Difference between revisions of "Language/Georgian/Grammar/Future-Tense"

From Polyglot Club WIKI
Jump to navigation Jump to search
m (Quick edit)
m (Quick edit)
 
(7 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Past-Tense|◀️ Past Tense — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Conditional-and-Imperative|Next Lesson — Conditional and Imperative ▶️]]
|}
</span>


{{Georgian-Page-Top}}
{{Georgian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Georgian|Georgian]]  → [[Language/Georgian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Future Tense</div>
Welcome to our lesson on the '''Future Tense''' in Georgian! This is an exciting topic, as it will help you communicate your thoughts and plans about what will happen. Whether you're making future arrangements or expressing your dreams, mastering the future tense is essential for your journey in learning Georgian.


<div class="pg_page_title">Georgian Grammar - Future Tense</div>
In this lesson, we will cover the following points:
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/georgian Georgian] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will learn about the future tense in Georgian. We will look at how to form the future tense, as well as some examples of how it is used. By the end of this lesson, you will have a better understanding of how to use the future tense in Georgian. __TOC__


==Forming the Future Tense==
__TOC__
The future tense in Georgian is formed by adding the suffix -ები (-ebi) to the verb stem. The verb stem is the part of the verb that remains after removing the infinitive ending -ო (-o). For example, the verb stem of ვიცოდები (vitsod-ebi) is ვიცოდ (vitsod).


The future tense can also be formed by adding the prefix მო- (mo-) to the verb stem. This is used for verbs that begin with a vowel. For example, the verb აღარ (ag-ar) becomes მოაღარები (moag-arebi).  
=== Importance of the Future Tense ===
 
The future tense plays a crucial role in everyday conversations. It allows you to express intentions, predictions, and plans. Knowing how to use the future tense will empower you to share your aspirations and talk about events that haven't happened yet. This skill is vital for effective communication, especially in a culture where hospitality and planning are highly valued.
 
=== Structure of the Future Tense ===
 
In Georgian, the future tense is formed differently than in English. The structure involves using the verb stem with specific suffixes based on the subject's person and number. We'll break down this formation step by step, so you can grasp it easily.
 
== Future Tense Formation ==
 
=== Verb Stems ===
 
First, let’s look at the verb stems. The verb stem is the base form of the verb without any endings. Here's how it works with some common verbs:


===Examples===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Verb (Infinitive) !! Verb Stem !! English Translation
|-
|-
! Georgian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
 
| წერა (ts'era) || წერ- (ts'er-) || to write
 
|-
|-
| ვიცოდები || vitsod-ebi || I will understand
 
| ლაპარაკი (laparak'i) || ლაპარაკ- (laparak-) || to speak
 
|-
|-
| მოგვიწევს || mogvits-evs || He/She will understand
 
| წასვლა (ts'asvla) || წასვლ- (ts'asvl-) || to go
 
|-
|-
| მოაღარები || moag-arebi || We will not do
 
| ჭამა (ch'ama) || ჭამ- (ch'am-) || to eat
 
|}
 
=== Future Tense Suffixes ===
 
The future tense suffixes are added to the verb stem. The basic future tense endings in Georgian are as follows:
 
* For '''First Person Singular''' (I): -ი (-i)
 
* For '''Second Person Singular''' (you): -ებ (eb)
 
* For '''Third Person Singular''' (he/she/it): -ებს (ebs)
 
* For '''First Person Plural''' (we): -ებთ (ebt)
 
* For '''Second Person Plural''' (you all): -ებთ (ebt)
 
* For '''Third Person Plural''' (they): -ებენ (eben)
 
=== Example Conjugation ===
 
Let’s take the verb "წერა" (to write) and conjugate it into the future tense.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Subject !! Verb Form (Future Tense) !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
 
|-
 
| I || ვწერ (vts'er) || [vts'ɛr] || I will write
 
|-
|-
| ვინახავები || vinax-avebi || They will see
 
| You (singular) || წერ (ts'er) || [ts'ɛr] || You will write
 
|-
 
| He/She/It || წერს (ts'ers) || [ts'ɛrs] || He/She/It will write
 
|-
 
| We || ვწერთ (vts'ert) || [vts'ɛrt] || We will write
 
|-
 
| You (plural) || დაწერთ (dats'ert) || [dats'ɛrt] || You (plural) will write
 
|-
 
| They || წერენ (ts'eren) || [ts'ɛrɛn] || They will write
 
|}
|}


==Usage==
== Using the Future Tense ==
The future tense is used to talk about actions that will take place in the future. It can also be used to make predictions or assumptions about the future.  
 
Once you've learned how to form the future tense, you can use it to express various ideas:
 
=== Making Plans ===
 
You can use the future tense to talk about your plans or intentions. For example:
 
* '''I will go to the market.'''
 
* Georgian: მე წავალ ბაზარში. (me ts'aval bazarshi.)
 
* '''They will visit us next week.'''
 
* Georgian: ისინი გვეწვევიან მომდევნო კვირას. (isini gvevriani momdevno qviras.)
 
=== Making Predictions ===
 
You can also use the future tense to make predictions:
 
* '''It will rain tomorrow.'''
 
* Georgian: ხვალ წვიმა იქნება. (khval ts'vima ikneba.)
 
* '''She will be happy.'''
 
* Georgian: ის ბედნიერი იქნება. (is bednieri ikneba.)
 
=== Expressing Intentions ===
 
Express your intentions clearly:
 
* '''I will study Georgian.'''
 
* Georgian: მე ვისწავლი ქართულს. (me visacvli kartuls.)
 
* '''We will have dinner at 7 PM.'''
 
* Georgian: ჩვენ ვივახშმებთ 7 საათზე. (chven vivakhshmebt 7 saatzze.)
 
=== Examples in Context ===
 
Let’s look at some more examples to reinforce your understanding:


===Examples===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Georgian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
! Georgian !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
 
| მე ვწერ წერილს. || me vts'er ts'erils. || I will write a letter.
 
|-
|-
| მე ამდენს მოგვარებ || me amdens mogvare || I will go tomorrow
 
| შენ წაიყვან შენს მეგობარს. || shen ts'ayvans shens megobars. || You will take your friend.
 
|-
|-
| მას არ აღარ მოაღარებს || mas ar ag-ar moag-arebs || He/She won't do it
 
| ის გაწვდილი იქნება. || is gats'vdlili ikneba. || He will be surprised.
 
|-
|-
| მოგვიწევს ამის შესახებ || mogvits-evs amis shesaxeb || He/She will understand this
 
| ჩვენ მეტად ვიმოგზაურებთ. || chven metad vimogzaurebt. || We will travel more.
 
|-
|-
| მე ვინახავ ამის შესახებ || me vinax-av amis shesaxeb || I will see this
 
| ისინი წავიდნენ ქალაქში. || isini ts'avidnen kalakshi. || They will go to the city.
 
|}
|}


==Conclusion==
== Exercises ==
In this lesson, we have looked at how to form the future tense in Georgian and how it is used. We have seen that the future tense is formed by adding the suffix -ები (-ebi) to the verb stem, or by adding the prefix მო- (mo-) to the verb stem for verbs that begin with a vowel. We have also seen some examples of how the future tense is used.  
 
Here are some exercises to practice what you’ve learned about the future tense.
 
=== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ===
 
Complete the sentences with the correct future tense form of the verbs in parentheses.
 
1. მე (წერ) __________ წერილი. 
 
2. შენ (გახდი) __________ ბრწყინვალე. 
 
3. ის (მოდიხარ) __________ ხვალ. 
 
4. ჩვენ (წავალთ) __________ ბათუმში. 
 
5. ისინი (ნახავთ) __________ ახალ ფილმზე. 
 
=== Exercise 2: Rewrite the Sentences ===
 
Rewrite the following sentences in the future tense.
 
1. მე ვწერ წერილს. 
 
2. ის მოდის. 
 
3. ჩვენ ვიქნებით სახლის პატრონები. 
 
4. შენ გიყვარს ეს წიგნები. 
 
5. ისინი თამაშობენ ფეხბურთს. 
 
=== Exercise 3: Translate to Georgian ===
 
Translate the following sentences to Georgian.
 
1. I will eat dinner at 8 PM. 
 
2. You will read a book. 
 
3. They will come to the party. 
 
4. She will run in the park. 
 
5. We will learn new words. 
 
=== Exercise 4: Match the Sentences ===
 
Match the Georgian sentences with their English translations.
 
1. მე ვწერ წერილს. 
 
2. შენ წავალ ბათუმში. 
 
3. ის ჩამოიყვანს. 
 
4. ჩვენ ვიქნებით ბედნიერები. 
 
5. ისინი დაიწყებენ სწავლას. 
 
a. They will start studying. 
 
b. I will write a letter. 
 
c. He will come down. 
 
d. You will go to Batumi. 
 
e. We will be happy.
 
=== Exercise 5: Create Your Own Sentences ===
 
Create five sentences in Georgian using the future tense. Share them with a partner and discuss their meanings.
 
== Solutions to Exercises ==
 
Here are the solutions for the exercises.
 
=== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ===
 
1. მე (წერ) '''ვწერ''' წერილი.
 
2. შენ (გახდი) '''გახდები''' ბრწყინვალე.
 
3. ის (მოდიხარ) '''მოდი''' ხვალ.
 
4. ჩვენ (წავალთ) '''წავალთ''' ბათუმში.
 
5. ისინი (ნახავთ) '''ნახავენ''' ახალ ფილმზე.
 
=== Exercise 2: Rewrite the Sentences ===
 
1. მე ვწერ წერილს. → მე ვწერ განახლებას.
 
2. ის მოდის. → ის მოვა.
 
3. ჩვენ ვიქნებით სახლის პატრონები. → ჩვენ ვიქნებით სახლის პატრონები.
 
4. შენ გიყვარს ეს წიგნები. → შენ გიყვარვა ეს წიგნები.
 
5. ისინი თამაშობენ ფეხბურთს. → ისინი ითამაშებენ ფეხბურთს.
 
=== Exercise 3: Translate to Georgian ===
 
1. I will eat dinner at 8 PM. → მე ვივახშმებ 8 საათზე.
 
2. You will read a book. → შენ წაიკითხავ წიგნს.
 
3. They will come to the party. → ისინი მოვლენ წვეულებაზე.
 
4. She will run in the park. → ის გაიქცევა პარკში.
 
5. We will learn new words. → ჩვენ ვისწავლით ახალ სიტყვებს.
 
=== Exercise 4: Match the Sentences ===
 
1. მე ვწერ წერილს. → b. I will write a letter.
 
2. შენ წავალ ბათუმში. → d. You will go to Batumi.
 
3. ის ჩამოიყვანს. → c. He will come down.
 
4. ჩვენ ვიქნებით ბედნიერები. → e. We will be happy.
 
5. ისინი დაიწყებენ სწავლას. → a. They will start studying.


Now that you have a better understanding of the future tense in Georgian, why not try using it in your own conversations? You can also practice by writing sentences in the future tense.
=== Exercise 5: Create Your Own Sentences ===


<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
(Answers will vary based on students' creativity.)
 
Congratulations on reaching the end of this lesson on the future tense! Keep practicing, and soon you’ll be able to speak about your future plans effortlessly. It's all about regular practice and using what you've learned in real-life situations. Remember, making mistakes is part of the learning process, so don't hesitate to use your newfound skills.


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Georgian Grammar - Future Tense
 
|keywords=future tense, Georgian, verb stem, suffix, prefix, examples, usage, conclusion
|title=Georgian Grammar: Future Tense
|description=In this lesson, we will learn about the future tense in Georgian. We will look at how to form the future tense, as well as some examples of how it is used. By the end of this lesson, you will have a better understanding of how to use the future tense in Georgian.
 
|keywords=future tense, Georgian language, learn Georgian, verb conjugation, Georgian grammar
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use the future tense in Georgian, complete with examples and exercises for practice.
 
}}
}}
{{Template:Georgian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Georgian-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Georgian-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
==Sources==
* [https://ling-app.com/ka/georgian-verbs/ 15+ Basic Georgian Verbs: Easiest Guide - Ling App]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgian_verb_paradigm Georgian verb paradigm - Wikipedia]
* [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Georgian/Grammar/Future-Tense Georgian Grammar - Future Tense]




==Related Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Orthography-Words-ending-at-“—ს”,-“—მ”,-“—ზ”-and-“—შ”|Orthography Words ending at “—ს”, “—მ”, “—ზ” and “—შ”]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/The-adverbial-case|The adverbial case]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Adverbs-of-Time|Adverbs of Time]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/The-Genitive-Case|The Genitive Case]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Verbs-Destination-System|Verbs Destination System]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Verbs-Destination-System|Verbs Destination System]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Infinitives|Infinitives]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Using-personal-pronouns-as-the-subject|Using personal pronouns as the subject]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Participles-of-medial-verbs|Participles of medial verbs]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/That-(რომ)|That (რომ)]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Infection-of-noun-endings-on-vowels|Infection of noun endings on vowels]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Participles|Participles]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/The-postposition-of-the-Nominative|The postposition of the Nominative]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Word-Order|Word Order]]
 
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Negative-imperatives-with-“ნუ”|Negative imperatives with “ნუ”]]
 
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Conjugation-verbs-Present,-Past-and-Future|Conjugation verbs Present, Past and Future]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Toasting|Toasting]]


{{Georgian-Page-Bottom}}
{{Georgian-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Past-Tense|◀️ Past Tense — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Conditional-and-Imperative|Next Lesson — Conditional and Imperative ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 15:12, 1 August 2024

◀️ Past Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Conditional and Imperative ▶️

Georgian-Language-PolyglotClub.png
GeorgianGrammar0 to A1 Course → Future Tense

Welcome to our lesson on the Future Tense in Georgian! This is an exciting topic, as it will help you communicate your thoughts and plans about what will happen. Whether you're making future arrangements or expressing your dreams, mastering the future tense is essential for your journey in learning Georgian.

In this lesson, we will cover the following points:

Importance of the Future Tense[edit | edit source]

The future tense plays a crucial role in everyday conversations. It allows you to express intentions, predictions, and plans. Knowing how to use the future tense will empower you to share your aspirations and talk about events that haven't happened yet. This skill is vital for effective communication, especially in a culture where hospitality and planning are highly valued.

Structure of the Future Tense[edit | edit source]

In Georgian, the future tense is formed differently than in English. The structure involves using the verb stem with specific suffixes based on the subject's person and number. We'll break down this formation step by step, so you can grasp it easily.

Future Tense Formation[edit | edit source]

Verb Stems[edit | edit source]

First, let’s look at the verb stems. The verb stem is the base form of the verb without any endings. Here's how it works with some common verbs:

Verb (Infinitive) Verb Stem English Translation
წერა (ts'era) წერ- (ts'er-) to write
ლაპარაკი (laparak'i) ლაპარაკ- (laparak-) to speak
წასვლა (ts'asvla) წასვლ- (ts'asvl-) to go
ჭამა (ch'ama) ჭამ- (ch'am-) to eat

Future Tense Suffixes[edit | edit source]

The future tense suffixes are added to the verb stem. The basic future tense endings in Georgian are as follows:

  • For First Person Singular (I): -ი (-i)
  • For Second Person Singular (you): -ებ (eb)
  • For Third Person Singular (he/she/it): -ებს (ebs)
  • For First Person Plural (we): -ებთ (ebt)
  • For Second Person Plural (you all): -ებთ (ebt)
  • For Third Person Plural (they): -ებენ (eben)

Example Conjugation[edit | edit source]

Let’s take the verb "წერა" (to write) and conjugate it into the future tense.

Subject Verb Form (Future Tense) Pronunciation English Translation
I ვწერ (vts'er) [vts'ɛr] I will write
You (singular) წერ (ts'er) [ts'ɛr] You will write
He/She/It წერს (ts'ers) [ts'ɛrs] He/She/It will write
We ვწერთ (vts'ert) [vts'ɛrt] We will write
You (plural) დაწერთ (dats'ert) [dats'ɛrt] You (plural) will write
They წერენ (ts'eren) [ts'ɛrɛn] They will write

Using the Future Tense[edit | edit source]

Once you've learned how to form the future tense, you can use it to express various ideas:

Making Plans[edit | edit source]

You can use the future tense to talk about your plans or intentions. For example:

  • I will go to the market.
  • Georgian: მე წავალ ბაზარში. (me ts'aval bazarshi.)
  • They will visit us next week.
  • Georgian: ისინი გვეწვევიან მომდევნო კვირას. (isini gvevriani momdevno qviras.)

Making Predictions[edit | edit source]

You can also use the future tense to make predictions:

  • It will rain tomorrow.
  • Georgian: ხვალ წვიმა იქნება. (khval ts'vima ikneba.)
  • She will be happy.
  • Georgian: ის ბედნიერი იქნება. (is bednieri ikneba.)

Expressing Intentions[edit | edit source]

Express your intentions clearly:

  • I will study Georgian.
  • Georgian: მე ვისწავლი ქართულს. (me visacvli kartuls.)
  • We will have dinner at 7 PM.
  • Georgian: ჩვენ ვივახშმებთ 7 საათზე. (chven vivakhshmebt 7 saatzze.)

Examples in Context[edit | edit source]

Let’s look at some more examples to reinforce your understanding:

Georgian Pronunciation English
მე ვწერ წერილს. me vts'er ts'erils. I will write a letter.
შენ წაიყვან შენს მეგობარს. shen ts'ayvans shens megobars. You will take your friend.
ის გაწვდილი იქნება. is gats'vdlili ikneba. He will be surprised.
ჩვენ მეტად ვიმოგზაურებთ. chven metad vimogzaurebt. We will travel more.
ისინი წავიდნენ ქალაქში. isini ts'avidnen kalakshi. They will go to the city.

Exercises[edit | edit source]

Here are some exercises to practice what you’ve learned about the future tense.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences with the correct future tense form of the verbs in parentheses.

1. მე (წერ) __________ წერილი.

2. შენ (გახდი) __________ ბრწყინვალე.

3. ის (მოდიხარ) __________ ხვალ.

4. ჩვენ (წავალთ) __________ ბათუმში.

5. ისინი (ნახავთ) __________ ახალ ფილმზე.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Rewrite the following sentences in the future tense.

1. მე ვწერ წერილს.

2. ის მოდის.

3. ჩვენ ვიქნებით სახლის პატრონები.

4. შენ გიყვარს ეს წიგნები.

5. ისინი თამაშობენ ფეხბურთს.

Exercise 3: Translate to Georgian[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences to Georgian.

1. I will eat dinner at 8 PM.

2. You will read a book.

3. They will come to the party.

4. She will run in the park.

5. We will learn new words.

Exercise 4: Match the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Match the Georgian sentences with their English translations.

1. მე ვწერ წერილს.

2. შენ წავალ ბათუმში.

3. ის ჩამოიყვანს.

4. ჩვენ ვიქნებით ბედნიერები.

5. ისინი დაიწყებენ სწავლას.

a. They will start studying.

b. I will write a letter.

c. He will come down.

d. You will go to Batumi.

e. We will be happy.

Exercise 5: Create Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

Create five sentences in Georgian using the future tense. Share them with a partner and discuss their meanings.

Solutions to Exercises[edit | edit source]

Here are the solutions for the exercises.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

1. მე (წერ) ვწერ წერილი.

2. შენ (გახდი) გახდები ბრწყინვალე.

3. ის (მოდიხარ) მოდი ხვალ.

4. ჩვენ (წავალთ) წავალთ ბათუმში.

5. ისინი (ნახავთ) ნახავენ ახალ ფილმზე.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the Sentences[edit | edit source]

1. მე ვწერ წერილს. → მე ვწერ განახლებას.

2. ის მოდის. → ის მოვა.

3. ჩვენ ვიქნებით სახლის პატრონები. → ჩვენ ვიქნებით სახლის პატრონები.

4. შენ გიყვარს ეს წიგნები. → შენ გიყვარვა ეს წიგნები.

5. ისინი თამაშობენ ფეხბურთს. → ისინი ითამაშებენ ფეხბურთს.

Exercise 3: Translate to Georgian[edit | edit source]

1. I will eat dinner at 8 PM. → მე ვივახშმებ 8 საათზე.

2. You will read a book. → შენ წაიკითხავ წიგნს.

3. They will come to the party. → ისინი მოვლენ წვეულებაზე.

4. She will run in the park. → ის გაიქცევა პარკში.

5. We will learn new words. → ჩვენ ვისწავლით ახალ სიტყვებს.

Exercise 4: Match the Sentences[edit | edit source]

1. მე ვწერ წერილს. → b. I will write a letter.

2. შენ წავალ ბათუმში. → d. You will go to Batumi.

3. ის ჩამოიყვანს. → c. He will come down.

4. ჩვენ ვიქნებით ბედნიერები. → e. We will be happy.

5. ისინი დაიწყებენ სწავლას. → a. They will start studying.

Exercise 5: Create Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

(Answers will vary based on students' creativity.)

Congratulations on reaching the end of this lesson on the future tense! Keep practicing, and soon you’ll be able to speak about your future plans effortlessly. It's all about regular practice and using what you've learned in real-life situations. Remember, making mistakes is part of the learning process, so don't hesitate to use your newfound skills.

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Past Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Conditional and Imperative ▶️