistandan. Men Türkmenistandan. I am from Turkmenistan.
Ol, meniň ýoldaşym. Ol, meniň ýoldaşym. He is my friend.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that you've seen how these prepositions are used, let’s solidify your understanding through some practice exercises.

1. Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition:

  • Kitap _____ stolda. (The book is ___ the table.)
  • Ol _____ men bilen. (He is ___ me.)
  • Men _____ öñ geldim. (I came ___ before.)
  • Bu _____ sen üçin. (This is ___ you.)
  • O, _____ aşakda. (It is ___ under.)

2. Translate the following sentences into Turkmen:

  • The cat is on the roof.
  • We will stay until tomorrow.
  • This is a gift for you.
  • The dog is beside the house.
  • I am from America.

3. Match the English sentences with the correct Turkmen sentences:

  • I will come after.
  • The ball is in the box.
  • She is talking about the book.
  • He is under the tree.
  • We play during the summer.

| English Sentence | Turkmen Sentence |

|-------------------------------|----------------------------------|

| a) The ball is in the box. | 1) O, agajyň aşagynda. |

| b) We play during the summer. | 2) Men soň gelerin. |

| c) I will come after. | 3) Ol kitap barada aýdýar. |

| d) He is under the tree. | 4) Top gutynyň içinde. |

| e) She is talking about the book. | 5) Biz güýz içinde oýnaýarys. |

4. Create your own sentences using the following prepositions:

  • Ýüreg (in)
  • On (on)
  • Bilen (with)
  • Üçin (for)
  • Öň (before)

5. Choose the right preposition for each sentence:

  • The dog is _____ the garden. (a) üstünde (b) aşagynda
  • I will wait _____ you. (a) bilen (b) üçin
  • He came _____ the party. (a) soň (b) öñ
  • The book is _____ the shelf. (a) ýüregde (b) üstünde
  • This is a letter _____ you. (a) bilen (b) üçin

Solutions to Exercises[edit | edit source]

1.

  • Kitap üstünde stolda.
  • Ol bilen men.
  • Men öñ geldim.
  • Bu üçin sen.
  • O, aşakda.

2.

  • Pişik öýüň üstünde.
  • Biz ertir çenli galarys.
  • Bu, seniň üçin sowgat.
  • It öýüň çetinde.
  • Men Amerikadan.

3.

  • a) 2
  • b) 4
  • c) 3
  • d) 1
  • e) 5

4. (Answers will vary based on student creativity.)

5.

  • The dog is aşakynda the garden.
  • I will wait üçin you.
  • He came soň the party.
  • The book is üstünde the shelf.
  • This is a letter üçin you.

By practicing these exercises, you will reinforce your understanding of common prepositions in Turkmen, and you will feel more comfortable using them in your conversations.

As we conclude this lesson on common prepositions, remember that practice is key. The more you use these prepositions in sentences, the more natural they will feel. Don’t hesitate to revisit this lesson as often as needed, and keep experimenting with different sentences to improve your language skills!

Table of Contents - Turkmen Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Pronouns and Verbs


Numbers and Time


Nouns and Adjectives


Family and Relationships


Turkmen Customs and Traditions


Food and Dining


Asking Questions


Travel and Transportation


Geography and Landmarks


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Hobbies and Leisure Activities


Turkmen Art and Literature

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Famous Landmarks — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Using Conjunctions ▶️

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