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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Kirghiz|Kirghiz]]  → [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Present Tense</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Kirghiz|Kirghiz]]  → [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs and Tenses → Present Tense</div>
Welcome to our lesson on the '''Present Tense''' in Kirghiz! This is an essential building block for any language learner, especially for beginners like you embarking on your Kirghiz journey. Understanding how to express actions that are happening now will empower you to engage in everyday conversations, describe your routines, and express your thoughts and feelings.


Welcome to our Complete 0 to A1 Kirghiz Course! In this lesson, we will focus on conjugating Kirghiz verbs in the present tense, and practice forming affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences. Conjugating verbs is an essential part of speaking any language, and Kirghiz is no exception. With a strong foundation in the present tense, you'll be able to communicate more effectively in everyday situations. So let's get started!
In the Kirghiz language, the present tense is quite straightforward and is essential for communicating effectively. In this lesson, we will cover:
 
* The formation of present tense verbs
 
* Affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentence structures
 
* Practical examples to illustrate each point
 
By the end of this lesson, you will not only understand how to conjugate verbs in the present tense but also be able to form sentences that express your ideas clearly.  


__TOC__
__TOC__


=== Understanding the Present Tense ===
The present tense in Kirghiz is used to describe actions that are currently taking place, habits, or general truths. It’s vital for daily communication and gives you the ability to talk about what you do, see, and experience in your everyday life.
==== Conjugating Verbs in the Present Tense ====
In Kirghiz, the present tense is formed by taking the verb root and adding specific endings based on the subject of the sentence. Below is a simple breakdown:
1. '''Verb Root''': The base form of the verb.
2. '''Subject Pronouns''': These help identify who is performing the action.
3. '''Present Tense Endings''': These vary based on the subject.
For instance, let’s take the verb "to read" which is "оку" (oku).
Here’s how it conjugates:
| Kirghiz  | Pronunciation (Latin) | English            |
|----------|-----------------------|--------------------|
| мен окуйм | men okuyim          | I read            |
| сен окуйсуң | sen okuysun        | You read          |
| ал окуйт | al okuit              | He/She reads      |
| биз окуйбуз | biz okuybuz        | We read            |
| силер окуйсуңар | siler okuysunar  | You (plural) read  |
| алар окуйт | alar okuit            | They read          |
As you can see, the endings change based on the subject.
=== Forming Affirmative Sentences ===
To form an affirmative sentence in the present tense, simply use the conjugated verb with your subject pronoun. Here are some examples:
| Kirghiz          | Pronunciation (Latin) | English                |
|-------------------|-----------------------|------------------------|
| Мен китеп окуйм. | Men kitep okuyim.    | I read a book.        |
| Сен мектепке барасың. | Sen mektepke barasyң. | You go to school.    |
| Алар кино көрүшөт. | Alar kino körüshöt.  | They watch a movie.    |
=== Forming Negative Sentences ===
To create negative sentences, you can add "эмес" (emes) after the verb. The structure is as follows: Subject + Verb + "эмес".
| Kirghiz              | Pronunciation (Latin)  | English                    |
|----------------------|------------------------|----------------------------|
| Мен китеп окуйм эмес. | Men kitep okuyim emes. | I do not read a book.    |
| Сен мектепке барбайсың. | Sen mektepke barbaysyn. | You do not go to school.  |
| Алар кино көрүшпөйт. | Alar kino körüshpöyt. | They do not watch a movie. |
=== Forming Interrogative Sentences ===
To ask questions in the present tense, you typically add a question particle "бы?" (by?) at the end of the sentence.
| Kirghiz                  | Pronunciation (Latin)  | English                    |
|---------------------------|------------------------|-----------------------------|
| Сен китеп окуйсуңбу?    | Sen kitep okuysunbu?  | Do you read a book?        |
| Ал мектепке барабы?      | Al mektepke baraby?    | Does he go to school?      |
| Биз кино көрөбүзбү?      | Biz kino köröbüzbü?    | Do we watch a movie?      |
=== Practice Makes Perfect ===
Now that you’ve learned how to conjugate verbs in the present tense and form sentences, it’s time to practice! Here are some exercises for you to apply what you’ve learned.
== Exercises ==
1. '''Conjugate the following verbs in the present tense for all subject pronouns''':
* "жаз" (to write)
* "жүр" (to walk)
* "тамак ич" (to eat)
2. '''Translate these affirmative sentences into Kirghiz''':
* I write a letter.


<span link>Consider broadening your understanding by checking out these related lessons: [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]] & [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]].</span>
* You walk to the park.
== Introduction to Kirghiz Verbs and Present Tense ==


In Kirghiz, just like in other languages, verbs are crucial for communication. They express actions, occurrences, or states. The present tense, in particular, is used to describe actions or states happening currently, regular or habitual actions, and general truths or facts. Kirghiz is an agglutinative language, meaning that verbs change their form by adding various affixes (prefixes and suffixes) to the root. Here's a brief overview of how Kirghiz verbs work in the present tense.
* They eat dinner.


=== Verb Conjugation ===
3. '''Convert the following positive sentences into negative sentences''':


Kirghiz verbs are conjugated according to the personal pronouns. The subject pronouns are:
* Мен музыка угам. (I listen to music.)


* Мен (Men) - I
* Сен суу ичесиң. (You drink water.)
* Сен (Sen) - You (singular, informal)
* Сиз (Siz) - You (singular, formal or plural)
* Ал (Al) - He, She, It
* Биз (Biz) - We
* Силер (Siler) - You (plural, informal)
* Алар (Alar) - They


To conjugate a verb in the present tense, we usually start with the verb stem, which is obtained by removing the "-уу" or "-мак" infinitive suffix (depending on the verb). Then, we add the appropriate personal ending to the stem. Here's an example using the verb "жазуу" (zhazuu), which means "to write":
* Алар уйчук көрүшөт. (They see a friend.)


{| class="wikitable"
4. '''Create interrogative sentences using the following statements''':
! Kirghiz !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
* Мен китеп окуйм. (I read a book.)
| Мен жазам || Men zhazam || I write
 
|-
* Сен кино көрөсүң. (You watch a movie.)
| Сен жазасың || Sen zhazasyng || You write (informal)
 
|-
* Ал мектепте окуйт. (He/She studies at school.)
| Сиз жазасыз || Siz zhazasyz || You write (formal/plural)
 
|-
5. '''Fill in the blanks with the correct conjugated form of the verb in parentheses''':
| Ал жазат || Al zhazat || He/She/It writes
 
|-
* Мен (жаз) __________ кат.
| Биз жазабыз || Biz zhazabyz || We write
 
|-
* Силер (тамак ич) __________.
| Силер жазасыңар || Siler zhazasyngar || You write (plural, informal)
 
|-
* Алар (жүр) __________ жолдо.
| Алар жазаттар || Alar zhazattar || They write
 
|}
6. '''Match the Kirghiz sentences with their English translations''':
 
| Kirghiz                          | English                      |
 
|----------------------------------|-------------------------------|
 
| Мен кофе ичем.                  | I drink coffee.              |
 
| Сен досторуң менен сүйлөшөсүң.  | You talk with your friends.  |
 
| Алар базарга барышат.          | They go to the market.        |
 
7. '''Identify whether the following sentences are affirmative, negative, or interrogative''':
 
* Мен тамак ичпеймин.
 
* Сен кантип жүрөсүң?
 
* Алар кино көрүшөт.
 
8. '''Rewrite the following sentences in the present tense''':
 
* I will eat breakfast.
 
* She will read a book.
 
* They will play outside.
 
9. '''Create your own sentences in the present tense''' using the verbs "көр" (to see), "түшүн" (to understand), and "бил" (to know).
 
10. '''Practice pronouncing the verbs and sentences you’ve learned''' by reading them out loud or recording yourself.
 
=== Detailed Solutions ===
 
1. Conjugated forms:
 
* Жаз:
 
* мен жазам (I write)
 
* сен жазасың (You write)
 
* ал жазат (He/She writes)
 
* биз жазабыз (We write)
 
* силер жазасыздар (You plural write)
 
* алар жазышат (They write)
 
* Жүр:
 
* мен жүрөм (I walk)
 
* сен жүрөсүң (You walk)
 
* ал жүрөт (He/She walks)
 
* биз жүрөбүз (We walk)
 
* силер жүрөсүңөр (You plural walk)
 
* алар жүрүшөт (They walk)
 
* Тамак ич:
 
* мен тамак ичем (I eat)
 
* сен тамак ичесиң (You eat)
 
* ал тамак ичет (He/She eats)
 
* биз тамак ичебиз (We eat)
 
* силер тамак ичесиңер (You plural eat)
 
* алар тамак ичишет (They eat)
 
2. Translations:
 
* Мен кат жазам.
 
* Сен паркка жүрөсүң.
 
* Алар кечки тамак жешет.
 
3. Negative sentences:
 
* Мен музыка угам эмес.
 
* Сен суу ичпейсин.
 
* Алар уйчук көрүшпөйт.
 
4. Interrogative sentences:
 
* Сен китеп окуйсуңбу?
 
* Сен кино көрөсүңбү?
 
* Ал мектепте окуйтбу?
 
5. Fill in the blanks:
 
* Мен (жаз) кат жазам.
 
* Силер (тамак ич) тамак ичесиңер.
 
* Алар (жүр) жолдо жүрүшөт.
 
6. Matching:
 
* Мен кофе ичем. - I drink coffee.
 
* Сен досторуң менен сүйлөшөсүң. - You talk with your friends.
 
* Алар базарга барышат. - They go to the market.
 
7. Sentence types:
 
* Мен тамак ичпеймин. - Negative
 
* Сен кантип жүрөсүң? - Interrogative
 
* Алар кино көрүшөт. - Affirmative
 
8. Rewritten sentences:
 
* Мен эртең менен тамак ичем.
 
* Ал китеп окуйт.
 
* Алар сыртта ойношот.
 
9. Example sentences:
 
* Мен кино көрөм.


As you can see, the endings -м, -сың, -сыз, -т, -быз, -сыңар, and -ттар match the pronouns мен, сен, сиз, ал, биз, силер, and алар.
* Сен суроолорду түшүнөсүң.


== Present Tense in Affirmative, Negative, and Interrogative Sentences ==
* Алар кыргызча билишет.


Now that you have an understanding of how to conjugate Kirghiz verbs in the present tense let's take a look at how to form affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences.
10. Practice your pronunciation by reading the sentences out loud.


=== Affirmative Sentences ===
With consistent practice and application of these structures, you will gain confidence in using the present tense in Kirghiz. Keep speaking, writing, and engaging with the language, and don't hesitate to revisit this lesson whenever you need a refresher!


Affirmative sentences in Kirghiz are simple and straightforward. You just need to conjugate the verb according to the subject pronoun and create your sentence. Here's an example using the verb "окуу" (okuu), which means "to read":
{{#seo:


{| class="wikitable"
|title=Learn Kirghiz Present Tense
! Kirghiz !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Мен китеп окуюм || Men kitep okuym || I read a book
|-
| Сен газета окуясың || Sen gazeta okuyasyng || You read a newspaper (informal)
|-
| Сиз мектепте окуясыз || Siz mektepte okuyasyz || You read at school (formal/plural)
|-
| Ал журнал окуют || Al zhurnal okuyut || He/She/It reads a magazine
|-
| Биз китептар окуюбыз || Biz kiteptar okuybyz || We read books
|-
| Силер макала окуясыңар || Siler makala okuyasyngar || You read articles (plural, informal)
|-
| Алар роман окуюттар || Alar roman okuyuttar || They read a novel
|}


=== Negative Sentences ===
|keywords=Kirghiz grammar, present tense, Kirghiz verbs, language learning, beginner Kirghiz


To form negative sentences in Kirghiz, you simply add the negative particle "эмес" (emes) after the verb. Note that the verb is still conjugated according to the subject pronoun. Here's an example using the verb "тамактау" (tamaktau), which means "to cook":
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate Kirghiz verbs in the present tense and practice forming affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences.


{| class="wikitable"
}}
! Kirghiz !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Мен тамактап эмесмин || Men tamaktap emesmin || I do not cook
|-
| Сен тамактасың эмессиң || Sen tamaktasyng emessing || You do not cook (informal)
|-
| Сиз тамактасыз эмессиз || Siz tamaktasyz emessiz || You do not cook (formal/plural)
|-
| Ал тамактат эместе || Al tamaktat emeste || He/She/It does not cook
|-
| Биз тамактап эмесбиз || Biz tamaktap emesbiz || We do not cook


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==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]


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Latest revision as of 21:17, 1 August 2024

◀️ Relationship Status — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Past Tense ▶️

Kyrgyz-language-lessons-polyglotclub-wiki.jpg
Kirghiz → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Present Tense

Welcome to our lesson on the Present Tense in Kirghiz! This is an essential building block for any language learner, especially for beginners like you embarking on your Kirghiz journey. Understanding how to express actions that are happening now will empower you to engage in everyday conversations, describe your routines, and express your thoughts and feelings.

In the Kirghiz language, the present tense is quite straightforward and is essential for communicating effectively. In this lesson, we will cover:

  • The formation of present tense verbs
  • Affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentence structures
  • Practical examples to illustrate each point

By the end of this lesson, you will not only understand how to conjugate verbs in the present tense but also be able to form sentences that express your ideas clearly.

Understanding the Present Tense[edit | edit source]

The present tense in Kirghiz is used to describe actions that are currently taking place, habits, or general truths. It’s vital for daily communication and gives you the ability to talk about what you do, see, and experience in your everyday life.

Conjugating Verbs in the Present Tense[edit | edit source]

In Kirghiz, the present tense is formed by taking the verb root and adding specific endings based on the subject of the sentence. Below is a simple breakdown:

1. Verb Root: The base form of the verb.

2. Subject Pronouns: These help identify who is performing the action.

3. Present Tense Endings: These vary based on the subject.

For instance, let’s take the verb "to read" which is "оку" (oku).

Here’s how it conjugates:

| Kirghiz | Pronunciation (Latin) | English |

|----------|-----------------------|--------------------|

| мен окуйм | men okuyim | I read |

| сен окуйсуң | sen okuysun | You read |

| ал окуйт | al okuit | He/She reads |

| биз окуйбуз | biz okuybuz | We read |

| силер окуйсуңар | siler okuysunar | You (plural) read |

| алар окуйт | alar okuit | They read |

As you can see, the endings change based on the subject.

Forming Affirmative Sentences[edit | edit source]

To form an affirmative sentence in the present tense, simply use the conjugated verb with your subject pronoun. Here are some examples:

| Kirghiz | Pronunciation (Latin) | English |

|-------------------|-----------------------|------------------------|

| Мен китеп окуйм. | Men kitep okuyim. | I read a book. |

| Сен мектепке барасың. | Sen mektepke barasyң. | You go to school. |

| Алар кино көрүшөт. | Alar kino körüshöt. | They watch a movie. |

Forming Negative Sentences[edit | edit source]

To create negative sentences, you can add "эмес" (emes) after the verb. The structure is as follows: Subject + Verb + "эмес".

| Kirghiz | Pronunciation (Latin) | English |

|----------------------|------------------------|----------------------------|

| Мен китеп окуйм эмес. | Men kitep okuyim emes. | I do not read a book. |

| Сен мектепке барбайсың. | Sen mektepke barbaysyn. | You do not go to school. |

| Алар кино көрүшпөйт. | Alar kino körüshpöyt. | They do not watch a movie. |

Forming Interrogative Sentences[edit | edit source]

To ask questions in the present tense, you typically add a question particle "бы?" (by?) at the end of the sentence.

| Kirghiz | Pronunciation (Latin) | English |

|---------------------------|------------------------|-----------------------------|

| Сен китеп окуйсуңбу? | Sen kitep okuysunbu? | Do you read a book? |

| Ал мектепке барабы? | Al mektepke baraby? | Does he go to school? |

| Биз кино көрөбүзбү? | Biz kino köröbüzbü? | Do we watch a movie? |

Practice Makes Perfect[edit | edit source]

Now that you’ve learned how to conjugate verbs in the present tense and form sentences, it’s time to practice! Here are some exercises for you to apply what you’ve learned.

Exercises[edit | edit source]

1. Conjugate the following verbs in the present tense for all subject pronouns:

  • "жаз" (to write)
  • "жүр" (to walk)
  • "тамак ич" (to eat)

2. Translate these affirmative sentences into Kirghiz:

  • I write a letter.
  • You walk to the park.
  • They eat dinner.

3. Convert the following positive sentences into negative sentences:

  • Мен музыка угам. (I listen to music.)
  • Сен суу ичесиң. (You drink water.)
  • Алар уйчук көрүшөт. (They see a friend.)

4. Create interrogative sentences using the following statements:

  • Мен китеп окуйм. (I read a book.)
  • Сен кино көрөсүң. (You watch a movie.)
  • Ал мектепте окуйт. (He/She studies at school.)

5. Fill in the blanks with the correct conjugated form of the verb in parentheses:

  • Мен (жаз) __________ кат.
  • Силер (тамак ич) __________.
  • Алар (жүр) __________ жолдо.

6. Match the Kirghiz sentences with their English translations:

| Kirghiz | English |

|----------------------------------|-------------------------------|

| Мен кофе ичем. | I drink coffee. |

| Сен досторуң менен сүйлөшөсүң. | You talk with your friends. |

| Алар базарга барышат. | They go to the market. |

7. Identify whether the following sentences are affirmative, negative, or interrogative:

  • Мен тамак ичпеймин.
  • Сен кантип жүрөсүң?
  • Алар кино көрүшөт.

8. Rewrite the following sentences in the present tense:

  • I will eat breakfast.
  • She will read a book.
  • They will play outside.

9. Create your own sentences in the present tense using the verbs "көр" (to see), "түшүн" (to understand), and "бил" (to know).

10. Practice pronouncing the verbs and sentences you’ve learned by reading them out loud or recording yourself.

Detailed Solutions[edit | edit source]

1. Conjugated forms:

  • Жаз:
  • мен жазам (I write)
  • сен жазасың (You write)
  • ал жазат (He/She writes)
  • биз жазабыз (We write)
  • силер жазасыздар (You plural write)
  • алар жазышат (They write)
  • Жүр:
  • мен жүрөм (I walk)
  • сен жүрөсүң (You walk)
  • ал жүрөт (He/She walks)
  • биз жүрөбүз (We walk)
  • силер жүрөсүңөр (You plural walk)
  • алар жүрүшөт (They walk)
  • Тамак ич:
  • мен тамак ичем (I eat)
  • сен тамак ичесиң (You eat)
  • ал тамак ичет (He/She eats)
  • биз тамак ичебиз (We eat)
  • силер тамак ичесиңер (You plural eat)
  • алар тамак ичишет (They eat)

2. Translations:

  • Мен кат жазам.
  • Сен паркка жүрөсүң.
  • Алар кечки тамак жешет.

3. Negative sentences:

  • Мен музыка угам эмес.
  • Сен суу ичпейсин.
  • Алар уйчук көрүшпөйт.

4. Interrogative sentences:

  • Сен китеп окуйсуңбу?
  • Сен кино көрөсүңбү?
  • Ал мектепте окуйтбу?

5. Fill in the blanks:

  • Мен (жаз) кат жазам.
  • Силер (тамак ич) тамак ичесиңер.
  • Алар (жүр) жолдо жүрүшөт.

6. Matching:

  • Мен кофе ичем. - I drink coffee.
  • Сен досторуң менен сүйлөшөсүң. - You talk with your friends.
  • Алар базарга барышат. - They go to the market.

7. Sentence types:

  • Мен тамак ичпеймин. - Negative
  • Сен кантип жүрөсүң? - Interrogative
  • Алар кино көрүшөт. - Affirmative

8. Rewritten sentences:

  • Мен эртең менен тамак ичем.
  • Ал китеп окуйт.
  • Алар сыртта ойношот.

9. Example sentences:

  • Мен кино көрөм.
  • Сен суроолорду түшүнөсүң.
  • Алар кыргызча билишет.

10. Practice your pronunciation by reading the sentences out loud.

With consistent practice and application of these structures, you will gain confidence in using the present tense in Kirghiz. Keep speaking, writing, and engaging with the language, and don't hesitate to revisit this lesson whenever you need a refresher!

Table of Contents - Kirghiz Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Basic Sentence Structure


Numbers and Time


Nouns and Pronouns


Family and Relationships


Verbs and Tenses


Food and Dining


Kirghiz Customs and Traditions


Travel and Transportation


Adjectives and Adverbs


Weather and Seasons


Kirghiz Literature and Music


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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