Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/Adjectives-and-Adverbs/az
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Adjectives in Mandarin Chinese[redaktə | mənbəni redaktə et]
Adjectives in Mandarin Chinese are words that describe a noun or pronoun. Unlike English, adjectives in Mandarin Chinese do not change their form based on the gender or number of the noun they describe. They also appear before the noun they modify.
Positioning of Adjectives[redaktə | mənbəni redaktə et]
In Mandarin Chinese, adjectives usually come before the noun they describe. For example:
| Mandarin Chinese | Pronunciation | North Azerbaijani |
|---|---|---|
| 这是一个大房间。 | Zhè shì yī gè dà fángjiān. | Bu böyük bir otaqdır. |
| This is a big room. | /ʈʂə˧˥ ʂɨ˥˩ iː˥˩ kɤ˥˩ ta˧˥ faŋ˥˩ tɕiɛn˥˩/ | Bu bir otaqdır. |
In this example, the adjective 大 (dà) meaning "big" comes before the noun 房间 (fángjiān) meaning "room".
Occasionally, adjectives may appear after the noun they modify, but this is less common. For example:
| Mandarin Chinese | Pronunciation | North Azerbaijani |
|---|---|---|
| 这个问题很困难。 | Zhège wèntí hěn kùnnan. | Bu sual çətin. |
| This problem is difficult. | /ʈʂə˧˥ kɤ˥˩ wən˥˩tʰi˥˩ xən˧˥ kʰuːn˥˩nan˥˩/ | Bu sual çətindir. |
In this example, the adjective 困难 (kùnnan) meaning "difficult" comes after the noun 问题 (wèntí) meaning "problem".
Comparison of Adjectives[redaktə | mənbəni redaktə et]
In Mandarin Chinese, adjectives do not change form to indicate degrees of comparison. Instead, the words for "more" and "less" are used to indicate comparative and superlative degrees.
To form the comparative degree of an adjective, use the word 比 (bǐ) meaning "more" before the adjective. For example:
| Mandarin Chinese | Pronunciation | North Azerbaijani |
|---|---|---|
| 这个苹果比那个苹果甜。 | Zhège píngguǒ bǐ nàgè píngguǒ tián. | Bu alma şirinlərdir. |
| This apple is sweeter than that apple. | /ʈʂə˧˥ kɤ˥˩ pʰiŋ˥˩kwo˥˩ piː˥˩ na˥˩kwo˥˩ tʰiɛn˥˩/ | Bu alma, o almadan daha şirindir. |
To form the superlative degree of an adjective, use the word 最 (zuì) meaning "most" before the adjective. For example:
| Mandarin Chinese | Pronunciation | North Azerbaijani |
|---|---|---|
| 这个电影最有趣。 | Zhège diànyǐng zuì yǒuqù. | Bu film ən maraqlı olanıdır. |
| This movie is the most interesting. | /ʈʂə˧˥ kɤ˥˩ tjan˥˩iŋ˥˩ tswi˧˥ joʊ̯˥˩ tɕʰy˧˥/ | Bu film, ən maraqlı olanıdır. |
Adverbs in Mandarin Chinese[redaktə | mənbəni redaktə et]
Adverbs in Mandarin Chinese are words that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Unlike adjectives, adverbs do not change their form based on the gender or number of the noun they modify.
Positioning of Adverbs[redaktə | mənbəni redaktə et]
Adverbs in Mandarin Chinese usually appear before the verb they modify. For example:
| Mandarin Chinese | Pronunciation | North Azerbaijani |
|---|---|---|
| 我很高兴。 | Wǒ hěn gāoxìng. | Mən çox şadam. |
| I am very happy. | /wɔ˧˥ xən˧˥ kaʊ̯˥˩ ɕiŋ˥˩/ | Mən çox şadam. |
In this example, the adverb 很 (hěn) meaning "very" comes before the verb 高兴 (gāoxìng) meaning "happy".
Adverbs may also appear after the verb they modify, but this is less common. For example:
| Mandarin Chinese | Pronunciation | North Azerbaijani |
|---|---|---|
| 她唱得很好。 | Tā chàng de hěn hǎo. | O, çox yaxşı oxuyur. |
| She sings very well. | /tʰa˧˥ tʂʰaŋ˥˩ tɤ˥˩ xən˧˥ haʊ̯˥˩/ | O, çox yaxşı oxuyur. |
In this example, the adverb 很 (hěn) meaning "very" comes after the verb 唱 (chàng) meaning "sing".
Comparison of Adverbs[redaktə | mənbəni redaktə et]
To form the comparative degree of an adverb, use the word 更 (gèng) meaning "more" before the adverb. For example:
| Mandarin Chinese | Pronunciation | North Azerbaijani |
|---|---|---|
| 他跑得更快。 | Tā pǎo de gèng kuài. | O daha sürətlidir. |
| He runs faster. | /tʰa˧˥ pʰaʊ̯˥˩ tɤ˥˩ kʰwai˥˩/ | O daha sürətlidir. |
To form the superlative degree of an adverb, use the word 最 (zuì) meaning "most" before the adverb. For example:
| Mandarin Chinese | Pronunciation | North Azerbaijani |
|---|---|---|
| 她唱得最好。 | Tā chàng de zuì hǎo. | O, ən yaxşı oxuyur. |
| She sings the best. | /tʰa˧˥ tʂʰaŋ˥˩ tɤ˥˩ tswi˧˥ haʊ̯˥˩/ | O, ən yaxşı oxuyur. |