Language/Swedish/Grammar/Past-tense/az
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Past tense[redaktə | mənbəni redaktə et]
In this lesson, you will learn about the past tense in Swedish.
The past tense is used to describe actions that have already happened.
Regular verbs[redaktə | mənbəni redaktə et]
In Swedish, regular verbs form the past tense by adding -de to the infinitive form of the verb.
For example:
| Swedish | Pronunciation | North Azerbaijani |
|---|---|---|
| att spela (to play) | /at ˈspeːla/ | oynamaq |
| spelade (played) | /speːˈlaːdə/ | oynadı |
Here are some other examples of regular verbs in the past tense:
- att dansa (to dance) - dansade (danced)
- att sjunga (to sing) - sjöng (sang)
- att köra (to drive) - körde (drove)
Irregular verbs[redaktə | mənbəni redaktə et]
Some verbs in Swedish are irregular in the past tense. That means they do not follow the regular -de rule. Instead, they have their own unique forms in the past tense.
Here are some examples of irregular verbs in the past tense:
| Swedish | Pronunciation | North Azerbaijani |
|---|---|---|
| att vara (to be) | /at ˈvaːra/ | olmaq |
| var (was) | /vaːr/ | idi |
| att ha (to have) | /at ha/ | sahib olmaq |
| hade (had) | /ˈhaːdə/ | idi |
Other examples of irregular verbs in the past tense include:
- att göra (to do) - gjorde (did)
- att se (to see) - såg (saw)
- att ta (to take) - tog (took)
Compound verbs[redaktə | mənbəni redaktə et]
Compound verbs in Swedish are made up of a verb and a particle. In the past tense, the particle goes between the verb and -de.
For example:
- att släcka (to turn off) - släckte (turned off)
- att stänga av (to turn off) - stängde av (turned off)
- att sätta på (to turn on) - satte på (turned on)
Practice[redaktə | mənbəni redaktə et]
Now that you have learned about the past tense in Swedish, here are some exercises to help you practice:
1. Conjugate the following regular verbs in the past tense:
- att måla (to paint)
- att skriva (to write)
- att läsa (to read)
2. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the irregular verb in parentheses:
- Jag ___ (vara) på fest igår. (was)
- Vi ___ (göra) läxorna efter skolan. (did)
- Hon ___ (se) en bra film på bio. (saw)
3. Create sentences using the following compound verbs in the past tense:
- att tända (to turn on)
- att stänga (to close)
- att öppna (to open)
Conclusion[redaktə | mənbəni redaktə et]
Congratulations! You have now learned about the past tense in Swedish. Keep practicing and soon you will be able to describe actions that have already happened with ease!