Difference between revisions of "Language/Standard-latvian/Vocabulary/Numbers-and-time"
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As a Standard Latvian language teacher, I am excited to guide you through this lesson on numbers and time! This is an essential topic for daily life and communication in any language, and Latvian is no exception. In this lesson, we will learn how to use cardinal and ordinal numbers, as well as how to tell time in Latvian. | As a Standard Latvian language teacher, I am excited to guide you through this lesson on numbers and time! This is an essential topic for daily life and communication in any language, and Latvian is no exception. In this lesson, we will learn how to use cardinal and ordinal numbers, as well as how to tell time in Latvian. | ||
<span link>Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Standard-latvian/Vocabulary/Greetings-and-introductions|Greetings and introductions]] & [[Language/Standard-latvian/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]].</span> | |||
== Cardinal numbers == | == Cardinal numbers == | ||
Cardinal numbers are used to express quantity or counting, such as how many apples you have or how long you have known someone. Here are the numbers from 0 to 10: | Cardinal numbers are used to express quantity or counting, such as how many apples you have or how long you have known someone. Here are the numbers from 0 to 10: | ||
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[[Category:Standard-latvian-0-to-A1-Course]] | [[Category:Standard-latvian-0-to-A1-Course]] | ||
==Other Lessons== | |||
== | |||
* [[Language/Standard-latvian/Vocabulary/Means-of-transport-and-directions|Means of transport and directions]] | * [[Language/Standard-latvian/Vocabulary/Means-of-transport-and-directions|Means of transport and directions]] | ||
* [[Language/Standard-latvian/Vocabulary/Health|Health]] | * [[Language/Standard-latvian/Vocabulary/Health|Health]] | ||
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{{Standard-latvian-Page-Bottom}} | {{Standard-latvian-Page-Bottom}} | ||
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Revision as of 23:10, 27 March 2023
As a Standard Latvian language teacher, I am excited to guide you through this lesson on numbers and time! This is an essential topic for daily life and communication in any language, and Latvian is no exception. In this lesson, we will learn how to use cardinal and ordinal numbers, as well as how to tell time in Latvian.
Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: Greetings and introductions & How to Say Hello and Greetings.
Cardinal numbers
Cardinal numbers are used to express quantity or counting, such as how many apples you have or how long you have known someone. Here are the numbers from 0 to 10:
| Standard Latvian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| nulle | /nuɫlɛ/ | zero |
| viens | /viɛns/ | one |
| divi | /di.vi/ | two |
| trīs | /triːs/ | three |
| četri | /ʧɛtri/ | four |
| pieci | /piɛtsi/ | five |
| seši | /sɛʃi/ | six |
| septiņi | /sɛp.ti.ɲi/ | seven |
| astoņi | /as.toɲi/ | eight |
| deviņi | /dɛ.vi.ɲi/ | nine |
| desmit | /dɛs.mit/ | ten |
Here are a few tips to help you use cardinal numbers correctly in Latvian:
- The numbers 1-3 have different endings when used with feminine nouns. For example, "viens zēns" means "one boy", but "viena meitene" means "one girl".
- To express larger numbers, you can use the thousands separator " " (a non-breaking space). For example, 2020 would be written as "2 020".
Let's practice using cardinal numbers in context:
- Es esmu pircis divas rozes - I have bought two roses.
- Tev ir septiņi suņi? - Do you have seven dogs?
- Viņa dzīvo mazā mājā ar pieciem istabām - She lives in a small house with five rooms.
Ordinal numbers
Ordinal numbers are used to express order or sequence, such as first, second, third, etc. In Latvian, ordinal numbers are formed by adding the suffix "-tais" or "-ta" to the cardinal number. Here are the ordinal numbers from 1st to 10th:
| Standard Latvian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| pirmais | /pir.majs/ | first |
| otrais | /o.trajs/ | second |
| trešais | /trɛ.ʃajs/ | third |
| ceturtais | /ʦɛ.tur.tajs/ | fourth |
| piektais | /piɛk.tajs/ | fifth |
| sestais | /sɛs.tajs/ | sixth |
| septītais | /sɛp.tiː.tajs/ | seventh |
| astotais | /as.to.tajs/ | eighth |
| devītais | /dɛ.viː.tajs/ | ninth |
| desmitais | /dɛsmi.tajs/ | tenth |
Here are a few tips to help you use ordinal numbers correctly in Latvian:
- Ordinal numbers agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. For example, "pirmais vilciens" means "the first train" (masculine), but "pirma māja" means "the first house" (feminine).
- The ordinal suffix "-tais" is used with masculine and neuter nouns, while "-ta" is used with feminine nouns.
Let's practice using ordinal numbers in context:
- Mana dzimšanas diena ir pirmais septembrī - My birthday is on the first of September.
- Trešajā stundā mēs iet uz kino - We are going to the cinema in the third hour.
- Viņš ir otrās klases skolēns - He is a student in the second grade.
Telling time
Telling time is an important skill for daily communication and organization. In Latvian, we use the 24-hour clock, starting at midnight (00:00) and ending at midnight the next day (24:00). Here's how to express time in Latvian:
- To indicate the hour, use the cardinal number followed by "stunda" (hour). For example, 3:00 would be "trīs stundas".
- To indicate the minute, use the cardinal number followed by "minūte" (minute). For example, 3:15 would be "trīs stundas piecpadsmit minūtes".
- To indicate the exact time, join the hour and minute using "un" (and). For example, 3:15 would be "trīs stundas un piecpadsmit minūtes".
Here are some examples:
- 8:00 - astoņas stundas
- 14:30 - četrpadsmit stundas trīsdesmit minūtes
- 21:45 - divdesmit viena stunda četrdesmit piecas minūtes
Let's practice telling time in Latvian:
- Kāds ir laiks? - What is the time?
- Iesākam tikšanos septiņos vakarā - Let's start the meeting at 7 pm.
- Viņi ieradīsies plkst. 8 un piecdesmit - They will arrive at 8:50.
Congratulations! You have now mastered the use of cardinal and ordinal numbers, as well as telling time in Latvian. Keep practicing and you'll soon be able to communicate easily about time and numbers in daily life.
Other Lessons
- Means of transport and directions
- Health
- Free time activities and sports
- Family and relationships
- Jobs and professions
- School subjects and degrees
- Days of the Week
- Drinks
- Food