Difference between revisions of "Language/Tajik/Grammar/Present-Tense"
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In this lesson, we will learn how to conjugate verbs in the present tense in Tajik. The present tense is used to talk about actions that are happening now or actions that happen regularly. You will also learn how to use these verbs to form sentences in different contexts. | |||
<span link>Once you've mastered this lesson, take a look at these related pages: [[Language/Tajik/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]] & [[Language/Tajik/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]].</span> | |||
==Conjugating Verbs in the Present Tense== | |||
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To conjugate verbs in the present tense in Tajik, you need to follow these steps: | To conjugate verbs in the present tense in Tajik, you need to follow these steps: | ||
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</table> | </table> | ||
==Using Present Tense Verbs in Sentences== | |||
Now that you know how to conjugate verbs in the present tense, let's practice using them in sentences. Here are some examples: | Now that you know how to conjugate verbs in the present tense, let's practice using them in sentences. Here are some examples: | ||
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==Irregular Verbs in the Present Tense== | |||
Like in many other languages, Tajik has some irregular verbs in the present tense. Here are some examples: | Like in many other languages, Tajik has some irregular verbs in the present tense. Here are some examples: | ||
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<li>We are going to the park.</li> | <li>We are going to the park.</li> | ||
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In this lesson, you have learned how to conjugate verbs in the present tense in Tajik and how to use them to form sentences in different contexts. Keep practicing to reinforce your understanding, and next time we will learn how to conjugate verbs in the past tense. | In this lesson, you have learned how to conjugate verbs in the present tense in Tajik and how to use them to form sentences in different contexts. Keep practicing to reinforce your understanding, and next time we will learn how to conjugate verbs in the past tense. | ||
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Revision as of 23:44, 27 March 2023
In this lesson, we will learn how to conjugate verbs in the present tense in Tajik. The present tense is used to talk about actions that are happening now or actions that happen regularly. You will also learn how to use these verbs to form sentences in different contexts.
Once you've mastered this lesson, take a look at these related pages: Adjectives & Past Tense.
Conjugating Verbs in the Present Tense
To conjugate verbs in the present tense in Tajik, you need to follow these steps:
- Take the infinitive form of the verb, which ends in "дан". For example, "гуфтан" (to say).
- Remove the "дан" ending to get the stem of the verb. For "гуфтан," the stem is "гуфт-".
- Add the appropriate present tense endings to the stem, depending on the subject of the sentence. For example, "ман гуфтам"- I say or "ук гуфташ"- you say.
Here are the present tense endings for each subject pronoun in Tajik:
| Subject Pronoun | Present Tense Ending |
|---|---|
| ман (I) | -ам |
| тӯ (you - singular/informal) | -и |
| у (he/she/it) | -ад |
| мо (we) | -ем |
| шумо (you - plural/formal) | -ед |
| анҳо (they) | -анд |
Let's see some examples of how to conjugate verbs in the present tense:
| Tajik | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Ман гуфтам. | man guftam. | I am saying. |
| У гуфтад. | u guftad. | He/she/it is saying. |
| Шумо гуфтаед. | shumo guftaed. | You (plural/formal) are saying. |
Using Present Tense Verbs in Sentences
Now that you know how to conjugate verbs in the present tense, let's practice using them in sentences. Here are some examples:
- Ман оҷизе мегӯям.
- man ojize megu'yam.
- I eat breakfast.
- У китоб медиҳад.
- u kitob medihad.
- He/she/it reads a book.
- Мо таъм мепазем.
- mo ta'm mepazem.
- We cook food.
Irregular Verbs in the Present Tense
Like in many other languages, Tajik has some irregular verbs in the present tense. Here are some examples:
- будан (to be):
- идоштан (to come):
| Tajik | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Ман ҳастам. | man hastam. | I am. |
| У будааст. | u budaa'st. | He/she/it is. |
| Мо мебошем. | mo mebo'shem. | We are. |
| Tajik | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Ман меоям. | man meoya'm. | I come. |
| У меояд. | u meoyad. | He/she/it comes. |
| Мо меояем. | mo meoya'em. | We come. |
Practice Exercises
To practice what you have learned in this lesson, try the following exercises:
Exercise 1: Conjugation
Conjugate the following verbs in the present tense:
- роҳ рафтан (to go): ман ___
- медиҳан (to give): анҳо ___
- хӯрдан (to eat): шумо ___
Exercise 2: Complete the Sentences
Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verb in parentheses:
- Ман тоҷикӣ ___ (забонидан).
- Шумо рӯзано ___ (қабул кардан).
- У қаламро ___ (нависад).
Exercise 3: Translate
Translate the following sentences from English to Tajik:
- I am reading a book.
- They are watching TV.
- We are going to the park.
In this lesson, you have learned how to conjugate verbs in the present tense in Tajik and how to use them to form sentences in different contexts. Keep practicing to reinforce your understanding, and next time we will learn how to conjugate verbs in the past tense.