Difference between revisions of "Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Most-Famous-Non–Contemporary-Artists"

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In progress.
In progress.


<span link>Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson:</span> [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Difficulties-of-languages|Difficulties of languages]], [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Numeration-Tutorial|Numeration Tutorial]], [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Data-of-Living-Conditions|Data of Living Conditions]] & [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Online-Specialized-Dictionaries|Online Specialized Dictionaries]].
== 20<sup>th</sup> Century ==
== 20<sup>th</sup> Century ==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
Line 14: Line 15:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 30: Line 29:
| Algeria, France
| Algeria, France
| French Algeria, French Third Republic, Vichy France, Provisional Government of the French Republic, French Fourth Republic, French Fifth Republic
| French Algeria, French Third Republic, Vichy France, Provisional Government of the French Republic, French Fourth Republic, French Fifth Republic
| worker
| philosopher, author, journalist
| philosopher, author, journalist
| Absurdism
| Absurdism
Line 39: Line 37:
| Italy
| Italy
| Kingdom of Italy, World War II, Italian Republic
| Kingdom of Italy, World War II, Italian Republic
| architect and painter
| novelist and journalist
| novelist and journalist
|  
|  
Line 47: Line 44:
| United States of America
| United States of America
| Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-War Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era
| Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-War Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era
| miner
| painter, film director, film producer
| painter, film director, film producer
| Pop Art
| Pop Art
Line 57: Line 53:
| England, Sri Lanka
| England, Sri Lanka
| World War I, Interwar period, World War II, Post-war period, Dominion of Ceylon, Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
| World War I, Interwar period, World War II, Post-war period, Dominion of Ceylon, Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
|
| writer, futurist, inventor, undersea explorer, television series host
| writer, futurist, inventor, undersea explorer, television series host
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|Emmanuel Roidis
|Greece
|Born 1836 in Syros   -Died in Athens 1904.
Important literary figure of the 19th century, Emmanuel Roidis was amazingly versatile: a liberal, a republican, a brilliant and witty wordsmith, a novelist, an essayist, a critic, an indefatigable reader, translator and, above all, an acute and caustic observer. in Genoa of an intriguing medieval scandal, propelled him to publish Pope Joan in 1866, novel that ever gained international readership.
|Novelist, an essayist, a critic
|Translator and, above all, an acute and caustic observer. 
|Caustic political texts
|http://athensfirstcemeteryinenglish.blogspot.com/2018/06/immanuel-roidis.html
|-
|-
| Eric Arthur Blair (George Orwell)
| Eric Arthur Blair (George Orwell)
| India, Burma, England, France, Spain
| India, Burma, England, France, Spain
| British Raj, British rule in Burma, Interwar, French Third Republic, Spanish Civil War, World War II, Post-war Britain
| British Raj, British rule in Burma, Interwar, French Third Republic, Spanish Civil War, World War II, Post-war Britain
| civil servant
| novelist, essayist, journalist, literary critic
| novelist, essayist, journalist, literary critic
|  
|  
Line 80: Line 65:
* https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:George_Orwell
* https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:George_Orwell
* https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%28George%20Orwell%29
* https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%28George%20Orwell%29
|-
| Franklin Patrick Herbert
| United States of America
| Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-War Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era
| novelist
| New Wave
|
|-
|-
| Gabriel García Márquez
| Gabriel García Márquez
| Colombia, Mexico
| Colombia, Mexico
| Liberal and Conservative Conflict, National Front regime, "Revolution to evolution", Economic crisis in Mexico, Ernesto Zedillo,  Vicente Fox Quesada, Felipe Calderón Hinojosa, Enrique Peña Nieto
| Liberal and Conservative Conflict, National Front regime, "Revolution to evolution", Economic crisis in Mexico, Ernesto Zedillo,  Vicente Fox Quesada, Felipe Calderón Hinojosa, Enrique Peña Nieto
| pharmacist
| novelist, short-story writer, screenwriter, journalist
| novelist, short-story writer, screenwriter, journalist
| Latin American Boom, Magic Realism
| Latin American Boom, Magic Realism
Line 93: Line 84:
| Russia, United States of America
| Russia, United States of America
| Russian Revolution, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era
| Russian Revolution, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era
| miller
| writer, professor
| writer, professor
|  
|  
Line 101: Line 91:
| United States of America
| United States of America
| World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era, modern day
| World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era, modern day
| kosher cheese trader
| writer
| writer
|  
|  
Line 110: Line 99:
| United States of America
| United States of America
| Progressive Era, World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era
| Progressive Era, World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era
|
| musician, singer
| musician, singer
|  
|  
Line 120: Line 108:
| Mexico, United States of America
| Mexico, United States of America
| Mexican Revolution, Consolidation of revolution, Great Depression, Consolidation of revolution, "Revolution to evolution"
| Mexican Revolution, Consolidation of revolution, Great Depression, Consolidation of revolution, "Revolution to evolution"
| painter and photographer
| painter
| painter
| Surrealism, Magic Realism, Naïve
| Surrealism, Magic Realism, Naïve
Line 129: Line 116:
| United States of America
| United States of America
| Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era, Modern day
| Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era, Modern day
| crane operator and band guitarist
| singer, songwriter, dancer, record producer
| singer, songwriter, dancer, record producer
|  
|  
Line 136: Line 122:
* https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%28Michael%20Jackson%29
* https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%28Michael%20Jackson%29
|-
|-
|Odysseas Elytis (Greek: Οδυσσέας Ελύτης)
| Οδυσσέας Ελύτης (Οδυσσέας Αλεπουδέλλης)
|Greece
''Odysseas Elytis (Odysseas Alepoudellis)''
| 2 November 1911 – 18 March 1996
| Greece, France
|Poet
| World War I, Greco-Turkish War, Interwar, World War II, Greek Civil War, Post-war Greece, French Fourth Republic, French Fourth Republic, Military dictatorship in Greece, Third Hellenic Republic
|In 1979, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature
| poet, essayist, translator
|Romantic, Modernism 
| Romantic Modernism
|
|  
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odysseas_Elytis
|-
|-
| Paul Jackson Pollock
| Paul Jackson Pollock
| United States of America
| United States of America
| Progressive Era, World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era
| Progressive Era, World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era
| farmer, land surveyor
| painter
| painter
| Abstract Expressionism
| Abstract Expressionism
|
|
* https://www.wikiart.org/en/jackson-pollock
* https://www.wikiart.org/en/jackson-pollock
|-
| Philip Kindred Dick
| United States of America
| Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-War Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era
| novelist, short-story writer, essayist
| Postmodernism
|
|-
|-
| Primo Michele Levi
| Primo Michele Levi
| Italy
| Italy
| Kingdom of Italy, World War II, Italian Republic
| Kingdom of Italy, World War II, Italian Republic
| worker
| chemist, partisan, Holocaust survivor and writer
| chemist, partisan, Holocaust survivor and writer
|  
|  
|
|
* https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%28Primo%20Levi%29
* https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%28Primo%20Levi%29
|-
| Ray Douglas Bradbury
| United States of America
| Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era
| writer
|
|
|-
|-
| Roald Dahl
| Roald Dahl
| England
| England
| World War I, Interwar, World War II, Post-war period
| World War I, Interwar, World War II, Post-war period
| ship broker
| novelist, short-story writer, poet, screenwriter, fighter pilot
| novelist, short-story writer, poet, screenwriter, fighter pilot
|  
|  
Line 175: Line 171:
| United States of America
| United States of America
| Progressive Era, World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era
| Progressive Era, World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era
|
| writer, aeronautical engineer, naval officer
| writer, aeronautical engineer, naval officer
|  
|  
Line 183: Line 178:
| Spain, France, United States of America
| Spain, France, United States of America
| Bourbon Restoration in Spain, French Third Republic, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era, Francoist Spain, Post-Franco Spain
| Bourbon Restoration in Spain, French Third Republic, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era, Francoist Spain, Post-Franco Spain
| lawyer and notary
| painter, photographer, sculptor, writer
| painter, photographer, sculptor, writer
| Cubism, Dada, Surrealism
| Cubism, Dada, Surrealism
Line 192: Line 186:
| United States of America
| United States of America
| Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era
| Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era
| postman
| novelist
| novelist
|  
|  
Line 200: Line 193:
| Italy
| Italy
| Fascist Italy, World War II, Italian Republic
| Fascist Italy, World War II, Italian Republic
| accountant
| medievalist, philosopher, semiotician, cultural critic, commentator, novelist
| medievalist, philosopher, semiotician, cultural critic, commentator, novelist
|  
|  
Line 210: Line 202:
| Russia, United States of America
| Russia, United States of America
| Russian Revolution, Soviet Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era in the USA, Russian Federation
| Russian Revolution, Soviet Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era in the USA, Russian Federation
| landowner
| novelist, essayist, historian
| novelist, essayist, historian
|  
|  
Line 220: Line 211:
| Hungary, India, France
| Hungary, India, France
| Hungarian Republic, Kingdom of Hungary, British Raj, French Third Republic
| Hungarian Republic, Kingdom of Hungary, British Raj, French Third Republic
| aristocrat and scholar
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 230: Line 220:
| Japan
| Japan
| Taishō period, Shōwa financial crisis, Growth of militarism, World War II, Allied Occupation of Japan, Japanese economic miracle
| Taishō period, Shōwa financial crisis, Growth of militarism, World War II, Allied Occupation of Japan, Japanese economic miracle
| official
| novelist, playwright, poet, short-story writer, essayist, critic
| novelist, playwright, poet, short-story writer, essayist, critic
| Romanticism, Aestheticism
| Romanticism, Aestheticism
Line 239: Line 228:
| China
| China
| Republic of China, British Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| Republic of China, British Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| landowner
| novelist, essayist, newspaper founder, newspaper editor
| novelist, essayist, newspaper founder, newspaper editor
|  
|  
Line 249: Line 237:
| China, United States of America
| China, United States of America
| Republic of China, British Hong Kong, Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era
| Republic of China, British Hong Kong, Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era
| naval commander
| novelist, essayist, playwright, screenwriter, short-story writer
| novelist, essayist, playwright, screenwriter, short-story writer
|  
|  
Line 258: Line 245:
| Japan
| Japan
| Taishō period, Shōwa period, Heisei period
| Taishō period, Shōwa period, Heisei period
|
| writer
| writer
|  
|  
Line 269: Line 255:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 285: Line 269:
| France, Italy
| France, Italy
| Second French Empire, French Third Republic, Kingdom of Italy
| Second French Empire, French Third Republic, Kingdom of Italy
| shop owner
| composer
| composer
| Impressionism
| Impressionism
Line 294: Line 277:
| England
| England
| Victorian era, Edwardian era, World War I, Interwar, World War II, Postwar era
| Victorian era, Edwardian era, World War I, Interwar, World War II, Postwar era
| army officer
| novelist, short-story writer, playwright, poet, memoirist
| novelist, short-story writer, playwright, poet, memoirist
| Golden Age of Detective Fiction
| Golden Age of Detective Fiction
Line 305: Line 287:
| France, Italy
| France, Italy
| July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, Unification of Italy, French Third Republic
| July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, Unification of Italy, French Third Republic
| singing teacher
| composer
| composer
| Romanticism
| Romanticism
Line 314: Line 295:
| France
| France
| First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire
| First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire
| noble
| novelist, playwright
| novelist, playwright
| Romanticism, Historical Fiction
| Romanticism, Historical Fiction
Line 325: Line 305:
| France
| France
| First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Third Republic
| First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Third Republic
| noble
| novelist, memoirist, journalist
| novelist, memoirist, journalist
| Romanticism, Pastoralism
| Romanticism, Pastoralism
Line 336: Line 315:
| Bohemia, United States of America
| Bohemia, United States of America
| Austrian Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire, Gilded Age
| Austrian Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire, Gilded Age
| innkeeper and butcher
| composer
| composer
| Romanticism
| Romanticism
Line 345: Line 323:
| England
| England
| Victorian era, Edwardian era, World War I, Interwar
| Victorian era, Edwardian era, World War I, Interwar
| illustrator and civil servant
| writer, physician
| writer, physician
|  
|  
Line 356: Line 333:
| France
| France
| July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Third Republic
| July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Third Republic
| official
| composer, organist, conductor, pianist
| composer, organist, conductor, pianist
| Romanticism
| Romanticism
Line 365: Line 341:
| England, United States of America, France
| England, United States of America, France
| Georgian era, Jacksonian democracy, July Monarchy, Victorian era, Reconstruction era
| Georgian era, Jacksonian democracy, July Monarchy, Victorian era, Reconstruction era
| clerk in the Navy Pay Office
| writer, social critic
| writer, social critic
|  
|  
Line 376: Line 351:
| England
| England
| Victorian era
| Victorian era
| clergy
| writer, illustrator, poet, mathematician, photographer, teacher, inventor
| writer, illustrator, poet, mathematician, photographer, teacher, inventor
|  
|  
Line 387: Line 361:
| England, United States of America, Switzerland
| England, United States of America, Switzerland
| Victorian era, Edwardian era, Progressive Era, World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war United States of America, Post-war Switzerland
| Victorian era, Edwardian era, Progressive Era, World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war United States of America, Post-war Switzerland
| music hall entertainer
| actor, comedian, film director, composer, screenwriter, film producer, film editor
| actor, comedian, film director, composer, screenwriter, film producer, film editor
|  
|  
Line 397: Line 370:
| England
| England
| Victorian era, Edwardian era, World War I, Interwar, World War II, Post-war era
| Victorian era, Edwardian era, World War I, Interwar, World War II, Post-war era
| solicitor
| novelist, scholar, broadcaster
| novelist, scholar, broadcaster
|  
|  
Line 408: Line 380:
| United States of America
| United States of America
| Jeffersonian Era, Era of Good Feelings, Jacksonian Era
| Jeffersonian Era, Era of Good Feelings, Jacksonian Era
| actor
| writer, poet, editor, literary critic
| writer, poet, editor, literary critic
|  
|  
Line 419: Line 390:
| Norway, Germany, France
| Norway, Germany, France
| United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, Wilhelm II, French Third Republic, Interwar Independence of Norway, German occupation of Norway
| United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, Wilhelm II, French Third Republic, Interwar Independence of Norway, German occupation of Norway
| doctor and medical officer
| painter
| painter
| Expressionism, Symbolism
| Expressionism, Symbolism
Line 428: Line 398:
| Italy, France
| Italy, France
| Unification of Italy, Second French Empire, French Third Republic
| Unification of Italy, Second French Empire, French Third Republic
| engineer
| novelist, journalist, playwright, poet
| novelist, journalist, playwright, poet
| Naturalism
| Naturalism
Line 439: Line 408:
| France
| France
| Second French Empire, French Third Republic
| Second French Empire, French Third Republic
| shipping broker
| composer, pianist
| composer, pianist
|  
|  
Line 448: Line 416:
| France
| France
| French Third Republic, Vichy France, Provisional Government of the French Republic, French Fourth Republic, French Fifth Republic
| French Third Republic, Vichy France, Provisional Government of the French Republic, French Fourth Republic, French Fifth Republic
| pharmaceutical manufacturer owner
| composer, pianist
| composer, pianist
|  
|  
Line 457: Line 424:
| Bohemia
| Bohemia
| Austro-Hungarian Empire, First Czechoslovak Republic
| Austro-Hungarian Empire, First Czechoslovak Republic
| ritual slaughterer
| novelist, short-story writer, insurance officer
| novelist, short-story writer, insurance officer
| Modernism
| Modernism
Line 468: Line 434:
| Italy
| Italy
| Kingdom of Italy
| Kingdom of Italy
| landowner and mayor
| poet, playwright, orator, journalist, aristocrat, army officer
| poet, playwright, orator, journalist, aristocrat, army officer
| Decadent Movement
| Decadent Movement
Line 479: Line 444:
| United States of America
| United States of America
| Gilded Age, Progressive Era, World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II
| Gilded Age, Progressive Era, World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II
|
| painter
| painter
| Regionalism
| Regionalism
Line 488: Line 452:
| France
| France
| Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Third Republic
| Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Third Republic
| director and senior surgeon
| novelist
| novelist
| Realism, Romanticism
| Realism, Romanticism
Line 499: Line 462:
| Denmark
| Denmark
| Denmark–Norway, nationalist and liberalist movements, industrialisation
| Denmark–Norway, nationalist and liberalist movements, industrialisation
|
| writer
| writer
|  
|  
Line 510: Line 472:
| Turkey
| Turkey
| decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire, dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, Republic of Turkey
| decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire, dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, Republic of Turkey
|
| calligrapher
| calligrapher
|  
|  
Line 518: Line 479:
| Turkey
| Turkey
| decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire
| decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire
| guild official
| calligrapher
| calligrapher
|  
|  
|
|
* https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sami_Efendi
* https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sami_Efendi
|-
| Herbert George Wells
| England
| Victorian era, Edwardian era, World War I, Interwar period, World War II, Post-war era
| novelist, teacher, historian, journalist
|
|
* https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Herbert_George_Wells
* https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/30
* https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%28H.%20G.%20Wells%29
|-
|-
| Henri Émile Benoît Matisse
| Henri Émile Benoît Matisse
| France
| France
| Second French Empire, French Third Republic, Vichy France, Provisional Government of the French Republic, French Fourth Republic
| Second French Empire, French Third Republic, Vichy France, Provisional Government of the French Republic, French Fourth Republic
| grain merchant
| painter, draughtsman, printmaker, sculptor
| painter, draughtsman, printmaker, sculptor
| Fauvism
| Fauvism
Line 536: Line 505:
| France
| France
| French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Third Republic
| French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Third Republic
|
| novelist, short story writer, poet
| novelist, short story writer, poet
| Naturalism, Realism
| Naturalism, Realism
Line 547: Line 515:
| Orange Free State, England
| Orange Free State, England
| Orange Free State, Victorian Era, Edwardian Era, World War I, Interwar, World War II, Post-war Era
| Orange Free State, Victorian Era, Edwardian Era, World War I, Interwar, World War II, Post-war Era
| craftsman
| writer, academic, philologist, poet
| writer, academic, philologist, poet
|  
|  
Line 556: Line 523:
| France
| France
| French Third Republic
| French Third Republic
| engineer
| composer, pianist, conductor
| composer, pianist, conductor
| Impressionism
| Impressionism
Line 565: Line 531:
| France
| France
| Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Third Republic
| Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Third Republic
| attorney
| novelist, poet, playwright
| novelist, poet, playwright
| Avant-garde, Surrealism
| Avant-garde, Surrealism
Line 576: Line 541:
| France, Italy
| France, Italy
| French First Republic, First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, Unification of Italy, July Monarchy, French Second Republic
| French First Republic, First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, Unification of Italy, July Monarchy, French Second Republic
| physician
| composer, conductor
| composer, conductor
| Romanticism
| Romanticism
Line 585: Line 549:
| Turkey
| Turkey
| decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire
| decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire
|
| calligrapher
| calligrapher
|  
|  
Line 594: Line 557:
| Turkey
| Turkey
| decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire, dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, Turkish War of Independence, Government of the Grand National Assembly, One-party period of the Republic of Turkey
| decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire, dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, Turkish War of Independence, Government of the Grand National Assembly, One-party period of the Republic of Turkey
|
| poet, writer, academic, politician
| poet, writer, academic, politician
| The Republican Era
| The Republican Era
Line 603: Line 565:
| France, Algeria
| France, Algeria
| July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Algeria, French Third Republic
| July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Algeria, French Third Republic
| merchant
| painter
| painter
| Impressionism
| Impressionism
Line 612: Line 573:
| Spain, France
| Spain, France
| Bourbon Restoration in Spain, French Third Republic, Vichy France, Provisional Government of the French Republic, French Fourth Republic, French Fifth Republic
| Bourbon Restoration in Spain, French Third Republic, Vichy France, Provisional Government of the French Republic, French Fourth Republic, French Fifth Republic
| painter
| painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, theatre designer
| painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, theatre designer
| Cubism, Surrealism
| Cubism, Surrealism
Line 621: Line 581:
| United States of America
| United States of America
| Jacksonian Era, Civil War Era, Reconstruction Era, Gilded Age, Progressive Era
| Jacksonian Era, Civil War Era, Reconstruction Era, Gilded Age, Progressive Era
| attorney and judge
| writer, humorist, entrepreneur, publisher, lecturer
| writer, humorist, entrepreneur, publisher, lecturer
|
|
Line 632: Line 591:
| France
| France
| French Third Republic
| French Third Republic
| pathologist and epidemiologist
| novelist, critic, essayist
| novelist, critic, essayist
|  
|  
Line 643: Line 601:
| France, Channel Islands
| France, Channel Islands
| French First Republic, First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, Second French Empire, French Third Republic, Victorian Era
| French First Republic, First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, Second French Empire, French Third Republic, Victorian Era
| general
| poet, novelist, essayist, playwright, dramatist
| poet, novelist, essayist, playwright, dramatist
| Romanticism
| Romanticism
Line 654: Line 611:
| Netherlands, France
| Netherlands, France
| democratic and industrial development in Netherlands, French Third Republic
| democratic and industrial development in Netherlands, French Third Republic
| church minister
| painter
| painter
| Post-Impressionism
| Post-Impressionism
Line 663: Line 619:
| Germany, Switzerland, Italy, France, England
| Germany, Switzerland, Italy, France, England
| Confederation of the Rhine, German Confederation, industrialisation and economic growth in Switzerland, unification of Italy, Second French Empire, German Empire
| Confederation of the Rhine, German Confederation, industrialisation and economic growth in Switzerland, unification of Italy, Second French Empire, German Empire
|
| composer, theatre director, polemicist, conductor
| composer, theatre director, polemicist, conductor
|  
|  
Line 673: Line 628:
| Russia
| Russia
| late Russian Empire
| late Russian Empire
| noble
| poet, novelist, playwright
| poet, novelist, playwright
| Romanticism, Realism
| Romanticism, Realism
Line 685: Line 639:
| Russia
| Russia
| late Russian Empire
| late Russian Empire
| grocery store owner
| physician, short-story writer, playwright
| physician, short-story writer, playwright
| Modernism
| Modernism
Line 697: Line 650:
| Russia, Germany, United States of America, Switzerland
| Russia, Germany, United States of America, Switzerland
| late Russian Empire, Russian Revolution, Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, World War II in the USA, Post-war Era in the USA, Post-war Switzerland
| late Russian Empire, Russian Revolution, Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, World War II in the USA, Post-war Era in the USA, Post-war Switzerland
| noble
| novelist, poet, translator, and entomologist
| novelist, poet, translator, and entomologist
| Modernism, Post-Modernism
| Modernism, Post-Modernism
Line 707: Line 659:
| Russia
| Russia
| late Russian Empire
| late Russian Empire
| noble
| novelist, short-story writer, poet, playwright, translator
| novelist, short-story writer, poet, playwright, translator
| Realism
| Realism
Line 719: Line 670:
| Russia
| Russia
| late Russian Empire
| late Russian Empire
| aristocrat
| novelist, short-story writer, playwright, essayist
| novelist, short-story writer, playwright, essayist
| Realism
| Realism
Line 731: Line 681:
| Ukraine / Russia
| Ukraine / Russia
| late Russian Empire
| late Russian Empire
| military officer
| Playwright, short-story writer, novelist
| Playwright, short-story writer, novelist
| Surrealism
| Surrealism
Line 743: Line 692:
| Russia
| Russia
| late Russian Empire, Russian Revolution, Establishment of the USSR, Stalinism
| late Russian Empire, Russian Revolution, Establishment of the USSR, Stalinism
| state councilor and professor
| novelist, short-story writer, playwright, physician
| novelist, short-story writer, playwright, physician
|  
|  
Line 753: Line 701:
| Russia
| Russia
| late Russian Empire
| late Russian Empire
| noble
| writer, poet, painter
| writer, poet, painter
| Romanticism, Pre-Realism
| Romanticism, Pre-Realism
Line 764: Line 711:
| Russia
| Russia
| late Russian Empire
| late Russian Empire
| iron worker
| composer
| composer
| Romanticism
| Romanticism
Line 774: Line 720:
| Russia
| Russia
| late Russian Empire
| late Russian Empire
| noble
| military engineer, novelist, journalist
| military engineer, novelist, journalist
| Realism
| Realism
Line 786: Line 731:
| Greece
| Greece
| King George I, World War I, Greco-Turkish War, 11 September 1922 Revolution, Second Hellenic Republic, 4th of August Regime, World War II, Greek Civil War, Post-war Greece
| King George I, World War I, Greco-Turkish War, 11 September 1922 Revolution, Second Hellenic Republic, 4th of August Regime, World War II, Greek Civil War, Post-war Greece
| merchant
| writer
| writer
|  
|  
Line 795: Line 739:
| India
| India
| British Raj, Union of India, Republic of India
| British Raj, Union of India, Republic of India
| noble
| painter
| painter
| Bengal School
| Bengal School
Line 805: Line 748:
| India
| India
| British Raj, Union of India, Republic of India
| British Raj, Union of India, Republic of India
|
| painter
| painter
| Contextual Modernism  
| Contextual Modernism  
Line 815: Line 757:
| India
| India
| British Raj, Union of India, Republic of India
| British Raj, Union of India, Republic of India
| landowner
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 824: Line 765:
| India
| India
| Kingdom of Travancore
| Kingdom of Travancore
| aristocrat
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 834: Line 774:
| Korea
| Korea
| late Joseon period, Korean Empire, Korea under Japanese rule, Provisional Government of Korea, Division of Korea
| late Joseon period, Korean Empire, Korea under Japanese rule, Provisional Government of Korea, Division of Korea
|
| novelist, activist
| novelist, activist
|  
|  
Line 844: Line 783:
| Korea
| Korea
| late Jeoson period
| late Jeoson period
|
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 854: Line 792:
| Korea
| Korea
| late Joseon period, Korean Empire, Korea under Japanese rule, Provisional Government of Korea, Division of Korea
| late Joseon period, Korean Empire, Korea under Japanese rule, Provisional Government of Korea, Division of Korea
| jungin
| historian, poet, publisher
| historian, poet, publisher
|  
|  
Line 864: Line 801:
| Japan
| Japan
| Meiji period, Taishō period, Shōwa financial crisis, Growth of militarism, World War II, Allied Occupation of Japan, Japanese economic miracle
| Meiji period, Taishō period, Shōwa financial crisis, Growth of militarism, World War II, Allied Occupation of Japan, Japanese economic miracle
| doctor
| novelist, short-story writer, essayist
| novelist, short-story writer, essayist
| Shinkankakuha
| Shinkankakuha
Line 873: Line 809:
| China
| China
| late Qing dynasty
| late Qing dynasty
| rice merchant
| painter
| painter
| Shanghai School
| Shanghai School
Line 883: Line 818:
| China
| China
| late Qing dynasty, Republic of China
| late Qing dynasty, Republic of China
|
| painter, calligrapher, seal artist
| painter, calligrapher, seal artist
| Shanghai School
| Shanghai School
Line 893: Line 827:
| Japan
| Japan
| Meiji period, Taishō period, Shōwa financial crisis, Growth of militarism, World War II, Allied Occupation of Japan, Japanese economic miracle
| Meiji period, Taishō period, Shōwa financial crisis, Growth of militarism, World War II, Allied Occupation of Japan, Japanese economic miracle
| merchant
| writer
| writer
| Aestheticism
| Aestheticism
Line 902: Line 835:
| China
| China
| late Qing dynasty, Republic of China
| late Qing dynasty, Republic of China
| landowner
| essayist, short-story writer, critic
| essayist, short-story writer, critic
| New Culture Movement
| New Culture Movement
Line 913: Line 845:
| Japan, England
| Japan, England
| Meiji period, Edwardian Era, Taishō period
| Meiji period, Edwardian Era, Taishō period
| official
| novelist, essayist, critic
| novelist, essayist, critic
| Yoyūha, Anti-Naturalism
| Yoyūha, Anti-Naturalism
Line 924: Line 855:
| China, France
| China, France
| late Qing dynasty, Republic of China, French Third Republic, socialist transformation
| late Qing dynasty, Republic of China, French Third Republic, socialist transformation
| teacher
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 934: Line 864:
| China
| China
| late Qing dynasty, Republic of China, Taiwan under martial law, democratic reforms in Taiwan
| late Qing dynasty, Republic of China, Taiwan under martial law, democratic reforms in Taiwan
| teacher, politician
| painter
| painter
| Impressionism, Expressionism
| Impressionism, Expressionism
Line 944: Line 873:
| China
| China
| late Qing dynasty, Republic of China, socialist transformation
| late Qing dynasty, Republic of China, socialist transformation
| peasant
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 956: Line 884:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 972: Line 898:
| Italy
| Italy
| Age of Enlightenment, Napoleonic Era, Unification of Italy
| Age of Enlightenment, Napoleonic Era, Unification of Italy
| noble
| poet, novelist and philosopher
| poet, novelist and philosopher
| Enlightenment, Romanticism
| Enlightenment, Romanticism
Line 983: Line 908:
| France
| France
| French First Republic, First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire
| French First Republic, First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire
| official
| painter, lithographer
| painter, lithographer
| Romanticism
| Romanticism
Line 992: Line 916:
| Austria, England
| Austria, England
| late Holy Roman Empire, Georgian era
| late Holy Roman Empire, Georgian era
| wheelwright
| composer
| composer
| Classicism
| Classicism
Line 1,001: Line 924:
| Turkey
| Turkey
| Ottoman Old Regime, decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire
| Ottoman Old Regime, decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire
|
| composer
| composer
|  
|  
Line 1,010: Line 932:
| France
| France
| French First Republic, First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic
| French First Republic, First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic
| artisan
| writer, critic, journalist, printer
| writer, critic, journalist, printer
| Realism
| Realism
Line 1,021: Line 942:
| England
| England
| Georgian era
| Georgian era
| clergy
| novelist
| novelist
|  
|  
Line 1,032: Line 952:
| Germany
| Germany
| late Holy Roman Empire
| late Holy Roman Empire
| musician
| composer, pianist
| composer, pianist
| Classicism, Romanticism
| Classicism, Romanticism
Line 1,041: Line 960:
| Turkey
| Turkey
| Ottoman Old Regime, decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire
| Ottoman Old Regime, decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire
|
| calligrapher
| calligrapher
|  
|  
Line 1,050: Line 968:
| Germany, Italy
| Germany, Italy
| late Holy Roman Empire, Italy in 18th century
| late Holy Roman Empire, Italy in 18th century
| composer
| composer
| composer
| Classicism
| Classicism
Line 1,060: Line 977:
| Korea
| Korea
| late Joseon period
| late Joseon period
| court painter
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 1,070: Line 986:
| China
| China
| middle Qing dynasty
| middle Qing dynasty
| official
| novelist, poet, philosopher, painter
| novelist, poet, philosopher, painter
|  
|  
Line 1,083: Line 998:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 1,099: Line 1,012:
| Italy
| Italy
| Age of Enlightenment
| Age of Enlightenment
|
| composer, violinist, teacher, impresario, priest
| composer, violinist, teacher, impresario, priest
| Baroque
| Baroque
Line 1,108: Line 1,020:
| Italy
| Italy
| Counter-Reformation in Italy, economic and social decline in Italy
| Counter-Reformation in Italy, economic and social decline in Italy
| painter
| painter
| painter
| Baroque
| Baroque
Line 1,117: Line 1,028:
| France
| France
| late Bourbon kings
| late Bourbon kings
| lawyer
| writer, philosopher, historian
| writer, philosopher, historian
|  
|  
Line 1,128: Line 1,038:
| Turkey
| Turkey
| Transformation of the Ottoman Empire
| Transformation of the Ottoman Empire
| muezzin
| calligrapher
| calligrapher
|  
|  
Line 1,137: Line 1,046:
| Germany
| Germany
| late Holy Roman Empire
| late Holy Roman Empire
| director of musicians
| composer
| composer
| Baroque
| Baroque
Line 1,146: Line 1,054:
| Netherlands
| Netherlands
| Republic of the Seven United Netherlands
| Republic of the Seven United Netherlands
| worker
| painter
| painter
| Dutch Golden Age, Baroque
| Dutch Golden Age, Baroque
Line 1,155: Line 1,062:
| Turkey
| Turkey
| Transformation of the Ottoman Empire
| Transformation of the Ottoman Empire
| noble
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 1,164: Line 1,070:
| Netherlands
| Netherlands
| Republic of the Seven United Netherlands
| Republic of the Seven United Netherlands
| miller
| painter, printmaker, draughtsman
| painter, printmaker, draughtsman
| Dutch Golden Age, Baroque
| Dutch Golden Age, Baroque
Line 1,174: Line 1,079:
| Korea
| Korea
| late Joseon period
| late Joseon period
| noble
| novelist, politician
| novelist, politician
|  
|  
Line 1,184: Line 1,088:
| China
| China
| early Qing dynasty, middle Qing dynasty
| early Qing dynasty, middle Qing dynasty
| official
| official, painter
| official, painter
|  
|  
Line 1,194: Line 1,097:
| China
| China
| late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty
| late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty
| painter
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 1,204: Line 1,106:
| Japan
| Japan
| early Edo period
| early Edo period
| merchant
| writer
| writer
| Ukiyo-zōshi
| Ukiyo-zōshi
Line 1,215: Line 1,116:
| China
| China
| early Qing dynasty
| early Qing dynasty
| royal house
| monk, calligrapher, painter
| monk, calligrapher, painter
|  
|  
Line 1,226: Line 1,126:
| China
| China
| late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty
| late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty
| noble
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 1,236: Line 1,135:
| China
| China
| late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty
| late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty
|
| painter, poet, calligrapher
| painter, poet, calligrapher
|  
|  
Line 1,246: Line 1,144:
| Japan
| Japan
| early Edo period
| early Edo period
| musokunin
| poet
| poet
| Shōfū Haikai
| Shōfū Haikai
Line 1,256: Line 1,153:
| China
| China
| late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty
| late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty
| activist
| calligrapher, painter
| calligrapher, painter
|  
|  
Line 1,266: Line 1,162:
| China
| China
| middle Qing dynasty
| middle Qing dynasty
| teacher
| official, painter
| official, painter
|  
|  
Line 1,278: Line 1,173:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 1,294: Line 1,187:
| Spain, Italy
| Spain, Italy
| middle Habsburg Spain, Counter-Reformation in Italy
| middle Habsburg Spain, Counter-Reformation in Italy
| notary
| painter
| painter
| Baroque
| Baroque
Line 1,303: Line 1,195:
| France
| France
| early House of Bourbon
| early House of Bourbon
| baker
| painter
| painter
| Baroque
| Baroque
Line 1,312: Line 1,203:
| Netherlands, Italy
| Netherlands, Italy
| Eighty Years' War, Counter-Reformation in Itay
| Eighty Years' War, Counter-Reformation in Itay
| decorative painter
| painter
| painter
| Baroque
| Baroque
Line 1,321: Line 1,211:
| Italy
| Italy
| Counter-Reformation in Italy
| Counter-Reformation in Italy
| sculptor
| sculptor, architect
| sculptor, architect
| Baroque
| Baroque
Line 1,330: Line 1,219:
| Italy
| Italy
| Counter-Reformation in Italy
| Counter-Reformation in Italy
| household administrator and architect-decorator
| painter
| painter
| Baroque
| Baroque
Line 1,339: Line 1,227:
| Spain
| Spain
| middle Habsburg Spain
| middle Habsburg Spain
| physician
| soldier, tax collector, accountant, purchasing agent for Navy
| soldier, tax collector, accountant, purchasing agent for Navy
|  
|  
Line 1,350: Line 1,237:
| Germany, Flanders, Italy, France
| Germany, Flanders, Italy, France
| Reformation in Germany, Eighty Years' War, Counter-Reformation in Italy, middle House of Bourbon
| Reformation in Germany, Eighty Years' War, Counter-Reformation in Italy, middle House of Bourbon
|
| painter, diplomat
| painter, diplomat
| Baroque
| Baroque
Line 1,359: Line 1,245:
| Turkey
| Turkey
| decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire
| decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire
|
| calligrapher
| calligrapher
|  
|  
Line 1,367: Line 1,252:
| England
| England
| Elizabethan era, Jacobean era
| Elizabethan era, Jacobean era
| alderman and glover
| playwright. poet. actor
| playwright. poet. actor
| English Renaissance
| English Renaissance
Line 1,379: Line 1,263:
| Korea
| Korea
| middle Joseon period
| middle Joseon period
| noble
| novelist, poet, politician
| novelist, poet, politician
|  
|  
Line 1,389: Line 1,272:
| China
| China
| late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty
| late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty
| court academy editor
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 1,399: Line 1,281:
| China
| China
| late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty
| late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty
| official
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 1,409: Line 1,290:
| China
| China
| middle Ming dynasty
| middle Ming dynasty
| artisan
| poet, novelist
| poet, novelist
|  
|  
Line 1,420: Line 1,300:
| China
| China
| late Ming dynasty
| late Ming dynasty
| teacher
| painter, calligrapher, politician, art theorist
| painter, calligrapher, politician, art theorist
|  
|  
Line 1,432: Line 1,311:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 1,448: Line 1,325:
| England
| England
| late House of Plantagenet
| late House of Plantagenet
|
| composer
| composer
| Burgundian School
| Burgundian School
Line 1,457: Line 1,333:
| Italy, France
| Italy, France
| Italian Renaissance, Valois-Angoulême
| Italian Renaissance, Valois-Angoulême
| legal notary
| painter, draughtsman, engineer, scientist, theorist, sculptor, architect
| painter, draughtsman, engineer, scientist, theorist, sculptor, architect
| High Renaissance
| High Renaissance
Line 1,466: Line 1,341:
| Italy
| Italy
| Italian Renaissance
| Italian Renaissance
| citadel commander
| poet
| poet
| Renaissance Humanism
| Renaissance Humanism
Line 1,477: Line 1,351:
| Italy
| Italy
| Italian Renaissance
| Italian Renaissance
| banker
| sculptor, painter, architect, poet
| sculptor, painter, architect, poet
| High Renaissance
| High Renaissance
Line 1,486: Line 1,359:
| Italy
| Italy
| Republic of Florence
| Republic of Florence
| attorney
| diplomat, author, philosopher, historian
| diplomat, author, philosopher, historian
|  
|  
Line 1,497: Line 1,369:
| Italy
| Italy
| Italian Renaissance
| Italian Renaissance
| court painter
| painter, architect
| painter, architect
| High Renaissance
| High Renaissance
Line 1,506: Line 1,377:
| Turkey
| Turkey
| rise of the Ottoman Empire, Classical Age
| rise of the Ottoman Empire, Classical Age
| official
| calligrapher
| calligrapher
|  
|  
Line 1,515: Line 1,385:
| Russia
| Russia
| late Grand Duchy of Moscow
| late Grand Duchy of Moscow
|
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 1,525: Line 1,394:
| Korea
| Korea
| early Joseon period
| early Joseon period
| aristocrat
| scholar, writer
| scholar, writer
|  
|  
Line 1,535: Line 1,403:
| China
| China
| middle Ming dynasty
| middle Ming dynasty
| peasant
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 1,546: Line 1,413:
| China
| China
| middle Ming dynasty
| middle Ming dynasty
| official
| painter, calligrapher, poet
| painter, calligrapher, poet
| Wu School, Southern School
| Wu School, Southern School
Line 1,556: Line 1,422:
| China
| China
| middle Ming dynasty
| middle Ming dynasty
|
| painter
| painter
| Wu School, Southern School
| Wu School, Southern School
Line 1,567: Line 1,432:
| China
| China
| middle Ming dynasty
| middle Ming dynasty
|
| calligrapher, poet, writer, scholar-official
| calligrapher, poet, writer, scholar-official
|  
|  
Line 1,577: Line 1,441:
| China
| China
| middle Ming dynasty
| middle Ming dynasty
|
| writer
| writer
|  
|  
Line 1,587: Line 1,450:
| China
| China
| middle Ming dynasty
| middle Ming dynasty
| restaurant owner
| painter, calligrapher, poet
| painter, calligrapher, poet
|  
|  
Line 1,599: Line 1,461:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 1,615: Line 1,475:
| Italy
| Italy
| middle Republic of Florence
| middle Republic of Florence
|
| composer, organist, singer, poet, instrument maker
| composer, organist, singer, poet, instrument maker
|  
|  
Line 1,624: Line 1,483:
| France
| France
| middle House of Valois
| middle House of Valois
|
| composer
| composer
| Burgundian School
| Burgundian School
Line 1,633: Line 1,491:
| Italy
| Italy
| middle Republic of Florence
| middle Republic of Florence
| merchant
| writer, poet
| writer, poet
| Renaissance Humanism
| Renaissance Humanism
Line 1,644: Line 1,501:
| Italy
| Italy
| middle Holy Roman Empire
| middle Holy Roman Empire
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 1,653: Line 1,509:
| Flanders
| Flanders
| middle Holy Roman Empire
| middle Holy Roman Empire
| priest
| composer, music theorist
| composer, music theorist
|  
|  
Line 1,663: Line 1,518:
| Russia
| Russia
| late Eastern Roman Empire, Mongolian Invasion, rise of Muscovy
| late Eastern Roman Empire, Mongolian Invasion, rise of Muscovy
|
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 1,673: Line 1,527:
| Eastern Roman Empire, Russia
| Eastern Roman Empire, Russia
| late Eastern Roman Empire, Mongolian Invasion, rise of Muscovy
| late Eastern Roman Empire, Mongolian Invasion, rise of Muscovy
|
| painter
| painter
| Novgorod School
| Novgorod School
Line 1,683: Line 1,536:
| Iran
| Iran
| rise of the Timurid Empire, stagnation of the Timurid Empire
| rise of the Timurid Empire, stagnation of the Timurid Empire
|
| poet, calligrapher
| poet, calligrapher
|  
|  
Line 1,693: Line 1,545:
| China
| China
| Yuan dynasty, early Ming dynasty
| Yuan dynasty, early Ming dynasty
|
| painter
| painter
| Southern School
| Southern School
Line 1,703: Line 1,554:
| China
| China
| Yuan dynasty, early Ming dynasty
| Yuan dynasty, early Ming dynasty
|
| painter
| painter
| Southern School
| Southern School
Line 1,714: Line 1,564:
| China
| China
| middle Ming dynasty
| middle Ming dynasty
|
| painter
| painter
| Zhe School
| Zhe School
Line 1,724: Line 1,573:
| China
| China
| Yuan dynasty, early Ming dynasty
| Yuan dynasty, early Ming dynasty
|
| writer
| writer
|  
|  
Line 1,737: Line 1,585:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 1,753: Line 1,599:
| France
| France
| late House of Capet
| late House of Capet
|
| poet, musician
| poet, musician
|  
|  
Line 1,762: Line 1,607:
| Italy
| Italy
| middle Republic of Florence
| middle Republic of Florence
| politician
| statesman, poet, writer, philosopher, language theorist, political theorist
| statesman, poet, writer, philosopher, language theorist, political theorist
|  
|  
Line 1,772: Line 1,616:
| France
| France
| late House of Capet, early House of Valois
| late House of Capet, early House of Valois
|
| composer, poet
| composer, poet
|  
|  
Line 1,781: Line 1,624:
| Eastern Roman Empire
| Eastern Roman Empire
| late Eastern Roman Empire
| late Eastern Roman Empire
|
| composer, singer
| composer, singer
|  
|  
Line 1,790: Line 1,632:
| France
| France
| late House of Capet, early House of Valois
| late House of Capet, early House of Valois
|
| composer, music theorist, poet
| composer, music theorist, poet
|  
|  
Line 1,800: Line 1,641:
| Italy
| Italy
| middle Holy Roman Empire
| middle Holy Roman Empire
|
| composer
| composer
|  
|  
Line 1,809: Line 1,649:
| Iraq
| Iraq
| Mongol invasion, Ilkhanate
| Mongol invasion, Ilkhanate
|
| calligrapher
| calligrapher
|  
|  
Line 1,818: Line 1,657:
| Korea
| Korea
| Goryeo military regime, Mongol invasions, late Goryeo
| Goryeo military regime, Mongol invasions, late Goryeo
|
| monk, writer
| monk, writer
|  
|  
Line 1,828: Line 1,666:
| China
| China
| Southern Song dynasty, Yuan dynasty
| Southern Song dynasty, Yuan dynasty
|
| playwright
| playwright
|  
|  
Line 1,838: Line 1,675:
| China
| China
| Jurchen Jin dynasty, Yuan dynasty
| Jurchen Jin dynasty, Yuan dynasty
| official
| playwright
| playwright
|  
|  
Line 1,848: Line 1,684:
| China
| China
| Yuan dynasty
| Yuan dynasty
|
| painter
| painter
| Southern School
| Southern School
Line 1,858: Line 1,693:
| China
| China
| Yuan dynasty, early Ming dynasty
| Yuan dynasty, early Ming dynasty
|
| writer, teacher
| writer, teacher
|  
|  
Line 1,869: Line 1,703:
| China
| China
| Southern Song dynasty, Yuan dynasty
| Southern Song dynasty, Yuan dynasty
|
| painter, poet, writer
| painter, poet, writer
|  
|  
Line 1,879: Line 1,712:
| China
| China
| Southern Song dynasty, Yuan dynasty
| Southern Song dynasty, Yuan dynasty
| imperial family
| calligrapher, painter, scholar
| calligrapher, painter, scholar
|  
|  
Line 1,889: Line 1,721:
| China
| China
| Southern Song dynasty, Yuan dynasty
| Southern Song dynasty, Yuan dynasty
|
| playwright
| playwright
|  
|  
Line 1,898: Line 1,729:
| China
| China
| Yuan dynasty
| Yuan dynasty
|
| playwright
| playwright
|  
|  
Line 1,908: Line 1,738:
| China
| China
| Jurchen Jin dynasty, Yuan dynasty
| Jurchen Jin dynasty, Yuan dynasty
|
| playwright, poet
| playwright, poet
|  
|  
Line 1,920: Line 1,749:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 1,936: Line 1,763:
| France
| France
| middle House of Capet
| middle House of Capet
|
| composer
| composer
| ars antiqua
| ars antiqua
Line 1,945: Line 1,771:
| France
| France
| middle House of Capet
| middle House of Capet
|
| composer
| composer
| ars antiqua
| ars antiqua
Line 1,954: Line 1,779:
| Germany
| Germany
| middle Holy Roman Empire
| middle Holy Roman Empire
|
| lyrical poet
| lyrical poet
|  
|  
Line 1,965: Line 1,789:
| China
| China
| Southern Song dynasty
| Southern Song dynasty
|
| calligrapher, general, poet
| calligrapher, general, poet
|  
|  
Line 1,975: Line 1,798:
| China
| China
| Northern Song dynasty, Southern Song dynasty
| Northern Song dynasty, Southern Song dynasty
|
| geographer, poet, politician
| geographer, poet, politician
|  
|  
Line 1,985: Line 1,807:
| China
| China
| Northern Song dynasty, Southern Song dynasty
| Northern Song dynasty, Southern Song dynasty
| official
| historian, poet
| historian, poet
|  
|  
Line 1,995: Line 1,816:
| China
| China
| Southern Song dynasty
| Southern Song dynasty
| official
| poet, politician
| poet, politician
|  
|  
Line 2,007: Line 1,827:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,023: Line 1,841:
| Germany
| Germany
| Holy Roman Empire in High Middle Ages
| Holy Roman Empire in High Middle Ages
| lower noble
| abbess, writer, composer, philosopher
| abbess, writer, composer, philosopher
|  
|  
Line 2,034: Line 1,851:
| France
| France
| middle House of Capet
| middle House of Capet
| minor noble
| philosopher, logician, theologian, poet, composer, musician
| philosopher, logician, theologian, poet, composer, musician
|  
|  
Line 2,044: Line 1,860:
| Iraq
| Iraq
| Buyid and Seljuq control
| Buyid and Seljuq control
|
| scholar, calligrapher
| scholar, calligrapher
|  
|  
Line 2,053: Line 1,868:
| China
| China
| Northern Song dynasty
| Northern Song dynasty
| official
| economist, philosopher, poet, politician
| economist, philosopher, poet, politician
| Classical Prose Movement
| Classical Prose Movement
Line 2,063: Line 1,877:
| China
| China
| Northern Song dynasty, Southern Song dynasty
| Northern Song dynasty, Southern Song dynasty
| official
| poet, essayist
| poet, essayist
|  
|  
Line 2,073: Line 1,886:
| China
| China
| Northern Song dynasty
| Northern Song dynasty
| general
| painter, poet, calligrapher
| painter, poet, calligrapher
|  
|  
Line 2,083: Line 1,895:
| China
| China
| Northern Song dynasty
| Northern Song dynasty
| official
| essayist, historian, poet, calligrapher, politician, epigrapher
| essayist, historian, poet, calligrapher, politician, epigrapher
| Classical Prose Movement
| Classical Prose Movement
Line 2,093: Line 1,904:
| China
| China
| Northern Song dynasty
| Northern Song dynasty
| noble
| calligrapher, painter, poet
| calligrapher, painter, poet
|  
|  
Line 2,103: Line 1,913:
| China
| China
| Northern Song dynasty
| Northern Song dynasty
| official
| essayist, historian, poet, politician, writer
| essayist, historian, poet, politician, writer
| Classical Prose Movement
| Classical Prose Movement
Line 2,113: Line 1,922:
| China
| China
| middle Song dynasty
| middle Song dynasty
| peasant
| calligrapher, politician, structural engineer, poet
| calligrapher, politician, structural engineer, poet
|  
|  
Line 2,123: Line 1,931:
| China
| China
| Northern Song dynasty
| Northern Song dynasty
|
| writer
| writer
|  
|  
Line 2,133: Line 1,940:
| China
| China
| Northern Song dynasty
| Northern Song dynasty
| literati
| poet, writer, politician, calligrapher, painter, pharmacologist, gastronome
| poet, writer, politician, calligrapher, painter, pharmacologist, gastronome
|  
|  
Line 2,145: Line 1,951:
| China
| China
| Northern Song dynasty
| Northern Song dynasty
| literati
| essayist, historian, poet, politician
| essayist, historian, poet, politician
|  
|  
Line 2,157: Line 1,962:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,174: Line 1,977:
| Iraq
| Iraq
| Buyid and Seljuq control
| Buyid and Seljuq control
|
| calligrapher, illuminator
| calligrapher, illuminator
|  
|  
Line 2,184: Line 1,986:
| Chiina
| Chiina
| Southern Tang kingdom, Northern Song dynasty
| Southern Tang kingdom, Northern Song dynasty
|
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 2,194: Line 1,995:
| China
| China
| Northern Song dynasty
| Northern Song dynasty
| official
| poet, politician, philosopher, writer, military strategist
| poet, politician, philosopher, writer, military strategist
|  
|  
Line 2,204: Line 2,004:
| Japan
| Japan
| middle Heian period
| middle Heian period
| scholar and poet
| writer, poet, lady-in-waiting
| writer, poet, lady-in-waiting
|  
|  
Line 2,215: Line 2,014:
| China
| China
| Southern Tang kingdom, Northern Song dynasty
| Southern Tang kingdom, Northern Song dynasty
|
| painter, official
| painter, official
| Southern School
| Southern School
Line 2,225: Line 2,023:
| Japan
| Japan
| middle Heian period
| middle Heian period
| noble
| novelist, poet, lady-in-waiting
| novelist, poet, lady-in-waiting
|  
|  
Line 2,237: Line 2,034:
| China
| China
| late Tang dynasty, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
| late Tang dynasty, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
|
| painter
| painter
| Northern School
| Northern School
Line 2,249: Line 2,045:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,266: Line 2,060:
| Iraq
| Iraq
| fracture of Abbasid Caliphate
| fracture of Abbasid Caliphate
|
| vizier, calligrapher
| vizier, calligrapher
|  
|  
Line 2,275: Line 2,068:
| Korea
| Korea
| late Unified Silla
| late Unified Silla
| yukdupum
| philosopher, poet
| philosopher, poet
|  
|  
Line 2,285: Line 2,077:
| China
| China
| late Tang dynasty
| late Tang dynasty
| royal house
| poet, politician
| poet, politician
|  
|  
Line 2,295: Line 2,086:
| China
| China
| late Tang dynasty
| late Tang dynasty
| noble
| poet
| poet
|  
|  
Line 2,305: Line 2,095:
| China
| China
| late Tang dynasty, Later Liang dynasty
| late Tang dynasty, Later Liang dynasty
|
| painter, art theorist
| painter, art theorist
|  
|  
Line 2,317: Line 2,106:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,334: Line 2,121:
| China
| China
| middle Tang dynasty
| middle Tang dynasty
| noble
| novelist, poet, politician
| novelist, poet, politician
| New Yuefu Movement
| New Yuefu Movement
Line 2,344: Line 2,130:
| China
| China
| middle Tang dynasty
| middle Tang dynasty
|
| poet, official
| poet, official
| New Yuefu Movement
| New Yuefu Movement
Line 2,354: Line 2,139:
| China
| China
| middle Tang dynasty
| middle Tang dynasty
| official
| poet, politician
| poet, politician
|  
|  
Line 2,364: Line 2,148:
| China
| China
| middle Tang dynasty
| middle Tang dynasty
| businessman
| poet
| poet
|  
|  
Line 2,374: Line 2,157:
| China
| China
| middle Tang dynasty
| middle Tang dynasty
| official
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 2,384: Line 2,166:
| China
| China
| middle Tang dynasty
| middle Tang dynasty
|
| calligrapher
| calligrapher
|  
|  
Line 2,394: Line 2,175:
| China
| China
| middle Tang dynasty
| middle Tang dynasty
| noble
| writer, politician, poet
| writer, politician, poet
| Classical Prose Movement
| Classical Prose Movement
Line 2,404: Line 2,184:
| China
| China
| middle Tang dynasty
| middle Tang dynasty
|
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 2,414: Line 2,193:
| China
| China
| middle Tang dynasty
| middle Tang dynasty
|
| poet, philosopher, essayist
| poet, philosopher, essayist
|  
|  
Line 2,424: Line 2,202:
| China
| China
| middle Tang dynasty
| middle Tang dynasty
| official
| scholar, poet, official
| scholar, poet, official
| Classical Prose Movement
| Classical Prose Movement
Line 2,434: Line 2,211:
| China
| China
| middle Tang dynasty
| middle Tang dynasty
|
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 2,444: Line 2,220:
| China
| China
| middle Tang dynasty
| middle Tang dynasty
| official
| calligrapher, military general, politician
| calligrapher, military general, politician
|  
|  
Line 2,456: Line 2,231:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,473: Line 2,246:
| China
| China
| early Tang dynasty
| early Tang dynasty
| scholar
| poet
| poet
|  
|  
Line 2,483: Line 2,255:
| China
| China
| middle Tang dynasty
| middle Tang dynasty
| aristocrat
| poet, musician, painter, politician
| poet, musician, painter, politician
| Southern School
| Southern School
Line 2,493: Line 2,264:
| China
| China
| middle Tang dynasty
| middle Tang dynasty
|
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 2,503: Line 2,273:
| China
| China
| early Tang dynasty
| early Tang dynasty
|
| poet, politician
| poet, politician
|  
|  
Line 2,513: Line 2,282:
| China
| China
| early Tang dynasty
| early Tang dynasty
|
| poet
| poet
|  
|  
Line 2,523: Line 2,291:
| China
| China
| early Tang dynasty
| early Tang dynasty
|
| poet
| poet
|  
|  
Line 2,533: Line 2,300:
| China
| China
| early Tang dynasty
| early Tang dynasty
|
| poet
| poet
|  
|  
Line 2,545: Line 2,311:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,562: Line 2,326:
| Ethiopia
| Ethiopia
| middle Kingdom of Aksum
| middle Kingdom of Aksum
|
| composer
| composer
|  
|  
Line 2,572: Line 2,335:
| Chiina
| Chiina
| Southern Chen dynasty, early Tang dynasty
| Southern Chen dynasty, early Tang dynasty
| official
| calligrapher, politician, writer
| calligrapher, politician, writer
|  
|  
Line 2,584: Line 2,346:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,603: Line 2,363:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,620: Line 2,378:
| China
| China
| Western Jin dynasty, Eastern Jin dynasty
| Western Jin dynasty, Eastern Jin dynasty
| noble
| calligrapher, politician
| calligrapher, politician
|  
|  
Line 2,630: Line 2,387:
| China
| China
| Western Jin dynasty, Eastern Jin dynasty
| Western Jin dynasty, Eastern Jin dynasty
| noble
| calligrapher, politician, writer
| calligrapher, politician, writer
|  
|  
Line 2,640: Line 2,396:
| China
| China
| Eastern Jin dynasty, Liu Song dynasty
| Eastern Jin dynasty, Liu Song dynasty
| official
| poet, politician
| poet, politician
|  
|  
Line 2,650: Line 2,405:
| China
| China
| Eastern Jin dynasty
| Eastern Jin dynasty
| official
| painter
| painter
|  
|  
Line 2,662: Line 2,416:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,681: Line 2,433:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,700: Line 2,450:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,716: Line 2,464:
| Rome
| Rome
| early Roman Empire
| early Roman Empire
|
| poet
| poet
|  
|  
Line 2,726: Line 2,473:
| Rome
| Rome
| Julio-Claudian dynasty, Year of the Four Emperors, Flavian dynasty, Year of the Five Emperors, Nerva–Antonine dynasty
| Julio-Claudian dynasty, Year of the Four Emperors, Flavian dynasty, Year of the Five Emperors, Nerva–Antonine dynasty
|
| lawyer, author, magistrate
| lawyer, author, magistrate
|  
|  
Line 2,739: Line 2,485:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,755: Line 2,499:
| Rome
| Rome
| late Roman Republic
| late Roman Republic
| equites
| poet
| poet
| Neoteric
| Neoteric
Line 2,765: Line 2,508:
| Rome
| Rome
| Julio-Claudian dynasty
| Julio-Claudian dynasty
| equites
| philosopher, statesman, dramatist
| philosopher, statesman, dramatist
|  
|  
Line 2,775: Line 2,517:
| Rome
| Rome
| Julio-Claudian dynasty
| Julio-Claudian dynasty
|
| poet
| poet
|  
|  
Line 2,785: Line 2,526:
| Rome
| Rome
| late Roman Republic, Julio-Claudian dynasty
| late Roman Republic, Julio-Claudian dynasty
|
| poet
| poet
| Augustan
| Augustan
Line 2,795: Line 2,535:
| Rome
| Rome
| late Roman Republic, Julio-Claudian dynasty
| late Roman Republic, Julio-Claudian dynasty
|
| lyric poet
| lyric poet
|  
|  
Line 2,808: Line 2,547:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,827: Line 2,564:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,846: Line 2,581:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,860: Line 2,593:
|-
|-
| Μένανδρος
| Μένανδρος
''Meandros''
''Menandros''
| Greece
| Greece
| Classical Greece, Hellenistic Greece (342 BC - 291 BC)
| Classical Greece, Hellenistic Greece
| general and governor
| dramatist
| dramatist
| New Comedy
| New Comedy
|
|
* [https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/Συγγραφέας:Μένανδρος https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/]
* https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/Συγγραφέας:Μένανδρος
* Συγγραφέας: Μένανδρος
|-
|-
| 屈原
| 屈原
Line 2,874: Line 2,605:
| Chu
| Chu
| Warring States
| Warring States
| royal clan
| poet, politician
| poet, politician
|  
|  
Line 2,886: Line 2,616:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,903: Line 2,631:
| Greece
| Greece
| Classical Greece
| Classical Greece
|
| comic playwright
| comic playwright
| Old Comedy
| Old Comedy
Line 2,913: Line 2,640:
| Greece
| Greece
| Archaic Greece
| Archaic Greece
| retailer
| tragedian
| tragedian
|  
|  
Line 2,923: Line 2,649:
| Greece
| Greece
| Archaic Greece
| Archaic Greece
|
| tragedian
| tragedian
|  
|  
Line 2,935: Line 2,660:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,952: Line 2,675:
| Greece
| Greece
| Archaic Greece
| Archaic Greece
| noble
| tragedian, soldier
| tragedian, soldier
|  
|  
Line 2,963: Line 2,685:
| Greece
| Greece
| Archaic Greece
| Archaic Greece
|
| lyric poet
| lyric poet
|  
|  
Line 2,976: Line 2,697:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 2,993: Line 2,712:
| Greece
| Greece
| Archaic Greece
| Archaic Greece
| c. 620 BC - 564 BC (Athens
| fabulist, storyteller  
 
|
Many of the tales associated with him are characterized by anthropomorphic animal characters.
|  Aesop's Fables.  
| fabulist, storyteller
 
(parable or allegory)
|
|
* https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/Συγγραφέας:Αίσωπος
* https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/Συγγραφέας:Αίσωπος
Line 3,008: Line 2,722:
| Greece
| Greece
| Archaic Greece
| Archaic Greece
| Eresos or Mytilene, Lesbos
| poet
 
|  
(630 – c. 570 BC)
| poetess
|  lyric poetry
|
|
* https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/Συγγραφέας:Σαπφώ
* https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/Συγγραφέας:Σαπφώ
* https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/sappho
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sappho
|}
|}


Line 3,024: Line 2,733:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 3,041: Line 2,748:
| Greece
| Greece
| Archaic Greece
| Archaic Greece
|
| poet
| poet
|  
|  
Line 3,052: Line 2,758:
| Greece
| Greece
| Greek Dark Ages, Archaic Greece
| Greek Dark Ages, Archaic Greece
|
| poet
| poet
|  
|  
Line 3,065: Line 2,770:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 3,084: Line 2,787:
! region
! region
! period
! period
! family background
! title
! title
! style
! style
! link to works
! link to works
|-
|-
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 3,097: Line 2,798:
|  
|  
|}
|}
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Basics-of-Economy|Basics of Economy]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Elements-of-Traditional-Architectures:-Western-Europe|Elements of Traditional Architectures: Western Europe]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Difficulties-of-languages|Difficulties of languages]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Internet-Dictionaries|Internet Dictionaries]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Philosophical-and-Religious-Texts|Philosophical and Religious Texts]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Major-Political-Parties-and-Religions|Major Political Parties and Religions]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Techniques-for-learning-languages|Techniques for learning languages]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Cultural-differences-by-country|Cultural differences by country]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Timelines-by-Country|Timelines by Country]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Unrealistic-War-Films-and-TV-Series|Unrealistic War Films and TV Series]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Introduction-to-Writing-Systems|Introduction to Writing Systems]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Different-ways-to-greet-in-the-world|Different ways to greet in the world]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Internet-Courses|Internet Courses]]
* [[Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Websites-of-DIY-Procedures|Websites of DIY Procedures]]
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 14:01, 27 March 2023

World-artists-history-polyglotclub.jpg

This is a list of artists (including writers, musicians, etc.) in different times around the world.

Don't forget to use Tor Browser and set the exit node if they don't show you for the geographical reason.

Not all are good for kids or adolescents: some have sexual content, some have radical thoughts.

In progress.

Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson: Difficulties of languages, Numeration Tutorial, Data of Living Conditions & Online Specialized Dictionaries.

20th Century[edit | edit source]

name region period title style link to works
Albert Camus Algeria, France French Algeria, French Third Republic, Vichy France, Provisional Government of the French Republic, French Fourth Republic, French Fifth Republic philosopher, author, journalist Absurdism
Alberto Pincherle (Alberto Moravia) Italy Kingdom of Italy, World War II, Italian Republic novelist and journalist
Andy Warhol United States of America Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-War Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era painter, film director, film producer Pop Art
Arthur Charles Clarke England, Sri Lanka World War I, Interwar period, World War II, Post-war period, Dominion of Ceylon, Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka writer, futurist, inventor, undersea explorer, television series host
Eric Arthur Blair (George Orwell) India, Burma, England, France, Spain British Raj, British rule in Burma, Interwar, French Third Republic, Spanish Civil War, World War II, Post-war Britain novelist, essayist, journalist, literary critic
Franklin Patrick Herbert United States of America Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-War Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era novelist New Wave
Gabriel García Márquez Colombia, Mexico Liberal and Conservative Conflict, National Front regime, "Revolution to evolution", Economic crisis in Mexico, Ernesto Zedillo, Vicente Fox Quesada, Felipe Calderón Hinojosa, Enrique Peña Nieto novelist, short-story writer, screenwriter, journalist Latin American Boom, Magic Realism
Isaac Asimov Russia, United States of America Russian Revolution, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era writer, professor
Jerome David Salinger United States of America World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era, modern day writer
Louis Daniel Armstrong United States of America Progressive Era, World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era musician, singer
Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calderón Mexico, United States of America Mexican Revolution, Consolidation of revolution, Great Depression, Consolidation of revolution, "Revolution to evolution" painter Surrealism, Magic Realism, Naïve
Michael Joseph Jackson United States of America Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era, Modern day singer, songwriter, dancer, record producer
Οδυσσέας Ελύτης (Οδυσσέας Αλεπουδέλλης)

Odysseas Elytis (Odysseas Alepoudellis)

Greece, France World War I, Greco-Turkish War, Interwar, World War II, Greek Civil War, Post-war Greece, French Fourth Republic, French Fourth Republic, Military dictatorship in Greece, Third Hellenic Republic poet, essayist, translator Romantic Modernism
Paul Jackson Pollock United States of America Progressive Era, World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era painter Abstract Expressionism
Philip Kindred Dick United States of America Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-War Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era novelist, short-story writer, essayist Postmodernism
Primo Michele Levi Italy Kingdom of Italy, World War II, Italian Republic chemist, partisan, Holocaust survivor and writer
Ray Douglas Bradbury United States of America Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era writer
Roald Dahl England World War I, Interwar, World War II, Post-war period novelist, short-story writer, poet, screenwriter, fighter pilot
Robert Anson Heinlein United States of America Progressive Era, World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era writer, aeronautical engineer, naval officer
Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech Spain, France, United States of America Bourbon Restoration in Spain, French Third Republic, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war Era, Francoist Spain, Post-Franco Spain painter, photographer, sculptor, writer Cubism, Dada, Surrealism
Thomas Leo Clancy United States of America Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era novelist
Umberto Eco Italy Fascist Italy, World War II, Italian Republic medievalist, philosopher, semiotician, cultural critic, commentator, novelist
Александр Исаевич Солженицын

Aleksandr Isayevich Solzhenitsyn

Russia, United States of America Russian Revolution, Soviet Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era in the USA, Russian Federation novelist, essayist, historian
ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤਾ ਸ਼ੇਰਗਿਲ

Amrita Sher-Gil

Hungary, India, France Hungarian Republic, Kingdom of Hungary, British Raj, French Third Republic painter
平岡公威 (三島由紀夫)

Hiraoka Kimitake (Mishima Yukio)

Japan Taishō period, Shōwa financial crisis, Growth of militarism, World War II, Allied Occupation of Japan, Japanese economic miracle novelist, playwright, poet, short-story writer, essayist, critic Romanticism, Aestheticism
查良鏞 (金庸) / Louis Cha

Zha Liangyong (Jin Yong)

China Republic of China, British Hong Kong, People's Republic of China novelist, essayist, newspaper founder, newspaper editor
張愛玲 / Eileen Chang

Chang Ai-ling

China, United States of America Republic of China, British Hong Kong, Post-war Era, Civil Rights Era, Reagan Era, Post-Cold War Era novelist, essayist, playwright, screenwriter, short-story writer
遠藤周作

Endō Shūsaku

Japan Taishō period, Shōwa period, Heisei period writer

19th Century[edit | edit source]

name region period title style link to works
Achille-Claude Debussy France, Italy Second French Empire, French Third Republic, Kingdom of Italy composer Impressionism
Agatha Christie England Victorian era, Edwardian era, World War I, Interwar, World War II, Postwar era novelist, short-story writer, playwright, poet, memoirist Golden Age of Detective Fiction
Alexandre César Léopold Bizet (Georges Bizet) France, Italy July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, Unification of Italy, French Third Republic composer Romanticism
Alexandre Dumas France First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire novelist, playwright Romanticism, Historical Fiction
Amantine Lucile Aurore Dupin (George Sand) France First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Third Republic novelist, memoirist, journalist Romanticism, Pastoralism
Antonín Leopold Dvořák Bohemia, United States of America Austrian Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire, Gilded Age composer Romanticism
Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle England Victorian era, Edwardian era, World War I, Interwar writer, physician
Charles-Camille Saint-Saëns France July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Third Republic composer, organist, conductor, pianist Romanticism
Charles John Huffam Dickens England, United States of America, France Georgian era, Jacksonian democracy, July Monarchy, Victorian era, Reconstruction era writer, social critic
Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (Lewis Carroll) England Victorian era writer, illustrator, poet, mathematician, photographer, teacher, inventor
Charles Spencer Chaplin England, United States of America, Switzerland Victorian era, Edwardian era, Progressive Era, World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, Post-war United States of America, Post-war Switzerland actor, comedian, film director, composer, screenwriter, film producer, film editor
Clive Staples Lewis England Victorian era, Edwardian era, World War I, Interwar, World War II, Post-war era novelist, scholar, broadcaster
Edgar Allan Poe United States of America Jeffersonian Era, Era of Good Feelings, Jacksonian Era writer, poet, editor, literary critic
Edvard Munch Norway, Germany, France United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, Wilhelm II, French Third Republic, Interwar Independence of Norway, German occupation of Norway painter Expressionism, Symbolism
Émile Édouard Charles Antoine Zola Italy, France Unification of Italy, Second French Empire, French Third Republic novelist, journalist, playwright, poet Naturalism
Eric Alfred Leslie Satie France Second French Empire, French Third Republic composer, pianist
Francis Jean Marcel Poulenc France French Third Republic, Vichy France, Provisional Government of the French Republic, French Fourth Republic, French Fifth Republic composer, pianist
Franz Kafka Bohemia Austro-Hungarian Empire, First Czechoslovak Republic novelist, short-story writer, insurance officer Modernism
Gabriele D'Annunzio Italy Kingdom of Italy poet, playwright, orator, journalist, aristocrat, army officer Decadent Movement
Grant DeVolson Wood United States of America Gilded Age, Progressive Era, World War I, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II painter Regionalism
Gustave Flaubert France Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Third Republic novelist Realism, Romanticism
Hans Christian Andersen Denmark Denmark–Norway, nationalist and liberalist movements, industrialisation writer
Hamid Aytaç Turkey decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire, dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, Republic of Turkey calligrapher
Hattat Mehmet Sâmi Efendi Turkey decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire calligrapher
Herbert George Wells England Victorian era, Edwardian era, World War I, Interwar period, World War II, Post-war era novelist, teacher, historian, journalist
Henri Émile Benoît Matisse France Second French Empire, French Third Republic, Vichy France, Provisional Government of the French Republic, French Fourth Republic painter, draughtsman, printmaker, sculptor Fauvism
Henri René Albert Guy de Maupassant France French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Third Republic novelist, short story writer, poet Naturalism, Realism
John Ronald Reuel Tolkien Orange Free State, England Orange Free State, Victorian Era, Edwardian Era, World War I, Interwar, World War II, Post-war Era writer, academic, philologist, poet
Joseph Maurice Ravel France French Third Republic composer, pianist, conductor Impressionism
Jules Gabriel Verne France Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Third Republic novelist, poet, playwright Avant-garde, Surrealism
Louis-Hector Berlioz France, Italy French First Republic, First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, Unification of Italy, July Monarchy, French Second Republic composer, conductor Romanticism
Mehmed Şevki Efendi Turkey decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire calligrapher
Mehmet Âkif Ersoy Turkey decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire, dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, Turkish War of Independence, Government of the Grand National Assembly, One-party period of the Republic of Turkey poet, writer, academic, politician The Republican Era
Oscar-Claude Monet France, Algeria July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, French Algeria, French Third Republic painter Impressionism
Pablo Ruiz Picasso Spain, France Bourbon Restoration in Spain, French Third Republic, Vichy France, Provisional Government of the French Republic, French Fourth Republic, French Fifth Republic painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, theatre designer Cubism, Surrealism
Samuel Langhorne Clemens (Mark Twain) United States of America Jacksonian Era, Civil War Era, Reconstruction Era, Gilded Age, Progressive Era writer, humorist, entrepreneur, publisher, lecturer
Valentin Louis Georges Eugène Marcel Proust France French Third Republic novelist, critic, essayist
Victor-Marie Hugo France, Channel Islands French First Republic, First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire, Second French Empire, French Third Republic, Victorian Era poet, novelist, essayist, playwright, dramatist Romanticism
Vincent Willem van Gogh Netherlands, France democratic and industrial development in Netherlands, French Third Republic painter Post-Impressionism
Wilhelm Richard Wagner Germany, Switzerland, Italy, France, England Confederation of the Rhine, German Confederation, industrialisation and economic growth in Switzerland, unification of Italy, Second French Empire, German Empire composer, theatre director, polemicist, conductor
Александр Сергеевич Пушкин

Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin

Russia late Russian Empire poet, novelist, playwright Romanticism, Realism
Антон Павлович Чехов

Anton Pavlovich Chekhov

Russia late Russian Empire physician, short-story writer, playwright Modernism
Владимир Владимирович Набоков

Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov

Russia, Germany, United States of America, Switzerland late Russian Empire, Russian Revolution, Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, World War II in the USA, Post-war Era in the USA, Post-war Switzerland novelist, poet, translator, and entomologist Modernism, Post-Modernism
Иван Сергеевич Тургенев

Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev

Russia late Russian Empire novelist, short-story writer, poet, playwright, translator Realism
Лев Николаевич Толстой

Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy

Russia late Russian Empire novelist, short-story writer, playwright, essayist Realism
Микола Васильович Гоголь / Николай Васильевич Гоголь

Mykola Vasyl'ovych Hohol / Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol'

Ukraine / Russia late Russian Empire Playwright, short-story writer, novelist Surrealism
Михаил Афанасьевич Булгаков

Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov

Russia late Russian Empire, Russian Revolution, Establishment of the USSR, Stalinism novelist, short-story writer, playwright, physician
Михаил Юрьевич Лермонтов

Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov

Russia late Russian Empire writer, poet, painter Romanticism, Pre-Realism
Пётр Ильич Чайковский

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

Russia late Russian Empire composer Romanticism
Фёдор Михайлович Достоевский

Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky

Russia late Russian Empire military engineer, novelist, journalist Realism
Νίκος Καζαντζάκης

Nikos Kazantzakis

Greece King George I, World War I, Greco-Turkish War, 11 September 1922 Revolution, Second Hellenic Republic, 4th of August Regime, World War II, Greek Civil War, Post-war Greece writer
অবনীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর

Abanindranath Tagore

India British Raj, Union of India, Republic of India painter Bengal School
নন্দলাল বসু

Nandalal Bose

India British Raj, Union of India, Republic of India painter Contextual Modernism
যামিনী রায়

Jamini Roy

India British Raj, Union of India, Republic of India painter
രാജാ രവിവർമ്മ

Raja Ravi Varma

India Kingdom of Travancore painter
이광수 [李光洙]

Yi Kwang-su

Korea late Joseon period, Korean Empire, Korea under Japanese rule, Provisional Government of Korea, Division of Korea novelist, activist
장승업 [張承業] (오원 [吾園])

Jang Seung-eop (Owon)

Korea late Jeoson period painter
최남선 [崔南善]

Choe Nam-seon

Korea late Joseon period, Korean Empire, Korea under Japanese rule, Provisional Government of Korea, Division of Korea historian, poet, publisher
川端康成

Kawabata Yasunari

Japan Meiji period, Taishō period, Shōwa financial crisis, Growth of militarism, World War II, Allied Occupation of Japan, Japanese economic miracle novelist, short-story writer, essayist Shinkankakuha
任頤 (任伯年)

Ren Yi (Ren Bonian)

China late Qing dynasty painter Shanghai School
吳昌碩

Wu Changshuo

China late Qing dynasty, Republic of China painter, calligrapher, seal artist Shanghai School
谷崎潤一郎

Tanizaki Jun'ichirō

Japan Meiji period, Taishō period, Shōwa financial crisis, Growth of militarism, World War II, Allied Occupation of Japan, Japanese economic miracle writer Aestheticism
周樹人 (魯迅)

Zhou Shuren (Lu Xun)

China late Qing dynasty, Republic of China essayist, short-story writer, critic New Culture Movement
夏目金之助 (夏目漱石)

Natsume Kin'nosuke (Natsume Sōseki)

Japan, England Meiji period, Edwardian Era, Taishō period novelist, essayist, critic Yoyūha, Anti-Naturalism
徐悲鴻

Xu Beihong

China, France late Qing dynasty, Republic of China, French Third Republic, socialist transformation painter
張大千

Chang Dai-chien

China late Qing dynasty, Republic of China, Taiwan under martial law, democratic reforms in Taiwan painter Impressionism, Expressionism
齊純芝 (齊白石)

Qi Chunzhi (Qi Baishi)

China late Qing dynasty, Republic of China, socialist transformation painter

18th Century[edit | edit source]

name region period title style link to works
Alessandro Francesco Tommaso Antonio Manzoni Italy Age of Enlightenment, Napoleonic Era, Unification of Italy poet, novelist and philosopher Enlightenment, Romanticism
Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix France French First Republic, First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic, Second French Empire painter, lithographer Romanticism
Franz Joseph Haydn Austria, England late Holy Roman Empire, Georgian era composer Classicism
Hammâmîzâde İsmâil Dede Efendi Turkey Ottoman Old Regime, decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire composer
Honoré de Balzac France French First Republic, First French Empire, Bourbon Restoration, July Monarchy, French Second Republic writer, critic, journalist, printer Realism
Jane Austen England Georgian era novelist
Ludwig van Beethoven Germany late Holy Roman Empire composer, pianist Classicism, Romanticism
Mustafa Râkım Turkey Ottoman Old Regime, decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire calligrapher
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Germany, Italy late Holy Roman Empire, Italy in 18th century composer Classicism
신윤복 [申潤福] (혜원 [蕙園])

Sin Yun-bok (Hyewon)

Korea late Joseon period painter
曹雪芹

Cao Xueqin

China middle Qing dynasty novelist, poet, philosopher, painter

17th Century[edit | edit source]

name region period title style link to works
Antonio Lucio Vivaldi Italy Age of Enlightenment composer, violinist, teacher, impresario, priest Baroque
Artemisia Gentileschi Italy Counter-Reformation in Italy, economic and social decline in Italy painter Baroque
François-Marie Arouet (Voltaire) France late Bourbon kings writer, philosopher, historian
Hâfiz Osman Turkey Transformation of the Ottoman Empire calligrapher
Johann Sebastian Bach Germany late Holy Roman Empire composer Baroque
Johannes Vermeer Netherlands Republic of the Seven United Netherlands painter Dutch Golden Age, Baroque
Levnî Abdülcelil Çelebi Turkey Transformation of the Ottoman Empire painter
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn Netherlands Republic of the Seven United Netherlands painter, printmaker, draughtsman Dutch Golden Age, Baroque
김만중 [金萬重]

Kim Man-jung

Korea late Joseon period novelist, politician
王原祁

Wang Yuanqi

China early Qing dynasty, middle Qing dynasty official, painter
王翬

Wang Hui

China late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty painter
平山藤五 (井原西鶴)

Hirayama Tōgo (Saikaku Ihara)

Japan early Edo period writer Ukiyo-zōshi
石濤

Shitao

China early Qing dynasty monk, calligrapher, painter
朱耷 (八大山人)

Zhu Da (Bada Shanren)

China late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty painter
吳歷

Wu Li

China late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty painter, poet, calligrapher
松尾金作 (松尾芭蕉)

Matsuo Kinsaku (Matsuo Bashō)

Japan early Edo period poet Shōfū Haikai
惲壽平

Yun Shouping

China late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty calligrapher, painter
鄭燮 (鄭板橋)

Zheng Xie (Zheng Banqiao)

China middle Qing dynasty official, painter

16th Century[edit | edit source]

name region period title style link to works
Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez Spain, Italy middle Habsburg Spain, Counter-Reformation in Italy painter Baroque
Georges de La Tour France early House of Bourbon painter Baroque
Gerard van Honthorst Netherlands, Italy Eighty Years' War, Counter-Reformation in Itay painter Baroque
Gian Lorenzo Bernini Italy Counter-Reformation in Italy sculptor, architect Baroque
Michelangelo Merisi (Caravaggio) Italy Counter-Reformation in Italy painter Baroque
Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra Spain middle Habsburg Spain soldier, tax collector, accountant, purchasing agent for Navy
Peter Paul Rubens Germany, Flanders, Italy, France Reformation in Germany, Eighty Years' War, Counter-Reformation in Italy, middle House of Bourbon painter, diplomat Baroque
Seyyid Kasim Gubari Turkey decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire calligrapher
William Shakespeare England Elizabethan era, Jacobean era playwright. poet. actor English Renaissance
허균 [許筠]

Heo Gyun

Korea middle Joseon period novelist, poet, politician
王時敏

Wang Shimin

China late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty painter
王鑑

Wang Jian

China late Ming dynasty, early Qing dynasty painter
吳承恩

Wu Cheng'en

China middle Ming dynasty poet, novelist
董其昌

Dong Qichang

China late Ming dynasty painter, calligrapher, politician, art theorist

15th Century[edit | edit source]

name region period title style link to works
John Dunstaple England late House of Plantagenet composer Burgundian School
Leonardo da Vinci Italy, France Italian Renaissance, Valois-Angoulême painter, draughtsman, engineer, scientist, theorist, sculptor, architect High Renaissance
Ludovico Ariosto Italy Italian Renaissance poet Renaissance Humanism
Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni Italy Italian Renaissance sculptor, painter, architect, poet High Renaissance
Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli Italy Republic of Florence diplomat, author, philosopher, historian
Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino Italy Italian Renaissance painter, architect High Renaissance
Şeyh Hamdullah Turkey rise of the Ottoman Empire, Classical Age calligrapher
Дионисий

Dionisius

Russia late Grand Duchy of Moscow painter
김시습 [金時習]

Kim Si-seup

Korea early Joseon period scholar, writer
仇英

Qiu Ying

China middle Ming dynasty painter
文壁 (文徵明)

Wen Bi (Wen Zhengming)

China middle Ming dynasty painter, calligrapher, poet Wu School, Southern School
沈周

Shen Zhou

China middle Ming dynasty painter Wu School, Southern School
祝允明 (祝枝山)

Zhu Yunming (Zhu Zhishan)

China middle Ming dynasty calligrapher, poet, writer, scholar-official
徐禎卿

Xu Zhenqing

China middle Ming dynasty writer
唐寅 (唐伯虎)

Tang Yin (Tang Bohu)

China middle Ming dynasty painter, calligrapher, poet

14th Century[edit | edit source]

name region period title style link to works
Francesco Landini Italy middle Republic of Florence composer, organist, singer, poet, instrument maker
Gilles Binchois France middle House of Valois composer Burgundian School
Giovanni Boccaccio Italy middle Republic of Florence writer, poet Renaissance Humanism
Jacopo da Bologna Italy middle Holy Roman Empire
Johannes Ciconia Flanders middle Holy Roman Empire composer, music theorist
Андрей Рублёв

Andrei Rublev

Russia late Eastern Roman Empire, Mongolian Invasion, rise of Muscovy painter
Θεοφάνης ο Έλληνας, Феофан Грек

Theophanes the Greek

Eastern Roman Empire, Russia late Eastern Roman Empire, Mongolian Invasion, rise of Muscovy painter Novgorod School
میرعلی تبریزی‎

Mir Ali Tabrizi

Iran rise of the Timurid Empire, stagnation of the Timurid Empire poet, calligrapher
王蒙

Wang Meng

China Yuan dynasty, early Ming dynasty painter Southern School
倪瓚

Ni Zan

China Yuan dynasty, early Ming dynasty painter Southern School
戴進

Dai Jin

China middle Ming dynasty painter Zhe School
羅本 (羅貫中)

Luo Be (Luo Guanzhong)

China Yuan dynasty, early Ming dynasty writer

13th Century[edit | edit source]

name region period title style link to works
Adam de la Halle France late House of Capet poet, musician
Dante Alighieri Italy middle Republic of Florence statesman, poet, writer, philosopher, language theorist, political theorist
Guillaume de Machaut France late House of Capet, early House of Valois composer, poet
John Koukouzelis Eastern Roman Empire late Eastern Roman Empire composer, singer
Philippe de Vitry France late House of Capet, early House of Valois composer, music theorist, poet
Piero (Maestro Piero) Italy middle Holy Roman Empire composer
یاقوت مستعصمی

Yaqut al-Musta'simi

Iraq Mongol invasion, Ilkhanate calligrapher
일연 [一然]

Il-yeon

Korea Goryeo military regime, Mongol invasions, late Goryeo monk, writer
王實甫

Wang Shifu

China Southern Song dynasty, Yuan dynasty playwright
白樸 (白仁甫)

Bai Pu (Bai Renfu)

China Jurchen Jin dynasty, Yuan dynasty playwright
吳鎮

Wu Zhen

China Yuan dynasty painter Southern School
施耐庵

Shi Nai'an

China Yuan dynasty, early Ming dynasty writer, teacher
黃公望

Huang Gongwang

China Southern Song dynasty, Yuan dynasty painter, poet, writer
趙孟頫

Zhao Mengfu

China Southern Song dynasty, Yuan dynasty calligrapher, painter, scholar
喬吉

Qiao Ji

China Southern Song dynasty, Yuan dynasty playwright
鄭光祖

Zheng Guangzu

China Yuan dynasty playwright
關漢卿

Guan Hanqing

China Jurchen Jin dynasty, Yuan dynasty playwright, poet

12th Century[edit | edit source]

name region period title style link to works
Léonin France middle House of Capet composer ars antiqua
Pérotin France middle House of Capet composer ars antiqua
Walther von der Vogelweide Germany middle Holy Roman Empire lyrical poet
辛棄疾

Xin Qiji

China Southern Song dynasty calligrapher, general, poet
范成大

Fan Chengda

China Northern Song dynasty, Southern Song dynasty geographer, poet, politician
陸游

Lu You

China Northern Song dynasty, Southern Song dynasty historian, poet
楊萬里

Yang Wanli

China Southern Song dynasty poet, politician

11th Century[edit | edit source]

name region period title style link to works
Hildegard von Bingen Germany Holy Roman Empire in High Middle Ages abbess, writer, composer, philosopher
Peter Abelard France middle House of Capet philosopher, logician, theologian, poet, composer, musician
أم محمد فخر النساء شهدة بنت أحمد الإبري الدينوري البغدادية

Fakhr-un-Nisa Shuhdah Umm Muhammad al-Baghdadiyyah

Iraq Buyid and Seljuq control scholar, calligrapher
王安石

Wang Anshi

China Northern Song dynasty economist, philosopher, poet, politician Classical Prose Movement
李清照

Li Qingzhao

China Northern Song dynasty, Southern Song dynasty poet, essayist
米芾

Mi Fu

China Northern Song dynasty painter, poet, calligrapher
歐陽修

Ouyang Xiu

China Northern Song dynasty essayist, historian, poet, calligrapher, politician, epigrapher Classical Prose Movement
黃庭堅

Huang Tingjian

China Northern Song dynasty calligrapher, painter, poet
曾鞏

Zeng Gong

China Northern Song dynasty essayist, historian, poet, politician, writer Classical Prose Movement
蔡襄

Cai Xiang

China middle Song dynasty calligrapher, politician, structural engineer, poet
蘇洵

Su Xun

China Northern Song dynasty writer
蘇軾 (蘇東坡)

Su Shi (Su Dongpo)

China Northern Song dynasty poet, writer, politician, calligrapher, painter, pharmacologist, gastronome
蘇轍

Su Zhe

China Northern Song dynasty essayist, historian, poet, politician

10th Century[edit | edit source]

name region period title style link to works
ابن البواب‎

Ibn al-Bawwab

Iraq Buyid and Seljuq control calligrapher, illuminator
巨然

Juran

Chiina Southern Tang kingdom, Northern Song dynasty painter
范仲淹

Fan Zhongyan

China Northern Song dynasty poet, politician, philosopher, writer, military strategist
清少納言

Sei Shōnagon

Japan middle Heian period writer, poet, lady-in-waiting
董源

Dong Yuan

China Southern Tang kingdom, Northern Song dynasty painter, official Southern School
紫式部

Murasaki Shikibu

Japan middle Heian period novelist, poet, lady-in-waiting
關仝

Guan Tong

China late Tang dynasty, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period painter Northern School

9th Century[edit | edit source]

name region period title style link to works
أبو علي محمد بن علي ابن مقلة‎

Abu Ali Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Muqla

Iraq fracture of Abbasid Caliphate vizier, calligrapher
최치원 [崔致遠]

Choe Chiwon

Korea late Unified Silla philosopher, poet
李商隱

Li Shangyin

China late Tang dynasty poet, politician
杜牧

Du Mu

China late Tang dynasty poet
荆浩

Jing Hao

China late Tang dynasty, Later Liang dynasty painter, art theorist

8th Century[edit | edit source]

name region period title style link to works
元稹

Yuan Zhen

China middle Tang dynasty novelist, poet, politician New Yuefu Movement
白居易

Bai Juyi

China middle Tang dynasty poet, official New Yuefu Movement
杜甫

Du Fu

China middle Tang dynasty poet, politician
李白

Li Bai

China middle Tang dynasty poet
周昉

Zhou Fang

China middle Tang dynasty painter
柳公權

Liu Gongquan

China middle Tang dynasty calligrapher
柳宗元

Liu Zongyuan

China middle Tang dynasty writer, politician, poet Classical Prose Movement
張萱

Zhang Xuan

China middle Tang dynasty painter
劉禹錫

Liu Yuxi

China middle Tang dynasty poet, philosopher, essayist
韓愈

Han Yu

China middle Tang dynasty scholar, poet, official Classical Prose Movement
韓幹

Han Gan

China middle Tang dynasty painter
顏真卿

Yan Zhenqing

China middle Tang dynasty calligrapher, military general, politician

7th Century[edit | edit source]

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王勃

Wang Bo

China early Tang dynasty poet
王維

Wang Wei

China middle Tang dynasty poet, musician, painter, politician Southern School
吳道子

Wu Daozi

China middle Tang dynasty painter
陳子昂

Chen Zi'ang

China early Tang dynasty poet, politician
楊炯

Yang Jiong

China early Tang dynasty poet
駱賓王

Luo Binwang

China early Tang dynasty poet
盧照鄰

Lu Zhaolin

China early Tang dynasty poet

6th Century[edit | edit source]

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ያሬድ

Yared

Ethiopia middle Kingdom of Aksum composer
歐陽詢

Ouyang Xun

Chiina Southern Chen dynasty, early Tang dynasty calligrapher, politician, writer

5th Century[edit | edit source]

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4th Century[edit | edit source]

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王獻之

Wang Xianzhi

China Western Jin dynasty, Eastern Jin dynasty calligrapher, politician
王羲之

Wang Xizhi

China Western Jin dynasty, Eastern Jin dynasty calligrapher, politician, writer
陶潛 (陶淵明)

Tao Qian (Tao Yuanming)

China Eastern Jin dynasty, Liu Song dynasty poet, politician
顧愷之

Gu Kaizhi

China Eastern Jin dynasty painter

3rd Century[edit | edit source]

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2nd Century[edit | edit source]

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1st Century[edit | edit source]

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Decimus Junius Juvenalis Rome early Roman Empire poet
Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus Rome Julio-Claudian dynasty, Year of the Four Emperors, Flavian dynasty, Year of the Five Emperors, Nerva–Antonine dynasty lawyer, author, magistrate

1st Century BC[edit | edit source]

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Gaius Valerius Catullus Rome late Roman Republic poet Neoteric
Lucius Annaeus Seneca minor Rome Julio-Claudian dynasty philosopher, statesman, dramatist
Publius Ovidius Naso Rome Julio-Claudian dynasty poet
Publius Vergilius Maro Rome late Roman Republic, Julio-Claudian dynasty poet Augustan
Quintus Horatius Flaccus Rome late Roman Republic, Julio-Claudian dynasty lyric poet

2nd Century BC[edit | edit source]

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3rd Century BC[edit | edit source]

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4th Century BC[edit | edit source]

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Μένανδρος

Menandros

Greece Classical Greece, Hellenistic Greece dramatist New Comedy
屈原

Qu Yuan

Chu Warring States poet, politician

5th Century BC[edit | edit source]

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Ἀριστοφάνης

Aristophanes

Greece Classical Greece comic playwright Old Comedy
Ευριπίδης

Euripides

Greece Archaic Greece tragedian
Σοφοκλῆς

Sophocles

Greece Archaic Greece tragedian

6th Century BC[edit | edit source]

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Αἰσχύλος

Aiskhylos

Greece Archaic Greece tragedian, soldier
Πίνδαρος

Pindaros

Greece Archaic Greece lyric poet

7th Century BC[edit | edit source]

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Αἴσωπος

Aisopos

Greece Archaic Greece fabulist, storyteller
Σαπφώ

Sappho

Greece Archaic Greece poet

8th Century BC[edit | edit source]

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Ἡσίοδος

Hesiodos

Greece Archaic Greece poet
Ὅμηρος

Homeros

Greece Greek Dark Ages, Archaic Greece poet

9th Century BC[edit | edit source]

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10th Century BC[edit | edit source]

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Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

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