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{{Serbian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Serbian|Serbian]]  → [[Language/Serbian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Introduction to Serbian Grammar → Verbs: Past Tense</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Serbian|Serbian]]  → [[Language/Serbian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Serbian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs: Past Tense</div>
 
Welcome to the lesson on '''Past Tense Verbs''' in Serbian! Understanding how to use the past tense is crucial for expressing actions that have already happened. Whether you're recounting a story, sharing your experiences, or simply talking about what you did yesterday, mastering the past tense will significantly enhance your conversational skills in Serbian.
 
In this lesson, we will cover:
 
* The formation of past tense verbs in Serbian
 
* Different verb conjugations based on gender
 
* Examples of regular and irregular verbs
 
* Practical exercises to reinforce your learning
 
Let's dive in!


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== Understanding the Past Tense in Serbian ===
 
The past tense in Serbian is quite different from English. It indicates actions that have already been completed in the past. In Serbian, verbs are conjugated based on the subject's gender and number, which can seem a bit tricky at first, but with practice, you'll get the hang of it!
 
=== Formation of Past Tense Verbs ===
 
To form the past tense in Serbian, you typically follow these steps:
 
1. '''Identify the verb stem''': For most verbs, this is the base form without the infinitive ending (-ti).
 
2. '''Add the appropriate past tense ending''': The endings depend on the gender (masculine, feminine, neuter) and number (singular, plural) of the subject.
 
Here’s how the endings work:
 
* '''Masculine Singular''': Add '''-o''' to the stem
 
* '''Feminine Singular''': Add '''-la''' to the stem


In this lesson, we will explore the past tense in Serbian verbs. The past tense is used to talk about actions or events that have already happened in the past. Understanding and using the past tense is crucial for effective communication in Serbian, as it allows us to express ourselves when discussing past experiences, narrating stories, or simply talking about things that have occurred before the present moment. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of the past tense in Serbian verbs and be able to use it confidently in your conversations.
* '''Neuter Singular''': Add '''-lo''' to the stem


== The Past Tense Formations ==
* '''Masculine Plural''': Add '''-li''' to the stem


The past tense in Serbian is formed by conjugating verbs according to their infinitive endings. There are three main groups of verbs in Serbian: -iti verbs, -ati verbs, and -eti verbs. Each group has its own set of rules for conjugating verbs in the past tense. Let's take a closer look at each group and the corresponding conjugation patterns.
* '''Feminine Plural''': Add '''-le''' to the stem


=== -iti Verbs ===
* '''Neuter Plural''': Add '''-la''' to the stem


-iti verbs are the most common type of verbs in Serbian, and they end in -iti in their infinitive form. To conjugate -iti verbs in the past tense, we remove the -iti ending and add the appropriate past tense endings. The past tense endings for -iti verbs are as follows:
=== Examples of Conjugation ===
 
Let’s look at some examples to clarify this:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| raditi (to work) - radio || raditi - radio || I worked (masculine)
|-
| raditi (to work) - radila || raditi - radila || I worked (feminine)
|-
| raditi (to work) - radilo || raditi - radilo || It worked (neuter)
|-
| raditi (to work) - radili || raditi - radili || We worked (masculine)
|-
| raditi (to work) - radile || raditi - radile || We worked (feminine)
|-
| raditi (to work) - radila || raditi - radila || They worked (feminine)
|-
| doći (to come) - došao || doći - došao || He came (masculine)
|-
| doći (to come) - došla || doći - došla || She came (feminine)
|-
| doći (to come) - došlo || doći - došlo || It came (neuter)
|-
| doći (to come) - došli || doći - došli || They came (masculine)
|-
| govoriti (to speak) - govorio || govoriti - govorio || He spoke (masculine)
|-
| govoriti (to speak) - govorila || govoriti - govorila || She spoke (feminine)
|-
|-
| igrao || /igráo/ || played
 
| govoriti (to speak) - govorilo || govoriti - govorilo || It spoke (neuter)
 
|-
|-
| gledao || /gledáo/ || watched
 
| čitati (to read) - čitao || čitati - čitao || He read (masculine)
 
|-
|-
| pisao || /pisáo/ || wrote
 
| čitati (to read) - čitala || čitati - čitala || She read (feminine)
 
|-
 
| čitati (to read) - čitalo || čitati - čitalo || It read (neuter)
 
|-
 
| učiti (to learn) - učio || učiti - učio || He learned (masculine)
 
|-
 
| učiti (to learn) - učila || učiti - učila || She learned (feminine)
 
|-
 
| učiti (to learn) - učilo || učiti - učilo || It learned (neuter)
 
|-
 
| trčati (to run) - trčao || trčati - trčao || He ran (masculine)
 
|-
 
| trčati (to run) - trčala || trčati - trčala || She ran (feminine)
 
|-
 
| trčati (to run) - trčalo || trčati - trčalo || It ran (neuter)
 
|}
|}


Some examples of -iti verbs in the past tense:
=== Regular vs. Irregular Verbs ===


* On je igrao fudbal juče. (He played football yesterday.)
In Serbian, verbs can be categorized into regular and irregular verbs.  
* Ana je gledala film sinoć. (Ana watched a movie last night.)
* Marko je pisao pismo prošle nedelje. (Marko wrote a letter last week.)


=== -ati Verbs ===
'''Regular verbs''' follow the pattern mentioned above consistently.


-ati verbs are another common type of verbs in Serbian, and they end in -ati in their infinitive form. To conjugate -ati verbs in the past tense, we remove the -ati ending and add the appropriate past tense endings. The past tense endings for -ati verbs are as follows:
'''Irregular verbs''', however, may not follow standard conjugation rules. Here are a few examples of irregular verbs in the past tense:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| radio || /rádio/ || worked
 
| biti (to be) - bio || biti - bio || He was (masculine)
 
|-
|-
| pevao || /pévao/ || sang
 
| biti (to be) - bila || biti - bila || She was (feminine)
 
|-
|-
| plakao || /plákao/ || cried
|}


Some examples of -ati verbs in the past tense:
| biti (to be) - bilo || biti - bilo || It was (neuter)
 
|-


* On je radio celo popodne. (He worked the whole afternoon.)
| ići (to go) - išao || ići - išao || He went (masculine)
* Ana je pevala na koncertu sinoć. (Ana sang at the concert last night.)
* Marko je plakao kad je čuo tužnu vest. (Marko cried when he heard the sad news.)


=== -eti Verbs ===
|-


-eti verbs are less common than -iti and -ati verbs, and they end in -eti in their infinitive form. To conjugate -eti verbs in the past tense, we remove the -eti ending and add the appropriate past tense endings. The past tense endings for -eti verbs are as follows:
| ići (to go) - išla || ići - išla || She went (feminine)
 
|-
 
| ići (to go) - išlo || ići - išlo || It went (neuter)


{| class="wikitable"
! Serbian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| osetio || /osétio/ || felt
 
| videti (to see) - video || videti - video || He saw (masculine)
 
|-
|-
| video || /vídeo/ || saw
 
| videti (to see) - videla || videti - videla || She saw (feminine)
 
|-
|-
| imao || /imáo/ || had
 
| videti (to see) - videlo || videti - videlo || It saw (neuter)
 
|}
|}


Some examples of -eti verbs in the past tense:
=== Practice Exercises ===


* On je osetio miris cveća. (He felt the smell of flowers.)
Now that you have a solid understanding of how the past tense works, let's put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises to help you practice:
* Ana je videla zanimljiv prizor. (Ana saw an interesting scene.)
* Marko je imao lepu kuću. (Marko had a beautiful house.)


== Cultural Insights ==
=== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ===


In Serbian culture, the past tense is commonly used to share personal stories, reminisce about the past, or describe historical events. Serbian literature and folklore are rich in narratives that use the past tense to transport readers and listeners to different times and places. Additionally, the past tense plays an important role in Serbian traditional songs, where it is used to convey emotions and tell stories of love, loss, and heroism.
Complete the sentences with the correct past tense form of the verb in parentheses.


It's worth mentioning that regional variations exist in the usage and understanding of the past tense in Serbian. For example, some dialects may have different past tense formations, and certain regions may use different past tense endings or verb conjugations. These variations add depth and diversity to the Serbian language and reflect the cultural richness of the country.
1. Ona je _____ (raditi) ceo dan.  


== Practice Exercises ==
2. Mi smo _____ (ići) u restoran.


Now it's time to practice what you've learned about the past tense in Serbian verbs. Complete the following exercises and check your answers below.
3. On je _____ (doći) kasno.
 
4. Ti si _____ (čitati) knjigu.
 
5. Oni su _____ (trčati) u parku.
 
=== Exercise 2: Match the Sentence ===
 
Match the Serbian sentence with the correct English translation.
 
1. Ja sam video film. 
 
2. Ona je čitala knjigu. 
 
3. Oni su išli na more. 
 
4. Mi smo radili zajedno. 
 
5. Ti si došao rano. 
 
a. You came early. 
 
b. We worked together. 
 
c. They went to the seaside. 
 
d. She read the book. 
 
e. I saw the movie.
 
=== Exercise 3: Conjugate the Verbs ===
 
Conjugate the following verbs in the past tense for all genders and numbers.


Exercise 1: Conjugate the following verbs in the past tense:
1. igrati (to play)
1. igrati (to play)
2. pevati (to sing)
2. pevati (to sing)
3. videti (to see)
4. raditi (to work)


Exercise 2: Translate the following sentences into Serbian using the past tense:
3. pisati (to write)
1. I watched a movie last night.
2. He played football yesterday.
3. Ana cried when she heard the sad news.
4. Marko had a beautiful house.


Exercise 3: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in the past tense:
=== Exercise 4: Translate the Sentences ===
1. Ana __________ (raditi) all day yesterday.
2. Marko __________ (pevati) at the concert last night.
3. They __________ (videti) an interesting movie.
4. I __________ (imati) a great time on vacation.


== Exercise Solutions ==
Translate the following sentences into Serbian.


Exercise 1:
1. She learned the language.
1. igrao
2. pevao
3. video
4. radio


Exercise 2:
2. They were happy.
1. Gledao sam film sinoć.
2. On je igrao fudbal juče.
3. Ana je plakala kad je čula tužnu vest.
4. Marko je imao lepu kuću.


Exercise 3:
3. He ran fast.
1. je radila
2. je pevao
3. su videli
4. sam imao


== Conclusion ==
=== Exercise 5: Create Your Own Sentences ===


Congratulations! You have successfully learned about the past tense in Serbian verbs. You now have the knowledge and skills to express past actions and events in Serbian. Keep practicing and using the past tense in your conversations to become more fluent and confident in Serbian. In the next lesson, we will continue our exploration of Serbian grammar with the future tense. Dobro urađeno! (Well done!)
Write five sentences in Serbian using the past tense about your last weekend. Make sure to use different verbs and include all genders.
 
=== Solutions to Exercises ===
 
Here are the solutions to the exercises provided above:
 
=== Solution to Exercise 1 ===
 
1. Ona je radila ceo dan.
 
2. Mi smo išli u restoran.
 
3. On je došao kasno.
 
4. Ti si čitao knjigu.
 
5. Oni su trčali u parku.
 
=== Solution to Exercise 2 ===
 
1 - e 
 
2 - d 
 
3 - c 
 
4 - b 
 
5 - a 
 
=== Solution to Exercise 3 ===
 
1. igrati (to play)
 
* igrao (masculine)
 
* igrala (feminine)
 
* igralo (neuter)
 
* igrali (masculine plural)
 
* igrale (feminine plural)
 
2. pevati (to sing)
 
* pevao (masculine)
 
* pevala (feminine)
 
* pevalo (neuter)
 
* pevali (masculine plural)
 
* pevale (feminine plural)
 
3. pisati (to write)
 
* pisao (masculine)
 
* pisala (feminine)
 
* pisalo (neuter)
 
* pisali (masculine plural)
 
* pisale (feminine plural)
 
=== Solution to Exercise 4 ===
 
1. Ona je naučila jezik.
 
2. Oni su bili srećni.
 
3. On je trčao brzo.
 
=== Solution to Exercise 5 ===
 
(Answers will vary. Here’s an example:)
 
1. Ja sam video film.
 
2. Ona je čitala knjigu.
 
3. Oni su išli na more.
 
4. Mi smo radili u vrtu.
 
5. On je trčao u parku.
 
=== Conclusion ===
 
Congratulations! You've completed the lesson on past tense verbs in Serbian. Remember, practice makes perfect. Keep using these verbs in conversation, and soon you'll be recounting your experiences with ease. If you have any questions or need clarification, feel free to reach out!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Serbian Grammar → Introduction to Serbian Grammar → Verbs: Past Tense
 
|keywords=Serbian grammar, past tense in Serbian, Serbian verbs, Serbian language, conjugating verbs in Serbian
|title=Learn Serbian Past Tense Verbs
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the past tense in Serbian verbs. We will explore the different verb groups and their conjugation patterns, and provide examples and exercises for practice.
 
|keywords=Serbian grammar, past tense, Serbian verbs, language learning, Serbian for beginners
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use past tense verbs in Serbian, including examples and practice exercises to reinforce your understanding.
 
}}
}}


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==Videos==
==Videos==

Latest revision as of 01:47, 1 August 2024

◀️ Verbs: Present Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Greetings and Introductions ▶️

Serbian-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Serbian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Verbs: Past Tense

Welcome to the lesson on Past Tense Verbs in Serbian! Understanding how to use the past tense is crucial for expressing actions that have already happened. Whether you're recounting a story, sharing your experiences, or simply talking about what you did yesterday, mastering the past tense will significantly enhance your conversational skills in Serbian.

In this lesson, we will cover:

  • The formation of past tense verbs in Serbian
  • Different verb conjugations based on gender
  • Examples of regular and irregular verbs
  • Practical exercises to reinforce your learning

Let's dive in!

Understanding the Past Tense in Serbian[edit | edit source]

The past tense in Serbian is quite different from English. It indicates actions that have already been completed in the past. In Serbian, verbs are conjugated based on the subject's gender and number, which can seem a bit tricky at first, but with practice, you'll get the hang of it!

Formation of Past Tense Verbs[edit | edit source]

To form the past tense in Serbian, you typically follow these steps:

1. Identify the verb stem: For most verbs, this is the base form without the infinitive ending (-ti).

2. Add the appropriate past tense ending: The endings depend on the gender (masculine, feminine, neuter) and number (singular, plural) of the subject.

Here’s how the endings work:

  • Masculine Singular: Add -o to the stem
  • Feminine Singular: Add -la to the stem
  • Neuter Singular: Add -lo to the stem
  • Masculine Plural: Add -li to the stem
  • Feminine Plural: Add -le to the stem
  • Neuter Plural: Add -la to the stem

Examples of Conjugation[edit | edit source]

Let’s look at some examples to clarify this:

Serbian Pronunciation English
raditi (to work) - radio raditi - radio I worked (masculine)
raditi (to work) - radila raditi - radila I worked (feminine)
raditi (to work) - radilo raditi - radilo It worked (neuter)
raditi (to work) - radili raditi - radili We worked (masculine)
raditi (to work) - radile raditi - radile We worked (feminine)
raditi (to work) - radila raditi - radila They worked (feminine)
doći (to come) - došao doći - došao He came (masculine)
doći (to come) - došla doći - došla She came (feminine)
doći (to come) - došlo doći - došlo It came (neuter)
doći (to come) - došli doći - došli They came (masculine)
govoriti (to speak) - govorio govoriti - govorio He spoke (masculine)
govoriti (to speak) - govorila govoriti - govorila She spoke (feminine)
govoriti (to speak) - govorilo govoriti - govorilo It spoke (neuter)
čitati (to read) - čitao čitati - čitao He read (masculine)
čitati (to read) - čitala čitati - čitala She read (feminine)
čitati (to read) - čitalo čitati - čitalo It read (neuter)
učiti (to learn) - učio učiti - učio He learned (masculine)
učiti (to learn) - učila učiti - učila She learned (feminine)
učiti (to learn) - učilo učiti - učilo It learned (neuter)
trčati (to run) - trčao trčati - trčao He ran (masculine)
trčati (to run) - trčala trčati - trčala She ran (feminine)
trčati (to run) - trčalo trčati - trčalo It ran (neuter)

Regular vs. Irregular Verbs[edit | edit source]

In Serbian, verbs can be categorized into regular and irregular verbs.

Regular verbs follow the pattern mentioned above consistently.

Irregular verbs, however, may not follow standard conjugation rules. Here are a few examples of irregular verbs in the past tense:

Serbian Pronunciation English
biti (to be) - bio biti - bio He was (masculine)
biti (to be) - bila biti - bila She was (feminine)
biti (to be) - bilo biti - bilo It was (neuter)
ići (to go) - išao ići - išao He went (masculine)
ići (to go) - išla ići - išla She went (feminine)
ići (to go) - išlo ići - išlo It went (neuter)
videti (to see) - video videti - video He saw (masculine)
videti (to see) - videla videti - videla She saw (feminine)
videti (to see) - videlo videti - videlo It saw (neuter)

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that you have a solid understanding of how the past tense works, let's put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises to help you practice:

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences with the correct past tense form of the verb in parentheses.

1. Ona je _____ (raditi) ceo dan.

2. Mi smo _____ (ići) u restoran.

3. On je _____ (doći) kasno.

4. Ti si _____ (čitati) knjigu.

5. Oni su _____ (trčati) u parku.

Exercise 2: Match the Sentence[edit | edit source]

Match the Serbian sentence with the correct English translation.

1. Ja sam video film.

2. Ona je čitala knjigu.

3. Oni su išli na more.

4. Mi smo radili zajedno.

5. Ti si došao rano.

a. You came early.

b. We worked together.

c. They went to the seaside.

d. She read the book.

e. I saw the movie.

Exercise 3: Conjugate the Verbs[edit | edit source]

Conjugate the following verbs in the past tense for all genders and numbers.

1. igrati (to play)

2. pevati (to sing)

3. pisati (to write)

Exercise 4: Translate the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Serbian.

1. She learned the language.

2. They were happy.

3. He ran fast.

Exercise 5: Create Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

Write five sentences in Serbian using the past tense about your last weekend. Make sure to use different verbs and include all genders.

Solutions to Exercises[edit | edit source]

Here are the solutions to the exercises provided above:

Solution to Exercise 1[edit | edit source]

1. Ona je radila ceo dan.

2. Mi smo išli u restoran.

3. On je došao kasno.

4. Ti si čitao knjigu.

5. Oni su trčali u parku.

Solution to Exercise 2[edit | edit source]

1 - e

2 - d

3 - c

4 - b

5 - a

Solution to Exercise 3[edit | edit source]

1. igrati (to play)

  • igrao (masculine)
  • igrala (feminine)
  • igralo (neuter)
  • igrali (masculine plural)
  • igrale (feminine plural)

2. pevati (to sing)

  • pevao (masculine)
  • pevala (feminine)
  • pevalo (neuter)
  • pevali (masculine plural)
  • pevale (feminine plural)

3. pisati (to write)

  • pisao (masculine)
  • pisala (feminine)
  • pisalo (neuter)
  • pisali (masculine plural)
  • pisale (feminine plural)

Solution to Exercise 4[edit | edit source]

1. Ona je naučila jezik.

2. Oni su bili srećni.

3. On je trčao brzo.

Solution to Exercise 5[edit | edit source]

(Answers will vary. Here’s an example:)

1. Ja sam video film.

2. Ona je čitala knjigu.

3. Oni su išli na more.

4. Mi smo radili u vrtu.

5. On je trčao u parku.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You've completed the lesson on past tense verbs in Serbian. Remember, practice makes perfect. Keep using these verbs in conversation, and soon you'll be recounting your experiences with ease. If you have any questions or need clarification, feel free to reach out!

Table of Contents - Serbian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Serbian Grammar


Introduction to Serbian Vocabulary


Introduction to Serbian Culture


Pronouns: Possessive Pronouns


Shopping


Sports and Recreation


Adjectives: Declension


Jobs and Professions


Literature and Poetry


Verbs: Conditional


Entertainment and Media


Art and Artists

Videos[edit | edit source]

Serbian Verbs for Beginners | Present, Future and Past Tense ...[edit | edit source]


Sources[edit | edit source]



Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Verbs: Present Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Greetings and Introductions ▶️

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