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<div class="pg_page_title">Hindi Grammar - Plurals</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Hindi Grammar - Plurals</div>


Welcome to the Hindi Grammar lesson on Plurals! Plurals are an important part of any language, and Hindi is no exception. In this lesson, we will learn how to form plurals in Hindi, as well as some of the rules that govern them.  
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/hindi Hindi] learners! 😊<br>
In this lesson, we will learn about plurals in Hindi. Plurals are simple in Hindi, unlike other languages such as English where it can be quite complex. Let's start by understanding the basics.  


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== Overview ==


In Hindi, there are two main ways to form plurals: adding a suffix to the end of the word, or changing the word's ending. We will look at both of these methods in more detail below.  
<span link>Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson: [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/Imperative-Mood|Imperative Mood]], [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]], [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/Questions|Questions]] & [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/Verbs-and-Conjugation|Verbs and Conjugation]].</span>
== Singular and Plural ==


=== Adding a Suffix ===
In Hindi, singular nouns end with -आ, -ई, -ू, or a consonant sound. To form the plural, the ending changes to -एं.


The most common way to form plurals in Hindi is by adding a suffix to the end of the word. The suffix used depends on the gender of the noun being pluralized. For masculine nouns, the suffix is ओं (oṃ), while for feminine nouns, the suffix is इयाँ (iyāṃ).
For example:


For example, the masculine noun लड़का (laṛkā) means "boy", while the plural form लड़कों (laṛkoṃ) means "boys". Similarly, the feminine noun लड़की (laṛkī) means "girl", while the plural form लड़कियाँ (laṛkiyāṃ) means "girls".
{| class="wikitable"
! Hindi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| किताब (kitāb) || kɪ'taːb || Book
|-
| किताबें (kitābeṅ) || kɪ'taːbẽ || Books
|}


Note that when adding the suffix, the final consonant of the word is often changed. For example, the masculine noun बात (bāt) becomes बातों (bātoṃ) in the plural form.  
Here, the singular form of "book" is किताब (kitāb) and the plural form is किताबें (kitābeṅ).


=== Changing the Word's Ending ===
Another example:


Another way to form plurals in Hindi is by changing the word's ending. This method is used mainly for words that end in a vowel. To form the plural, the vowel is changed to its corresponding nasal sound.
{| class="wikitable"
! Hindi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| मालिक (mālik) || maː'lɪk || Owner
|-
| मालिकें (mālikeṅ) || maː'lɪkẽ || Owners
|}


For example, the masculine noun आदमी (ādmī) means "man", while the plural form आदमियों (ādmiyoṃ) means "men". Similarly, the feminine noun गाय (gāy) means "cow", while the plural form गायों (gāyoṃ) means "cows".  
As you can see, the plural form is created by adding -एं (eṅ) to the end of the singular noun.


Note that when changing the word's ending, the final consonant of the word is often changed. For example, the masculine noun राजा (rājā) becomes राजियों (rājiyoṃ) in the plural form.
== Plural ending variations ==


== Exceptions ==
There are a few variations in forming the plural in Hindi.


There are some exceptions to the rules outlined above. For example, some words have irregular plural forms that do not follow the usual patterns. Additionally, some words have the same form in both the singular and plural.
- Nouns ending with अ (a) or आ (ā) add -एं (eṅ) to form the plural. For example:


For example, the word भाई (bhāī) means both "brother" and "brothers". Similarly, the word बहन (bahana) means both "sister" and "sisters".
{| class="wikitable"
! Hindi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| आदमी (ādmī) || aːd'miː || Man
|-
| आदमियां (ādmiyāṃ) || aːd'mɪjɑ̃ː || Men
|}


It is important to note that these exceptions are quite rare, and most words will follow the rules outlined above.  
In the above example, आदमी (ādmī) means "man" in singular form. To make it plural, we add -एं (eṅ) and get आदमियां (ādmiyāṃ) which means "men."


== Conclusion ==
- Nouns ending with ई (ī) or ऊ (ū) drop the vowel and add -याँ (yā̃) to form the plural. For example:


In this lesson, we have learned how to form plurals in Hindi. We have seen that there are two main ways to form plurals: adding a suffix to the end of the word, or changing the word's ending. We have also seen some exceptions to these rules, such as words with irregular plural forms or words that have the same form in both the singular and plural.  
{| class="wikitable"
! Hindi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| देव (dev) || de'v || God
|-
| देवताएँ (devtāyā̃) || de'v'taː.jɑ̃ː || Gods
|}


Now that you have a better understanding of Hindi plurals, why not practice what you have learned by joining the [https://PolyglotClub.com Polyglot Club] community? You can find native Hindi speakers who are willing to help you practice your language skills.  
In the above example, देव (dev) means "god" in singular form. To make it plural, we drop the vowel and add -याँ (yā̃) to get देवताएँ (devtāyā̃) which means "gods."


<br><hr>If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
- Nouns ending with a consonant have no predictable plural and must be memorized. For example:


{| class="wikitable"
! Hindi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| घोड़ा (ghoṛā) || ɡʱoː.ɽaː || Horse
|-
| घोड़ों (ghoṛoṃ) || ɡʱoːɽõː || Horses
|}


In the above example, घोड़ा (ghoṛā) means "horse" in singular form. To make it plural, we change the ending to ओं (oṃ) and get घोड़ों (ghoṛoṃ) which means "horses."


==Videos==
== Irregular plurals ==


===English Grammar Rules in Hindi - Forming Plurals (बहुवचन) from ...===
In Hindi, some plurals are irregular and must be memorized. Here are some examples:
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y7x8DPy-oaw</youtube>


===Hindi Grammar Lessons ~ Singular & Plural (वचन) - Part 4 - YouTube===
{| class="wikitable"
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nmtMvivGl-0</youtube>
! Hindi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| आदमी (ādmī) || aːd'miː || Man
|-
| आदमियां (ādmiyā̃) || aːd'mɪjɑ̃ː || Men
|-
| मौसम (mausam) || moʊ'səm || Season
|-
| मौसमें (mausemeṃ) || moʊ'səmẽː || Seasons
|}


As you can see, the plural forms of आदमी (ādmī) and मौसम (mausam) are irregular and must be memorized.


==Related Lessons==
== Dialogue ==
 
Let's see plurals in context through a dialogue:
 
* महेश (Mahesh): कौनसी भाषा सीख रहे हो तुम? (Kaunsī bhāṣā sīkh rahe ho tum?) - "Which language are you learning?"
* कृष्णा (Krishna): मैं [https://polyglotclub.com/language/hindi/ Hindi] सीख रहा हूँ। (Main Hindi sīkh rahā hū̃.) - "I am learning Hindi."
* महेश (Mahesh): अच्छा, तो बताओ, 'गाय' का बहुवचन क्या होगा? (Acchā, to batāo, 'gāy' kā bahuvacan kyā hogā?) - "Okay, then tell me, what is the plural of 'cow'?"
* कृष्णा (Krishna): 'गायें' होगा। ('Gāyẽ' hogā.) - "It's 'gāyẽ'."
* महेश (Mahesh): सही जवाब! (Sahī javāb!) - "Correct answer!"
 
== Cultural note ==
 
Hindi is spoken as a first language by around 322 million people worldwide, and as a second language by over 270 million people. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindi Hindi] is an official language of India and Fiji.
 
== Practice ==
 
To practice plurals in Hindi, you can use the [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=54 Polyglot Club] website. Find native speakers and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/hindi/question questions] you may have!
 
You can also check out the [[:Language/Hindi/Grammar|Grammar]] section on the Hindi language page to learn more about Hindi grammar.
 
<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://blogs.transparent.com/hindi/how-to-make-plural-from-singular-noun-in-hindi/ How to make Plural from Singular noun in Hindi | Hindi Language Blog]
* [https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Hindi_1/Plurals_and_Postpositions Hindi 1/Plurals and Postpositions - Wikiversity]
 
{{#seo:
|title=Hindi Grammar - Plurals
|keywords=Hindi, Plurals, Hindi Grammar, Singular, Dialogue, Cultural Note, Practice, Irregular plurals, variation.
|description=In this Hindi language lesson, we will learn about plurals in Hindi. Plurals are simple in Hindi, unlike other languages.
}}
 
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/Imperative-Mood|Imperative Mood]]
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/Be-Polite|Be Polite]]
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/Past-Tense|Past Tense]]
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/Feminine|Feminine]]
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/Feminine|Feminine]]
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Hindi/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]


{{Hindi-Page-Bottom}}
{{Hindi-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 21:03, 27 March 2023

India-Timeline-PolyglotClub.png
Hindi Grammar - Plurals

Hi Hindi learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn about plurals in Hindi. Plurals are simple in Hindi, unlike other languages such as English where it can be quite complex. Let's start by understanding the basics.


Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson: Imperative Mood, Conditional Mood, Questions & Verbs and Conjugation.

Singular and Plural[edit | edit source]

In Hindi, singular nouns end with -आ, -ई, -ू, or a consonant sound. To form the plural, the ending changes to -एं.

For example:

Hindi Pronunciation English
किताब (kitāb) kɪ'taːb Book
किताबें (kitābeṅ) kɪ'taːbẽ Books

Here, the singular form of "book" is किताब (kitāb) and the plural form is किताबें (kitābeṅ).

Another example:

Hindi Pronunciation English
मालिक (mālik) maː'lɪk Owner
मालिकें (mālikeṅ) maː'lɪkẽ Owners

As you can see, the plural form is created by adding -एं (eṅ) to the end of the singular noun.

Plural ending variations[edit | edit source]

There are a few variations in forming the plural in Hindi.

- Nouns ending with अ (a) or आ (ā) add -एं (eṅ) to form the plural. For example:

Hindi Pronunciation English
आदमी (ādmī) aːd'miː Man
आदमियां (ādmiyāṃ) aːd'mɪjɑ̃ː Men

In the above example, आदमी (ādmī) means "man" in singular form. To make it plural, we add -एं (eṅ) and get आदमियां (ādmiyāṃ) which means "men."

- Nouns ending with ई (ī) or ऊ (ū) drop the vowel and add -याँ (yā̃) to form the plural. For example:

Hindi Pronunciation English
देव (dev) de'v God
देवताएँ (devtāyā̃) de'v'taː.jɑ̃ː Gods

In the above example, देव (dev) means "god" in singular form. To make it plural, we drop the vowel and add -याँ (yā̃) to get देवताएँ (devtāyā̃) which means "gods."

- Nouns ending with a consonant have no predictable plural and must be memorized. For example:

Hindi Pronunciation English
घोड़ा (ghoṛā) ɡʱoː.ɽaː Horse
घोड़ों (ghoṛoṃ) ɡʱoːɽõː Horses

In the above example, घोड़ा (ghoṛā) means "horse" in singular form. To make it plural, we change the ending to ओं (oṃ) and get घोड़ों (ghoṛoṃ) which means "horses."

Irregular plurals[edit | edit source]

In Hindi, some plurals are irregular and must be memorized. Here are some examples:

Hindi Pronunciation English
आदमी (ādmī) aːd'miː Man
आदमियां (ādmiyā̃) aːd'mɪjɑ̃ː Men
मौसम (mausam) moʊ'səm Season
मौसमें (mausemeṃ) moʊ'səmẽː Seasons

As you can see, the plural forms of आदमी (ādmī) and मौसम (mausam) are irregular and must be memorized.

Dialogue[edit | edit source]

Let's see plurals in context through a dialogue:

  • महेश (Mahesh): कौनसी भाषा सीख रहे हो तुम? (Kaunsī bhāṣā sīkh rahe ho tum?) - "Which language are you learning?"
  • कृष्णा (Krishna): मैं Hindi सीख रहा हूँ। (Main Hindi sīkh rahā hū̃.) - "I am learning Hindi."
  • महेश (Mahesh): अच्छा, तो बताओ, 'गाय' का बहुवचन क्या होगा? (Acchā, to batāo, 'gāy' kā bahuvacan kyā hogā?) - "Okay, then tell me, what is the plural of 'cow'?"
  • कृष्णा (Krishna): 'गायें' होगा। ('Gāyẽ' hogā.) - "It's 'gāyẽ'."
  • महेश (Mahesh): सही जवाब! (Sahī javāb!) - "Correct answer!"

Cultural note[edit | edit source]

Hindi is spoken as a first language by around 322 million people worldwide, and as a second language by over 270 million people. Hindi is an official language of India and Fiji.

Practice[edit | edit source]

To practice plurals in Hindi, you can use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions you may have!

You can also check out the Grammar section on the Hindi language page to learn more about Hindi grammar.

Sources[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]


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