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{{Portuguese-Page-Top}}
{{Portuguese-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Portuguese|Portuguese]]  → [[Language/Portuguese/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Portuguese/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Unit 2: Verbs - Present Tense → Ser and Estar</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Portuguese|Portuguese]]  → [[Language/Portuguese/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Portuguese/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Ser and Estar</div>
 
Welcome to today’s lesson on a fundamental aspect of Portuguese grammar: the verbs '''ser''' and '''estar'''. These two verbs translate to "to be" in English, but they are not interchangeable. Understanding when to use each one is essential for constructing correct sentences and expressing yourself accurately in Portuguese.
 
=== Why Are Ser and Estar Important? ===
 
In Portuguese, '''ser''' and '''estar''' serve different purposes, and mastering their usage will significantly enhance your communication skills. Whether you’re describing a person's characteristics, expressing emotions, or talking about time, knowing which verb to use is crucial. This lesson will provide you with the tools to differentiate between the two and use them correctly in various contexts.
 
=== Structure of the Lesson ===
 
1. Introduction to '''ser''' and '''estar'''
 
2. Detailed explanation of when to use '''ser'''
 
3. Detailed explanation of when to use '''estar'''
 
4. Comparison table of '''ser''' and '''estar'''
 
5. Examples of sentences using both verbs
 
6. Exercises to practice your knowledge
 
7. Review and conclusion


__TOC__
__TOC__


In this lesson, we will learn about two important verbs in Portuguese: 'ser' and 'estar'. These verbs are used to express different states of being or conditions. Understanding the difference between 'ser' and 'estar' is essential for forming correct sentences and communicating effectively in Portuguese.
=== Introduction to Ser and Estar ===
 
Before we dive in, let’s clarify the essence of '''ser''' and '''estar'''.
 
* '''Ser''' is used for permanent or intrinsic qualities.
 
* '''Estar''' is used for temporary states or conditions.
 
Both verbs are irregular, meaning they do not follow the regular conjugation patterns, which makes them unique and sometimes tricky for learners.  
 
=== When to Use Ser ===


== Introduction ==
'''Ser''' is used in the following contexts:


The verbs 'ser' and 'estar' both translate to the English verb 'to be', but they are used in different contexts. 'Ser' is used to talk about permanent or inherent qualities, while 'estar' is used to talk about temporary or changeable conditions.
1. '''Identity''': To describe who someone is.


For example, if you want to say "I am tall", you would use 'ser' because height is considered a permanent quality. On the other hand, if you want to say "I am tired", you would use 'estar' because tiredness is a temporary condition.
2. '''Origin''': To indicate where someone is from.


In this lesson, we will explore the different uses of 'ser' and 'estar' and provide examples to help you understand how to use these verbs correctly.
3. '''Profession''': To describe someone’s job.


=== Ser ===
4. '''Characteristics''': For inherent characteristics or qualities.


The verb 'ser' is used to talk about the following:
5. '''Time''': To tell the time or date.


- Identity: who or what someone or something is.
6. '''Possession''': To indicate ownership.
- Nationality: the country someone is from.
- Occupations: someone's profession or job.
- Characteristics: inherent qualities of someone or something.
- Time and dates: expressing the time or date.
- Possession: indicating ownership or possession.
- Origin: where someone or something is from.


Let's look at some examples of how 'ser' is used in sentences:
Let’s see some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Eu sou professor. || ew soʊ pɾo.feˈsoɾ || I am a teacher.
|-
|-
| Eu sou brasileiro(a). || /e-u so-u bra-zi-ley-ro(a)/ || I am Brazilian.
 
| Ela é brasileira. || ˈɛ.lɐ ɛ bɾa.ziˈleɾɐ || She is Brazilian.
 
|-
|-
| Ele é médico. || /e-le ey me-dii-co/ || He is a doctor.
 
| Nós somos amigos. || nɔɪs ˈso.mus aˈmiɡus || We are friends.
 
|-
 
| Eles são engenheiros. || ˈe.leɪs sɐ̃w ẽ.ʒeˈɲeɾus || They are engineers.
 
|-
|-
| O carro é vermelho. || /o ka-ro ey veer-meh-lyo/ || The car is red.
 
| Hoje é segunda-feira. || ˈoʒi ɛ seɡũˈda ˈfeɾɐ || Today is Monday.
 
|-
|-
| Hoje é segunda-feira. || /o-zhe ey so-oon-da-fey-ra/ || Today is Monday.
 
| O carro é meu. || u ˈkaʁu ɛ mew || The car is mine.
 
|}
|}


As you can see from these examples, 'ser' is used to talk about permanent or inherent qualities, such as nationality, profession, characteristics, and origin.
=== When to Use Estar ===
 
'''Estar''' is used in these situations:
 
1. '''Location''': To indicate where someone or something is.
 
2. '''Emotions''': To express feelings or emotions.


=== Estar ===
3. '''Physical States''': To describe temporary physical states.


The verb 'estar' is used to talk about the following:
4. '''Ongoing Actions''': To indicate actions in progress (using the present continuous).


- Location: where someone or something is located.
5. '''Conditions''': For states that are likely to change.
- Temporary states: someone's current condition or state.
- Emotions and feelings: how someone feels at a particular moment.
- Present progressive: actions that are happening right now.


Let's look at some examples of how 'estar' is used in sentences:
Here are some examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
! Portuguese !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Eu estou cansado. || ew isˈtoʊ̃ kɐ̃ˈza.ðu || I am tired.
|-
| Ela está feliz. || ˈɛ.lɐ esˈta feˈlis || She is happy.
|-
|-
| Eu estou em casa. || /e-u ey-sto-u e-m ka-za/ || I am at home.
 
| Nós estamos em casa. || nɔɪs esˈtãw ẽ ˈka.zɐ || We are at home.
 
|-
|-
| Ela está feliz. || /e-la ey-sta fe-leez/ || She is happy.
 
| Eles estão estudando. || ˈe.leɪs esˈtɐ̃w es.tuˈdɐ̃du || They are studying.
 
|-
|-
| Nós estamos estudando. || /no-s ey-sta-moos es-too-dan-do/ || We are studying.
 
| O livro está na mesa. || u ˈli.vɾu esˈta na ˈme.zɐ || The book is on the table.
 
|-
|-
| O livro está na mesa. || /o lee-vro ey-sta na me-za/ || The book is on the table.
 
| A água está fria. || a ˈa.ɡwɐ esˈta ˈfɾi.ɐ || The water is cold.
 
|}
|}


As you can see from these examples, 'estar' is used to talk about temporary or changeable conditions, such as location, emotions, and present progressive actions.
=== Comparison of Ser and Estar ===


== Key Differences ==
To make things clearer, let’s compare '''ser''' and '''estar''' side by side in a table:


To summarize the key differences between 'ser' and 'estar':
{| class="wikitable"


- 'Ser' is used for permanent or inherent qualities, while 'estar' is used for temporary or changeable conditions.
! Aspect !! Ser !! Estar
- 'Ser' is used for identity, nationality, occupations, characteristics, time and dates, possession, and origin.
- 'Estar' is used for location, temporary states, emotions and feelings, and present progressive actions.


It's important to note that the choice between 'ser' and 'estar' can sometimes be subjective and depend on context. However, understanding the general guidelines will help you make the correct choice in most situations.
|-


== Practice Exercises ==
| Identity || Eu sou médico. (I am a doctor.) || Eu estou médico. (I am a doctor.)


Now that you have learned the difference between 'ser' and 'estar', let's practice using these verbs in sentences. Choose the correct form of 'ser' or 'estar' to complete each sentence.
|-


1. Eu _______ cansado. (estar)
| Origin || Ela é espanhola. (She is Spanish.) || Ela está em Madrid. (She is in Madrid.)
2. Ela _______ advogada. (ser)
3. Nós _______ em casa. (estar)
4. O filme _______ bom. (ser)
5. O avião _______ no aeroporto. (estar)


Answers:
|-
1. estou
2. é
3. estamos
4. é
5. está


== Conclusion ==
| Profession || Nós somos professores. (We are teachers.) || Nós estamos trabalhando. (We are working.)


Congratulations! You have completed Unit 2 of the "Complete 0 to A1 Portuguese Course". In this lesson, you have learned about the difference between the verbs 'ser' and 'estar' and how to use them in sentences. Understanding the distinction between these two verbs is essential for accurate communication in Portuguese. Keep practicing and applying what you have learned, and you will continue to improve your Portuguese language skills.
|-
 
| Characteristics || Ele é alto. (He is tall.) || Ele está nervoso. (He is nervous.)
 
|-
 
| Time || Hoje é sábado. (Today is Saturday.) || Hoje está chuvoso. (Today is rainy.)
 
|-
 
| Possession || O carro é meu. (The car is mine.) || O carro está na garagem. (The car is in the garage.)
 
|}
 
=== Examples of Sentences Using Both Verbs ===
 
Now, let’s look at some sentences that illustrate the use of both '''ser''' and '''estar''' in various contexts:
 
1. '''Ser''': O céu é azul. (The sky is blue.)
 
2. '''Estar''': O céu está nublado. (The sky is cloudy.)
 
3. '''Ser''': Ela é estudante. (She is a student.)
 
4. '''Estar''': Ela está estudando. (She is studying.)
 
5. '''Ser''': Nós somos felizes. (We are happy.)
 
6. '''Estar''': Nós estamos felizes hoje. (We are happy today.)
 
7. '''Ser''': O livro é interessante. (The book is interesting.)
 
8. '''Estar''': O livro está na mesa. (The book is on the table.)
 
9. '''Ser''': Ele é meu amigo. (He is my friend.)
 
10. '''Estar''': Ele está em casa. (He is at home.)
 
11. '''Ser''': A festa é amanhã. (The party is tomorrow.)
 
12. '''Estar''': A festa está em andamento. (The party is ongoing.)
 
13. '''Ser''': A casa é grande. (The house is big.)
 
14. '''Estar''': A casa está limpa. (The house is clean.)
 
15. '''Ser''': O filme é bom. (The movie is good.)
 
16. '''Estar''': O filme está chato. (The movie is boring.)
 
17. '''Ser''': Eles são atletas. (They are athletes.)
 
18. '''Estar''': Eles estão jogando futebol. (They are playing soccer.)
 
19. '''Ser''': Essa música é popular. (This song is popular.)
 
20. '''Estar''': Essa música está tocando agora. (This song is playing now.)
 
=== Exercises to Practice Ser and Estar ===
 
Now that you have a good grasp of how to use '''ser''' and '''estar''', it's time to practice! Below are exercises designed to reinforce your understanding.
 
1. '''Fill in the blanks with ser or estar''':
 
* Eu ___ feliz. (I am happy.)
 
* Ela ___ professora. (She is a teacher.)
 
* Nós ___ na escola. (We are at school.)
 
* O filme ___ interessante. (The movie is interesting.)
 
* Eles ___ cansados. (They are tired.)
 
2. '''Translate the sentences into Portuguese''':
 
* The car is new.
 
* We are at the park.
 
* She is my sister.
 
* The soup is hot.
 
* Today is Friday.
 
3. '''Choose the correct verb (ser or estar)''':
 
* A casa ___ bonita. (The house is beautiful.)
 
* Eu ___ em casa. (I am at home.)
 
* O sol ___ brilhante. (The sun is bright.)
 
* Eles ___ felizes. (They are happy.)
 
* Ele ___ médico. (He is a doctor.)
 
4. '''Complete the sentences''':
 
* Eu ___ (to be) de Portugal.
 
* Ela ___ (to be) triste.
 
* Nós ___ (to be) amigos.
 
* O livro ___ (to be) na mesa.
 
* A água ___ (to be) fria.
 
5. '''Rewrite the sentences using the correct form''':
 
* Eu (ser) feliz.
 
* Ele (estar) em casa.
 
* Nós (ser) estudantes.
 
* Você (estar) ocupado.
 
* Eles (ser) meus amigos.
 
6. '''Match the sentences with the correct verb''':
 
* A festa ___ (is) na casa de Maria.
 
* O carro ___ (is) de João.
 
* Eu ___ (am) cansado hoje.
 
* Ela ___ (is) bonita.
 
* O gato ___ (is) na sala.
 
7. '''Create sentences using both verbs''':
 
* Write a sentence using '''ser''' to describe a friend.
 
* Write a sentence using '''estar''' to describe how you feel today.
 
* Describe the weather today using both verbs.
 
* Talk about your profession using '''ser'''.
 
* Describe where you are right now using '''estar'''.
 
8. '''Identify the errors''':
 
* Rewrite the sentences correcting the mistakes:
 
* Eu sou feliz hoje.
 
* Ela está engenheira.
 
* Nós somos na escola.
 
* O livro é na mesa.
 
* Eles são cansados.
 
9. '''Translate the following sentences into English''':
 
* O cachorro está no parque.
 
* Hoje é um dia bonito.
 
* Nós estamos felizes juntos.
 
* O professor é muito bom.
 
* Eles estão estudando para a prova.
 
10. '''Conjugate the verbs in the present tense''':
 
* Complete the following:
 
* Eu ___ (ser) alto.
 
* Ela ___ (estar) triste.
 
* Nós ___ (ser) amigos.
 
* Você ___ (estar) na escola.
 
* Eles ___ (ser) estudantes.
 
=== Solutions and Explanations for Exercises ===
 
1. '''Fill in the blanks''':
 
* Eu '''estou''' feliz.
 
* Ela '''é''' professora.
 
* Nós '''estamos''' na escola.
 
* O filme '''é''' interessante.
 
* Eles '''estão''' cansados.
 
2. '''Translations''':
 
* O carro '''é''' novo.
 
* Nós '''estamos''' no parque.
 
* Ela '''é''' minha irmã.
 
* A sopa '''está''' quente.
 
* Hoje '''é''' sexta-feira.
 
3. '''Correct verb choice''':
 
* A casa '''é''' bonita.
 
* Eu '''estou''' em casa.
 
* O sol '''é''' brilhante.
 
* Eles '''estão''' felizes.
 
* Ele '''é''' médico.
 
4. '''Completed sentences''':
 
* Eu '''sou''' de Portugal.
 
* Ela '''está''' triste.
 
* Nós '''somos''' amigos.
 
* O livro '''está''' na mesa.
 
* A água '''está''' fria.
 
5. '''Rewritten sentences''':
 
* Eu '''sou''' feliz.
 
* Ele '''está''' em casa.
 
* Nós '''somos''' estudantes.
 
* Você '''está''' ocupado.
 
* Eles '''são''' meus amigos.
 
6. '''Matched sentences''':
 
* A festa '''está''' na casa de Maria.
 
* O carro '''é''' de João.
 
* Eu '''estou''' cansado hoje.
 
* Ela '''é''' bonita.
 
* O gato '''está''' na sala.
 
7. '''Examples of sentences''':
 
* My friend '''é''' muito inteligente. (My friend is very smart.)
 
* Hoje eu '''estou''' cansado. (Today I am tired.)
 
* Hoje '''é''' um dia bonito, mas '''está''' frio. (Today is a beautiful day, but it is cold.)
 
* Eu '''sou''' professor. (I am a teacher.)
 
* Eu '''estou''' em casa agora. (I am at home now.)
 
8. '''Errors corrected''':
 
* Eu '''estou''' feliz hoje.
 
* Ela '''é''' engenheira.
 
* Nós '''estamos''' na escola.
 
* O livro '''está''' na mesa.
 
* Eles '''estão''' cansados.
 
9. '''English Translations''':
 
* The dog is in the park.
 
* Today is a beautiful day.
 
* We are happy together.
 
* The teacher is very good.
 
* They are studying for the exam.
 
10. '''Conjugated verbs''':
 
* Eu '''sou''' alto.
 
* Ela '''está''' triste.
 
* Nós '''somos''' amigos.
 
* Você '''está''' na escola.
 
* Eles '''são''' estudantes.
 
=== Conclusion ===
 
Congratulations! You’ve now learned the essential differences between '''ser''' and '''estar'''. Remember, '''ser''' is used for permanent traits, while '''estar''' is for temporary states. Keep practicing, and soon you’ll feel more confident using these important verbs in your conversations.
 
As you continue through the course, integrating '''ser''' and '''estar''' into your vocabulary will support your growth as a Portuguese speaker. Happy learning!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Portuguese Grammar → Unit 2: Verbs - Present Tense → Ser and Estar
 
|keywords=Portuguese grammar, present tense verbs, ser and estar, difference between ser and estar, Portuguese language, learn Portuguese
|title=Portuguese Grammar: Understanding Ser and Estar
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the difference between the Portuguese verbs 'ser' and 'estar' and how to use them correctly in sentences. Improve your Portuguese grammar and communication skills with this comprehensive lesson.
 
|keywords=ser, estar, Portuguese grammar, language learning, verbs, beginner Portuguese
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the difference between the verbs ser and estar in Portuguese, including how to use them in sentences with examples and exercises.
 
}}
}}


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==Sources==
==Sources==

Latest revision as of 16:27, 31 July 2024

◀️ Irregular Verbs — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Family Members ▶️

Portuguese-europe-brazil-polyglotclub.png
Portuguese → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Ser and Estar

Welcome to today’s lesson on a fundamental aspect of Portuguese grammar: the verbs ser and estar. These two verbs translate to "to be" in English, but they are not interchangeable. Understanding when to use each one is essential for constructing correct sentences and expressing yourself accurately in Portuguese.

Why Are Ser and Estar Important?[edit | edit source]

In Portuguese, ser and estar serve different purposes, and mastering their usage will significantly enhance your communication skills. Whether you’re describing a person's characteristics, expressing emotions, or talking about time, knowing which verb to use is crucial. This lesson will provide you with the tools to differentiate between the two and use them correctly in various contexts.

Structure of the Lesson[edit | edit source]

1. Introduction to ser and estar

2. Detailed explanation of when to use ser

3. Detailed explanation of when to use estar

4. Comparison table of ser and estar

5. Examples of sentences using both verbs

6. Exercises to practice your knowledge

7. Review and conclusion

Introduction to Ser and Estar[edit | edit source]

Before we dive in, let’s clarify the essence of ser and estar.

  • Ser is used for permanent or intrinsic qualities.
  • Estar is used for temporary states or conditions.

Both verbs are irregular, meaning they do not follow the regular conjugation patterns, which makes them unique and sometimes tricky for learners.

When to Use Ser[edit | edit source]

Ser is used in the following contexts:

1. Identity: To describe who someone is.

2. Origin: To indicate where someone is from.

3. Profession: To describe someone’s job.

4. Characteristics: For inherent characteristics or qualities.

5. Time: To tell the time or date.

6. Possession: To indicate ownership.

Let’s see some examples:

Portuguese Pronunciation English
Eu sou professor. ew soʊ pɾo.feˈsoɾ I am a teacher.
Ela é brasileira. ˈɛ.lɐ ɛ bɾa.ziˈleɾɐ She is Brazilian.
Nós somos amigos. nɔɪs ˈso.mus aˈmiɡus We are friends.
Eles são engenheiros. ˈe.leɪs sɐ̃w ẽ.ʒeˈɲeɾus They are engineers.
Hoje é segunda-feira. ˈoʒi ɛ seɡũˈda ˈfeɾɐ Today is Monday.
O carro é meu. u ˈkaʁu ɛ mew The car is mine.

When to Use Estar[edit | edit source]

Estar is used in these situations:

1. Location: To indicate where someone or something is.

2. Emotions: To express feelings or emotions.

3. Physical States: To describe temporary physical states.

4. Ongoing Actions: To indicate actions in progress (using the present continuous).

5. Conditions: For states that are likely to change.

Here are some examples:

Portuguese Pronunciation English
Eu estou cansado. ew isˈtoʊ̃ kɐ̃ˈza.ðu I am tired.
Ela está feliz. ˈɛ.lɐ esˈta feˈlis She is happy.
Nós estamos em casa. nɔɪs esˈtãw ẽ ˈka.zɐ We are at home.
Eles estão estudando. ˈe.leɪs esˈtɐ̃w es.tuˈdɐ̃du They are studying.
O livro está na mesa. u ˈli.vɾu esˈta na ˈme.zɐ The book is on the table.
A água está fria. a ˈa.ɡwɐ esˈta ˈfɾi.ɐ The water is cold.

Comparison of Ser and Estar[edit | edit source]

To make things clearer, let’s compare ser and estar side by side in a table:

Aspect Ser Estar
Identity Eu sou médico. (I am a doctor.) Eu estou médico. (I am a doctor.)
Origin Ela é espanhola. (She is Spanish.) Ela está em Madrid. (She is in Madrid.)
Profession Nós somos professores. (We are teachers.) Nós estamos trabalhando. (We are working.)
Characteristics Ele é alto. (He is tall.) Ele está nervoso. (He is nervous.)
Time Hoje é sábado. (Today is Saturday.) Hoje está chuvoso. (Today is rainy.)
Possession O carro é meu. (The car is mine.) O carro está na garagem. (The car is in the garage.)

Examples of Sentences Using Both Verbs[edit | edit source]

Now, let’s look at some sentences that illustrate the use of both ser and estar in various contexts:

1. Ser: O céu é azul. (The sky is blue.)

2. Estar: O céu está nublado. (The sky is cloudy.)

3. Ser: Ela é estudante. (She is a student.)

4. Estar: Ela está estudando. (She is studying.)

5. Ser: Nós somos felizes. (We are happy.)

6. Estar: Nós estamos felizes hoje. (We are happy today.)

7. Ser: O livro é interessante. (The book is interesting.)

8. Estar: O livro está na mesa. (The book is on the table.)

9. Ser: Ele é meu amigo. (He is my friend.)

10. Estar: Ele está em casa. (He is at home.)

11. Ser: A festa é amanhã. (The party is tomorrow.)

12. Estar: A festa está em andamento. (The party is ongoing.)

13. Ser: A casa é grande. (The house is big.)

14. Estar: A casa está limpa. (The house is clean.)

15. Ser: O filme é bom. (The movie is good.)

16. Estar: O filme está chato. (The movie is boring.)

17. Ser: Eles são atletas. (They are athletes.)

18. Estar: Eles estão jogando futebol. (They are playing soccer.)

19. Ser: Essa música é popular. (This song is popular.)

20. Estar: Essa música está tocando agora. (This song is playing now.)

Exercises to Practice Ser and Estar[edit | edit source]

Now that you have a good grasp of how to use ser and estar, it's time to practice! Below are exercises designed to reinforce your understanding.

1. Fill in the blanks with ser or estar:

  • Eu ___ feliz. (I am happy.)
  • Ela ___ professora. (She is a teacher.)
  • Nós ___ na escola. (We are at school.)
  • O filme ___ interessante. (The movie is interesting.)
  • Eles ___ cansados. (They are tired.)

2. Translate the sentences into Portuguese:

  • The car is new.
  • We are at the park.
  • She is my sister.
  • The soup is hot.
  • Today is Friday.

3. Choose the correct verb (ser or estar):

  • A casa ___ bonita. (The house is beautiful.)
  • Eu ___ em casa. (I am at home.)
  • O sol ___ brilhante. (The sun is bright.)
  • Eles ___ felizes. (They are happy.)
  • Ele ___ médico. (He is a doctor.)

4. Complete the sentences:

  • Eu ___ (to be) de Portugal.
  • Ela ___ (to be) triste.
  • Nós ___ (to be) amigos.
  • O livro ___ (to be) na mesa.
  • A água ___ (to be) fria.

5. Rewrite the sentences using the correct form:

  • Eu (ser) feliz.
  • Ele (estar) em casa.
  • Nós (ser) estudantes.
  • Você (estar) ocupado.
  • Eles (ser) meus amigos.

6. Match the sentences with the correct verb:

  • A festa ___ (is) na casa de Maria.
  • O carro ___ (is) de João.
  • Eu ___ (am) cansado hoje.
  • Ela ___ (is) bonita.
  • O gato ___ (is) na sala.

7. Create sentences using both verbs:

  • Write a sentence using ser to describe a friend.
  • Write a sentence using estar to describe how you feel today.
  • Describe the weather today using both verbs.
  • Talk about your profession using ser.
  • Describe where you are right now using estar.

8. Identify the errors:

  • Rewrite the sentences correcting the mistakes:
  • Eu sou feliz hoje.
  • Ela está engenheira.
  • Nós somos na escola.
  • O livro é na mesa.
  • Eles são cansados.

9. Translate the following sentences into English:

  • O cachorro está no parque.
  • Hoje é um dia bonito.
  • Nós estamos felizes juntos.
  • O professor é muito bom.
  • Eles estão estudando para a prova.

10. Conjugate the verbs in the present tense:

  • Complete the following:
  • Eu ___ (ser) alto.
  • Ela ___ (estar) triste.
  • Nós ___ (ser) amigos.
  • Você ___ (estar) na escola.
  • Eles ___ (ser) estudantes.

Solutions and Explanations for Exercises[edit | edit source]

1. Fill in the blanks:

  • Eu estou feliz.
  • Ela é professora.
  • Nós estamos na escola.
  • O filme é interessante.
  • Eles estão cansados.

2. Translations:

  • O carro é novo.
  • Nós estamos no parque.
  • Ela é minha irmã.
  • A sopa está quente.
  • Hoje é sexta-feira.

3. Correct verb choice:

  • A casa é bonita.
  • Eu estou em casa.
  • O sol é brilhante.
  • Eles estão felizes.
  • Ele é médico.

4. Completed sentences:

  • Eu sou de Portugal.
  • Ela está triste.
  • Nós somos amigos.
  • O livro está na mesa.
  • A água está fria.

5. Rewritten sentences:

  • Eu sou feliz.
  • Ele está em casa.
  • Nós somos estudantes.
  • Você está ocupado.
  • Eles são meus amigos.

6. Matched sentences:

  • A festa está na casa de Maria.
  • O carro é de João.
  • Eu estou cansado hoje.
  • Ela é bonita.
  • O gato está na sala.

7. Examples of sentences:

  • My friend é muito inteligente. (My friend is very smart.)
  • Hoje eu estou cansado. (Today I am tired.)
  • Hoje é um dia bonito, mas está frio. (Today is a beautiful day, but it is cold.)
  • Eu sou professor. (I am a teacher.)
  • Eu estou em casa agora. (I am at home now.)

8. Errors corrected:

  • Eu estou feliz hoje.
  • Ela é engenheira.
  • Nós estamos na escola.
  • O livro está na mesa.
  • Eles estão cansados.

9. English Translations:

  • The dog is in the park.
  • Today is a beautiful day.
  • We are happy together.
  • The teacher is very good.
  • They are studying for the exam.

10. Conjugated verbs:

  • Eu sou alto.
  • Ela está triste.
  • Nós somos amigos.
  • Você está na escola.
  • Eles são estudantes.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You’ve now learned the essential differences between ser and estar. Remember, ser is used for permanent traits, while estar is for temporary states. Keep practicing, and soon you’ll feel more confident using these important verbs in your conversations.

As you continue through the course, integrating ser and estar into your vocabulary will support your growth as a Portuguese speaker. Happy learning!

Table of Contents - Portuguese Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Unit 1: Greetings and Basic Phrases


Unit 2: Verbs - Present Tense


Unit 3: Family and Descriptions


Unit 4: Verbs - Future and Conditional Tenses


Unit 5: Portuguese-Speaking Countries and Cultures


Unit 6: Food and Drink


Unit 7: Verbs - Past Tense


Unit 8: Travel and Transportation


Unit 9: Indefinite Pronouns and Prepositions


Unit 10: Health and Emergencies

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Irregular Verbs — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Family Members ▶️

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