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<div style="font-size:300%"> Cases of Verbal Persons in Transitive Verbs in Georgian</div>
<div class="pg_page_title"> Cases of Verbal Persons in Transitive Verbs in Georgian</div>
__TOC__
== Two-personal transitives ==


{| class="wikitable"
|'''Present Tense''' 
|(I  Series) 
|ქალი სურათს ხატავს 
|-
|
|
|Subject: nominative 
|-
|
|
|Direct object: dative 
|-
|'''Past/Aorist  Tense''' 
|(II Series) 
|ქალმა სურათი დახატა 
|-
|
|
|Subject: ergative 
|-
|
|
|Direct object: nominative 
|-
|'''Past  Unreal Tense''' 
|(III Series) 
|ქალს სურათი დაუხატავს 
|-
|
|
|Subject: dative 
|-
|
|
|Direct  object: nominative
|}


Cases of verbal persons in transitive verbs:
== Three-personal transitives ==
 
 
a) Two-personal transitives:
 
 
Present Tense (I Series) ქალი სურათს ხატავს
Subject: nominative
Direct object: dative
Past/Aorist Tense (II Series) ქალმა სურათი დახატა
Subject: ergative
Direct object: nominative
Past Unreal Tense (III Series) ქალს სურათი დაუხატავს
Subject: dative
Direct object: nominative
 
 
b) Three-personal transitives:
 
Present Tense (I Series) ქალი დედას სურათს უხატავს
Subject: nominative
Direct object: dative Indirect object: dative Past/Aorist Tense (II Series) ქალმა დედას სურათი დაუხატა
Subject: ergative
Direct object: nominative Indirect object: dative
Past Unreal Tense (III Series) ქალს დედისთვის სურათი დაუხატავს
Subject: dative
Direct object: nominative


{| class="wikitable"
|'''Present Tense''' 
|(I  Series) 
|ქალი დედას სურათს უხატავს 
|-
|
|
|Subject: nominative 
|-
|
|
|Direct object: dative
|-
|
|
|Indirect  object: dative
|-
|'''Past/Aorist Tense''' 
|(II Series) 
|ქალმა დედას სურათი დაუხატა 
|-
|
|
|Subject: ergative 
|-
|
|
|Direct object: nominative
|-
|
|
|Indirect object:  dative 
|-
|'''Past  Unreal Tense''' 
|(III Series) 
|ქალს დედისთვის სურათი დაუხატავს 
|-
|
|
|Subject: dative 
|-
|
|
|Direct object: nominative 
|}


The indirect object is outside of verbal morphology and is indicated by the postposition “-თვის” (“for”). Therefore in this tense the verb becomes two-personal.
The indirect object is outside of verbal morphology and is indicated by the postposition “-თვის” (“for”). Therefore in this tense the verb becomes two-personal.


==Sources==
==Sources==
http://eprints.iliauni.edu.ge/3071/1/Basic-Georgian%202%20bolo%20versia.pdf
http://eprints.iliauni.edu.ge/3071/1/Basic-Georgian%202%20bolo%20versia.pdf
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Nouns-with-“many”,-“much”-and-“a-few”|Nouns with “many”, “much” and “a few”]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Articles|Articles]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/“to-love”-სიყვარული-and-‘”to-like”-მოწონება-present-tense|“to love” სიყვარული and ‘”to like” მოწონება present tense]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Third-person-pronouns|Third person pronouns]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Toasting|Toasting]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Word-Order|Word Order]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Conjugation-of-the-verb-“to-know”-ცოდნა|Conjugation of the verb “to know” ცოდნა]]
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Possessive-pronouns|Possessive pronouns]]
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 13:14, 27 March 2023

Georgian-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Cases of Verbal Persons in Transitive Verbs in Georgian

Two-personal transitives[edit | edit source]

Present Tense  (I Series)  ქალი სურათს ხატავს 
Subject: nominative 
Direct object: dative 
Past/Aorist Tense  (II Series)  ქალმა სურათი დახატა 
Subject: ergative 
Direct object: nominative 
Past Unreal Tense  (III Series)  ქალს სურათი დაუხატავს 
Subject: dative 
Direct object: nominative

Three-personal transitives[edit | edit source]

Present Tense  (I Series)  ქალი დედას სურათს უხატავს 
Subject: nominative 
Direct object: dative
Indirect object: dative
Past/Aorist Tense  (II Series)  ქალმა დედას სურათი დაუხატა 
Subject: ergative 
Direct object: nominative
Indirect object: dative 
Past Unreal Tense  (III Series)  ქალს დედისთვის სურათი დაუხატავს 
Subject: dative 
Direct object: nominative 

The indirect object is outside of verbal morphology and is indicated by the postposition “-თვის” (“for”). Therefore in this tense the verb becomes two-personal.

Sources[edit | edit source]

http://eprints.iliauni.edu.ge/3071/1/Basic-Georgian%202%20bolo%20versia.pdf

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

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