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|[[Language/French/Grammar/Interrogation|◀️ Interrogation — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/French/Vocabulary/Time-and-Dates|Next Lesson — Time and Dates ▶️]]
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{{French-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/French|French]]  → [[Language/French/Vocabulary|Vocabulary]] → [[Language/French/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Numbers and Time → Cardinal and Ordinal Numbers</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">French Vocabulary → Numbers and Time → Cardinal and Ordinal Numbers</div>
In the previous lesson, we learned about the French alphabet, pronunciation, greetings, and basic introductions. Now, it's time to delve into the world of numbers and time in French. In this lesson, we will focus on cardinal and ordinal numbers, which are essential for everyday conversations and understanding French culture. So, let's get started!


__TOC__
__TOC__


<h2>Introduction</h2>
== Cardinal Numbers ==
<p>In this lesson, you will learn how to express and use French cardinal and ordinal numbers. Numbers are an essential part of daily life, and learning them will help you tell time, make appointments, go shopping, order food, and more.</p>
Cardinal numbers are used to express quantity or to count objects. They are the numbers that we use in our everyday lives, such as "one," "two," "three," and so on. In French, cardinal numbers are relatively straightforward to learn and use. Here are some examples of cardinal numbers in French:
 
* 1 - un (uh)
* 2 - deux (duh)
* 3 - trois (twah)
* 4 - quatre (katr)
* 5 - cinq (sank)
* 6 - six (sees)
* 7 - sept (set)
* 8 - huit (weet)
* 9 - neuf (nuhf)
* 10 - dix (dees)
 
You may have noticed that the pronunciation of some French numbers is different from their English counterparts. It's important to practice the correct pronunciation to be easily understood by native French speakers.
 
French cardinal numbers follow a consistent pattern, making it easier to count higher numbers. For numbers from 11 to 16, you simply combine the number ten (dix) with the corresponding units. For example:
 
* 11 - onze (onz)
* 12 - douze (dooz)
* 13 - treize (trehz)
* 14 - quatorze (kah-tohrz)
* 15 - quinze (kans)
* 16 - seize (sayz)
 
From 17 to 19, the pattern changes slightly. The units are placed after the number ten, separated by a hyphen. For example:


<h2>Cardinal Numbers</h2>
* 17 - dix-sept (dees-set)
<p>Cardinal numbers refer to the quantity of items or people. In French, the cardinal numbers from 0 to 20 are unique words, and numbers beyond this range are formed by combining words. Here are the words for the first 20 cardinal numbers:</p>
* 18 - dix-huit (dees-weet)
<table class="wikitable">
* 19 - dix-neuf (dees-nuhf)
<tr>
<th>French</th>
<th>Pronunciation (IPA)</th>
<th>English Translation</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>zéro</td>
<td>[zeʁo]</td>
<td>zero</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>un</td>
<td>[œ̃]</td>
<td>one</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>deux</td>
<td>[dø]</td>
<td>two</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>trois</td>
<td>[tʁwɑ]</td>
<td>three</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>quatre</td>
<td>[katʁ]</td>
<td>four</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>cinq</td>
<td>[sɛ̃k]</td>
<td>five</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>six</td>
<td>[sis]</td>
<td>six</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>sept</td>
<td>[sɛt]</td>
<td>seven</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>huit</td>
<td>[ɥit]</td>
<td>eight</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>neuf</td>
<td>[nœf]</td>
<td>nine</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>dix</td>
<td>[dis]</td>
<td>ten</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>onze</td>
<td>[ɔ̃z]</td>
<td>eleven</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>douze</td>
<td>[duz]</td>
<td>twelve</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>treize</td>
<td>[tʁɛz]</td>
<td>thirteen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>quatorze</td>
<td>[katɔʁz]</td>
<td>fourteen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>quinze</td>
<td>[kɛ̃z]</td>
<td>fifteen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>seize</td>
<td>[sɛz]</td>
<td>sixteen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>dix-sept</td>
<td>[di sɛt]</td>
<td>seventeen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>dix-huit</td>
<td>[di ɥit]</td>
<td>eighteen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>dix-neuf</td>
<td>[di nœf]</td>
<td>nineteen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>vingt</td>
<td>[vɛ̃]</td>
<td>twenty</td>
</tr>
</table>


<p>Note that the words for numbers 1 to 16 have a unique pronunciation, but numbers beyond 16 are formed by combining a tens digit and a units digit. For example, the number 23 is "vingt-trois" (twenty three) and the number 85 is "quatre-vingt-cinq" (four twenties and five).</p>
Once you reach 20, the pattern becomes more consistent again. The tens are expressed with the word "vingt" (vant), followed by the units. For example:


<p>Here are some examples of how to use cardinal numbers in practice:</p>
* 20 - vingt (vant)
<ul>
* 21 - vingt et un (vant ay uh)
<li>Il y a cinq pommes sur la table. (There are five apples on the table.)</li>
* 22 - vingt-deux (vant duh)
<li>Je vais te donner deux cents euros. (I'm going to give you two hundred euros.)</li>
* 30 - trente (trahnt)
<li>Le magasin ferme à dix-huit heures. (The store closes at six p.m.)</li>
* 40 - quarante (kah-rahnt)
</ul>
* 50 - cinquante (sank-ahnt)
* 60 - soixante (swah-sahnt)
* 70 - soixante-dix (swah-sahnt-dees)
* 80 - quatre-vingts (katr-uh-vahnt)
* 90 - quatre-vingt-dix (katr-uh-vahnt-dees)
* 100 - cent (sahn)


<h2>Ordinal Numbers</h2>
As you can see, the French numbers have some unique patterns and variations, especially with the numbers from 70 to 99. It's essential to practice these numbers to become comfortable using them in conversations.
<p>Ordinal numbers indicate the position of an item in a series or a sequence. In French, ordinal numbers are formed by adding the suffix "-ième" to the cardinal number. For example, "deux" (two) becomes "deuxième" (second) and "cinq" (five) becomes "cinquième" (fifth). Here are some examples:</p>
<table class="wikitable">
<tr>
<th>Cardinal French</th>
<th>Pronunciation (IPA)</th>
<th>Ordinal French</th>
<th>Pronunciation (IPA)</th>
<th>English Translation</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>un</td>
<td>[œ̃]</td>
<td>premier / première</td>
<td>[pʁə.mje] / [pʁə.mjɛʁ]</td>
<td>first</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>deux</td>
<td>[dø]</td>
<td>deuxième</td>
<td>[dø.zjɛm]</td>
<td>second</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>trois</td>
<td>[tʁwɑ]</td>
<td>troisième</td>
<td>[tʁwa.zjɛm]</td>
<td>third</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>quatre</td>
<td>[katʁ]</td>
<td>quatrième</td>
<td>[kat.ʁi.jɛm]</td>
<td>fourth</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>cinq</td>
<td>[sɛ̃k]</td>
<td>cinquième</td>
<td>[sɛ̃.kjɛm]</td>
<td>fifth</td>
</tr>
</table>


<p>Here are some examples of how to use ordinal numbers in practice:</p>
To express higher numbers, you continue the pattern of combining the tens and units. For example:
<ul>
<li>Je suis arrivé(e) deuxième à la course. (I came in second in the race.)</li>
<li>C'est la vingt-et-unième fois que je te le dis. (It's the twenty-first time I'm telling you.)</li>
<li>Le cinquième jour du mois. (The fifth day of the month.)</li>
</ul>


<h2>Time</h2>
* 101 - cent un (sahn uh)
<p>In addition to cardinal and ordinal numbers, learning how to tell time is an essential part of daily life. Here are some important words and phrases related to time:</p>
* 200 - deux cents (duh sahn)
<ul>
* 300 - trois cents (twah sahn)
<li>l'heure (f) - the hour</li>
* 1000 - mille (meel)
<li>la minute - the minute</li>
* 2000 - deux mille (duh meel)
<li>la seconde - the second</li>
* 1,000,000 - un million (uh mee-lyohn)
<li>quel heure est-il ? - what time is it?</li>
<li>il est 6 heures - it's 6 o'clock</li>
<li>il est midi - it's noon</li>
<li>il est minuit - it's midnight</li>
<li>à quelle heure ? - at what time?</li>
<li>à 7 heures - at 7 o'clock</li>
<li>en retard - late</li>
<li>à l'heure - on time</li>
</ul>


<p>Here are some examples of how to tell time:</p>
When counting objects in French, you need to use the appropriate form of the cardinal number. For example:
<ul>
<li>Il est 9 heures et quart. (It's 9:15.)</li>
<li>Il est midi et demi. (It's 12:30.)</li>
<li>Il est 5 heures moins le quart. (It's 4:45.)</li>
</ul>


<h2>Sources</h2>
* un livre (one book)
<ul>
* deux livres (two books)
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_numerals">French numerals - Wikipedia</a></li>
* trois livres (three books)
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language_vocabulary">French language vocabulary - Wikipedia</a></li>
 
</ul>
Remember that cardinal numbers agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. We will cover this topic in more detail in later lessons.
 
== Ordinal Numbers ==
Ordinal numbers are used to indicate the order or rank of something. In English, we use words like "first," "second," "third," and so on. Similarly, French has its own set of ordinal numbers. Let's take a look at some examples:
 
* 1st - premier (prem-yay)
* 2nd - deuxième (duh-zee-em)
* 3rd - troisième (trwah-zee-em)
* 4th - quatrième (ka-tree-em)
* 5th - cinquième (sank-yem)
* 6th - sixième (sees-yem)
* 7th - septième (set-yem)
* 8th - huitième (weet-yem)
* 9th - neuvième (nuh-vee-em)
* 10th - dixième (dee-zee-em)
 
Just like cardinal numbers, ordinal numbers also agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. For example:
 
* la première fois (the first time)
* le deuxième jour (the second day)
* les troisièmes places (the third places)
 
It's important to note that ordinal numbers from one to nine have a different form when used as adjectives before a noun. Here is the list of these forms:
 
* 1st - premier (prem-yay)
* 2nd - deuxième (duh-zee-em)
* 3rd - troisième (trwah-zee-em)
* 4th - quatrième (ka-tree-em)
* 5th - cinquième (sank-yem)
* 6th - sixième (sees-yem)
* 7th - septième (set-yem)
* 8th - huitième (weet-yem)
* 9th - neuvième (nuh-vee-em)
 
Once you reach the number ten and beyond, the ordinal numbers are formed by adding the suffix "-ième" to the cardinal number. For example:
 
* 10th - dixième (dee-zee-em)
* 11th - onzième (onz-yem)
* 12th - douzième (dooz-yem)
* 20th - vingtième (vant-yem)
* 21st - vingt et unième (vant ay uh-nee-em)
* 30th - trentième (trahnt-yem)
 
It's also worth mentioning that ordinal numbers are often used in dates, such as "le premier mai" (the first of May) or "le vingt et un août" (the twenty-first of August). We will explore dates further in the next lesson.
 
== Conclusion ==
Congratulations! You have learned how to express and use cardinal and ordinal numbers in French. These numbers are vital for everyday conversations, telling time, and talking about dates. Practice pronouncing them correctly and using them in context to become more fluent in French.
 
In the next lesson, we will dive into the world of time and dates in French. You will learn how to tell time, talk about daily routines, and discuss specific dates. Get ready to expand your vocabulary and enhance your understanding of French culture!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=French Vocabulary → Numbers and Time → Cardinal and Ordinal Numbers
|title=French Vocabulary → Numbers and Time → Cardinal and Ordinal Numbers
|keywords=French vocabulary, cardinal numbers, ordinal numbers, time in French
|keywords=French numbers, French cardinal numbers, French ordinal numbers, French counting, French culture, French language learning
|description=Learn how to express and use French cardinal and ordinal numbers, as well as important French vocabulary related to telling time. This lesson is part of a complete French course for beginners.
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to express and use French cardinal and ordinal numbers. Master the art of counting in French and understand how to use numbers in everyday conversations. Get ready to embark on a journey into the world of French numbers and enhance your language skills!
}}
}}


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[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:French-0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:French-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
==Sources==
* [https://www.lawlessfrench.com/vocabulary/ordinal-numbers/ French Ordinal Numbers - Lawless French Vocabulary]
* [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:French_numbers Appendix:French numbers - Wiktionary]
* [https://francais.lingolia.com/en/vocabulary/numbers-dates-time/ordinal-numbers Ordinal Numbers in French]
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]]
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/Count-from-1-to-10|Count from 1 to 10]]
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/Family|Family]]
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/Beverages-and-Drinking-Habits|Beverages and Drinking Habits]]
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/Nationalities|Nationalities]]
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/Bird|Bird]]
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/To-Know|To Know]]
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/Express-Surprise|Express Surprise]]
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/20-Vingts-or-Vingt|20 Vingts or Vingt]]
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/Be-Polite|Be Polite]]


{{French-Page-Bottom}}
{{French-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/French/Grammar/Interrogation|◀️ Interrogation — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/French/Vocabulary/Time-and-Dates|Next Lesson — Time and Dates ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 22:38, 14 June 2023

◀️ Interrogation — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Time and Dates ▶️

French-Language-PolyglotClub.png
French → Vocabulary → 0 to A1 Course → Numbers and Time → Cardinal and Ordinal Numbers

In the previous lesson, we learned about the French alphabet, pronunciation, greetings, and basic introductions. Now, it's time to delve into the world of numbers and time in French. In this lesson, we will focus on cardinal and ordinal numbers, which are essential for everyday conversations and understanding French culture. So, let's get started!

Cardinal Numbers[edit | edit source]

Cardinal numbers are used to express quantity or to count objects. They are the numbers that we use in our everyday lives, such as "one," "two," "three," and so on. In French, cardinal numbers are relatively straightforward to learn and use. Here are some examples of cardinal numbers in French:

  • 1 - un (uh)
  • 2 - deux (duh)
  • 3 - trois (twah)
  • 4 - quatre (katr)
  • 5 - cinq (sank)
  • 6 - six (sees)
  • 7 - sept (set)
  • 8 - huit (weet)
  • 9 - neuf (nuhf)
  • 10 - dix (dees)

You may have noticed that the pronunciation of some French numbers is different from their English counterparts. It's important to practice the correct pronunciation to be easily understood by native French speakers.

French cardinal numbers follow a consistent pattern, making it easier to count higher numbers. For numbers from 11 to 16, you simply combine the number ten (dix) with the corresponding units. For example:

  • 11 - onze (onz)
  • 12 - douze (dooz)
  • 13 - treize (trehz)
  • 14 - quatorze (kah-tohrz)
  • 15 - quinze (kans)
  • 16 - seize (sayz)

From 17 to 19, the pattern changes slightly. The units are placed after the number ten, separated by a hyphen. For example:

  • 17 - dix-sept (dees-set)
  • 18 - dix-huit (dees-weet)
  • 19 - dix-neuf (dees-nuhf)

Once you reach 20, the pattern becomes more consistent again. The tens are expressed with the word "vingt" (vant), followed by the units. For example:

  • 20 - vingt (vant)
  • 21 - vingt et un (vant ay uh)
  • 22 - vingt-deux (vant duh)
  • 30 - trente (trahnt)
  • 40 - quarante (kah-rahnt)
  • 50 - cinquante (sank-ahnt)
  • 60 - soixante (swah-sahnt)
  • 70 - soixante-dix (swah-sahnt-dees)
  • 80 - quatre-vingts (katr-uh-vahnt)
  • 90 - quatre-vingt-dix (katr-uh-vahnt-dees)
  • 100 - cent (sahn)

As you can see, the French numbers have some unique patterns and variations, especially with the numbers from 70 to 99. It's essential to practice these numbers to become comfortable using them in conversations.

To express higher numbers, you continue the pattern of combining the tens and units. For example:

  • 101 - cent un (sahn uh)
  • 200 - deux cents (duh sahn)
  • 300 - trois cents (twah sahn)
  • 1000 - mille (meel)
  • 2000 - deux mille (duh meel)
  • 1,000,000 - un million (uh mee-lyohn)

When counting objects in French, you need to use the appropriate form of the cardinal number. For example:

  • un livre (one book)
  • deux livres (two books)
  • trois livres (three books)

Remember that cardinal numbers agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. We will cover this topic in more detail in later lessons.

Ordinal Numbers[edit | edit source]

Ordinal numbers are used to indicate the order or rank of something. In English, we use words like "first," "second," "third," and so on. Similarly, French has its own set of ordinal numbers. Let's take a look at some examples:

  • 1st - premier (prem-yay)
  • 2nd - deuxième (duh-zee-em)
  • 3rd - troisième (trwah-zee-em)
  • 4th - quatrième (ka-tree-em)
  • 5th - cinquième (sank-yem)
  • 6th - sixième (sees-yem)
  • 7th - septième (set-yem)
  • 8th - huitième (weet-yem)
  • 9th - neuvième (nuh-vee-em)
  • 10th - dixième (dee-zee-em)

Just like cardinal numbers, ordinal numbers also agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. For example:

  • la première fois (the first time)
  • le deuxième jour (the second day)
  • les troisièmes places (the third places)

It's important to note that ordinal numbers from one to nine have a different form when used as adjectives before a noun. Here is the list of these forms:

  • 1st - premier (prem-yay)
  • 2nd - deuxième (duh-zee-em)
  • 3rd - troisième (trwah-zee-em)
  • 4th - quatrième (ka-tree-em)
  • 5th - cinquième (sank-yem)
  • 6th - sixième (sees-yem)
  • 7th - septième (set-yem)
  • 8th - huitième (weet-yem)
  • 9th - neuvième (nuh-vee-em)

Once you reach the number ten and beyond, the ordinal numbers are formed by adding the suffix "-ième" to the cardinal number. For example:

  • 10th - dixième (dee-zee-em)
  • 11th - onzième (onz-yem)
  • 12th - douzième (dooz-yem)
  • 20th - vingtième (vant-yem)
  • 21st - vingt et unième (vant ay uh-nee-em)
  • 30th - trentième (trahnt-yem)

It's also worth mentioning that ordinal numbers are often used in dates, such as "le premier mai" (the first of May) or "le vingt et un août" (the twenty-first of August). We will explore dates further in the next lesson.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You have learned how to express and use cardinal and ordinal numbers in French. These numbers are vital for everyday conversations, telling time, and talking about dates. Practice pronouncing them correctly and using them in context to become more fluent in French.

In the next lesson, we will dive into the world of time and dates in French. You will learn how to tell time, talk about daily routines, and discuss specific dates. Get ready to expand your vocabulary and enhance your understanding of French culture!

Table of Contents - French Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Alphabet and Pronunciation


Nouns and Articles


Verbs and Tenses


Adjectives and Adverbs


Negation and Interrogation


Numbers and Time


Family and Relationships


Food and Drink


Hobbies and Interests


Geography and Travel


French Culture and Arts


French History and Society


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Interrogation — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Time and Dates ▶️

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