Difference between revisions of "Language/French/Vocabulary/Cardinal-and-Ordinal-Numbers"
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==Related Lessons== | |||
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings|How to Say Hello and Greetings]] | |||
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/Count-from-1-to-10|Count from 1 to 10]] | |||
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/Family|Family]] | |||
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/Beverages-and-Drinking-Habits|Beverages and Drinking Habits]] | |||
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/Nationalities|Nationalities]] | |||
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/Bird|Bird]] | |||
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/To-Know|To Know]] | |||
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/Express-Surprise|Express Surprise]] | |||
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/20-Vingts-or-Vingt|20 Vingts or Vingt]] | |||
* [[Language/French/Vocabulary/Be-Polite|Be Polite]] | |||
{{French-Page-Bottom}} | {{French-Page-Bottom}} |
Revision as of 00:05, 10 March 2023
Introduction
In this lesson, you will learn how to express and use French cardinal and ordinal numbers. Numbers are an essential part of daily life, and learning them will help you tell time, make appointments, go shopping, order food, and more.
Cardinal Numbers
Cardinal numbers refer to the quantity of items or people. In French, the cardinal numbers from 0 to 20 are unique words, and numbers beyond this range are formed by combining words. Here are the words for the first 20 cardinal numbers:
French | Pronunciation (IPA) | English Translation |
---|---|---|
zéro | [zeʁo] | zero |
un | [œ̃] | one |
deux | [dø] | two |
trois | [tʁwɑ] | three |
quatre | [katʁ] | four |
cinq | [sɛ̃k] | five |
six | [sis] | six |
sept | [sɛt] | seven |
huit | [ɥit] | eight |
neuf | [nœf] | nine |
dix | [dis] | ten |
onze | [ɔ̃z] | eleven |
douze | [duz] | twelve |
treize | [tʁɛz] | thirteen |
quatorze | [katɔʁz] | fourteen |
quinze | [kɛ̃z] | fifteen |
seize | [sɛz] | sixteen |
dix-sept | [di sɛt] | seventeen |
dix-huit | [di ɥit] | eighteen |
dix-neuf | [di nœf] | nineteen |
vingt | [vɛ̃] | twenty |
Note that the words for numbers 1 to 16 have a unique pronunciation, but numbers beyond 16 are formed by combining a tens digit and a units digit. For example, the number 23 is "vingt-trois" (twenty three) and the number 85 is "quatre-vingt-cinq" (four twenties and five).
Here are some examples of how to use cardinal numbers in practice:
- Il y a cinq pommes sur la table. (There are five apples on the table.)
- Je vais te donner deux cents euros. (I'm going to give you two hundred euros.)
- Le magasin ferme à dix-huit heures. (The store closes at six p.m.)
Ordinal Numbers
Ordinal numbers indicate the position of an item in a series or a sequence. In French, ordinal numbers are formed by adding the suffix "-ième" to the cardinal number. For example, "deux" (two) becomes "deuxième" (second) and "cinq" (five) becomes "cinquième" (fifth). Here are some examples:
Cardinal French | Pronunciation (IPA) | Ordinal French | Pronunciation (IPA) | English Translation |
---|---|---|---|---|
un | [œ̃] | premier / première | [pʁə.mje] / [pʁə.mjɛʁ] | first |
deux | [dø] | deuxième | [dø.zjɛm] | second |
trois | [tʁwɑ] | troisième | [tʁwa.zjɛm] | third |
quatre | [katʁ] | quatrième | [kat.ʁi.jɛm] | fourth |
cinq | [sɛ̃k] | cinquième | [sɛ̃.kjɛm] | fifth |
Here are some examples of how to use ordinal numbers in practice:
- Je suis arrivé(e) deuxième à la course. (I came in second in the race.)
- C'est la vingt-et-unième fois que je te le dis. (It's the twenty-first time I'm telling you.)
- Le cinquième jour du mois. (The fifth day of the month.)
Time
In addition to cardinal and ordinal numbers, learning how to tell time is an essential part of daily life. Here are some important words and phrases related to time:
- l'heure (f) - the hour
- la minute - the minute
- la seconde - the second
- quel heure est-il ? - what time is it?
- il est 6 heures - it's 6 o'clock
- il est midi - it's noon
- il est minuit - it's midnight
- à quelle heure ? - at what time?
- à 7 heures - at 7 o'clock
- en retard - late
- à l'heure - on time
Here are some examples of how to tell time:
- Il est 9 heures et quart. (It's 9:15.)
- Il est midi et demi. (It's 12:30.)
- Il est 5 heures moins le quart. (It's 4:45.)
Sources
- <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_numerals">French numerals - Wikipedia</a>
- <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language_vocabulary">French language vocabulary - Wikipedia</a>
Related Lessons
- How to Say Hello and Greetings
- Count from 1 to 10
- Family
- Beverages and Drinking Habits
- Nationalities
- Bird
- To Know
- Express Surprise
- 20 Vingts or Vingt
- Be Polite