Language/Bashkir/Grammar/Basic-Adjectives

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Bashkir → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Adjectives and Adverbs → Basic Adjectives

Introduction

In this lesson, you will learn about basic adjectives in Bashkir. Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns, giving more information about their qualities or characteristics. By learning Bashkir adjectives, you will be able to express yourself more effectively in both written and spoken language. This lesson assumes that you have already learned the basics of Bashkir grammar, including personal pronouns and verb to be.

Basic Adjectives in Bashkir

Bashkir adjectives have a predictable pattern of agreement with the noun they modify. In general, they agree in case, number, and gender with the noun they modify. This means that if the noun is in the nominative case, singular, and masculine gender, the adjective will also be in the nominative case, singular, and masculine gender. If the noun changes its case, number, or gender, the adjective will also change accordingly.

Below are some examples of basic adjectives in Bashkir:

Bashkir	Pronunciation	English
яңы	yañı	new
киңи	kiñi	big
кике	kike	small
алтын	altın	golden
кара	kara	black
кызыл	kızıl	red
аҡ	aq	white
түгел	tügel	high/tall

Note that some Bashkir adjectives have only one form, regardless of the noun they modify. For example, the adjective "айҙаҡ" (aydzaq) always means "happy," whether it modifies a masculine or feminine noun, a singular or plural noun, or a noun in the nominative, accusative, or any other case.

Using Adjectives in Sentences

In Bashkir, adjectives usually come after the noun they modify. For example, "бөйөк күңәл" (böyök küñäl) means "big house," where "бөйөк" (böyök) is the adjective and "күңәл" (küñäl) is the noun.

Here are some more examples of using adjectives in Bashkir sentences:

• Мектеп яңы. (Mektep yañı.) - The school is new.
• Гыйнғыр түгел тор. (Gïynğïr tügel tor.) - Gynghyr is a tall tree.
• Балалар кике һәрефте тәбигатьда. (Balalar kike häräfte täbigat'ta.) - Children play small games every day.
• Сүңгәк кара, мөнө буның ҡуғары аҡ. (Süñgäk kara, möñö bunıñ qoğarı aq.) - The cat is black, but its belly is white.

Adjective Agreement with Nouns

As mentioned earlier, Bashkir adjectives agree with the noun they modify in number, gender, and case. This means that the adjective must be in the same case, number, and gender as the noun it describes.

Consider the following examples:

Bashkir	Pronunciation	English
ағаҙ-аһы	ağað-ahı	the brother's

In this example, "ағаҙ-аһы" (ağað-ahı) is a noun phrase in the genitive case, meaning "the brother's." The noun "ағаҙ" (ağað) means "brother," and the genitive ending "-аһы" (-ahı) shows possession. If we want to modify this noun phrase with an adjective, we need to make sure the adjective agrees with the noun in case, gender, and number.

Let's say we want to add the adjective "быҙыҡ" (byðyq), which means "older," to the noun phrase. The resulting phrase would be:

Bashkir	Pronunciation	English
быҙыҡ ағаҙ-аһы	byðyq ağað-ahı	the older brother's

Notice that the adjective "быҙыҡ" (byðyq) has the same genitive ending (-аһы) as the noun "ағаҙ" (ağað), indicating that they both modify the same noun. Also, the adjective agrees with the noun in gender, number, and case. If we were to modify a different noun, we would need to make sure the adjective agrees with that noun instead.

Summary

In this lesson, you have learned about basic adjectives in Bashkir and how to use them in sentences. You have also learned that Bashkir adjectives agree with the nouns they modify in gender, number, and case. By mastering Bashkir adjectives, you can add more detail and description to your language and better express yourself in conversations and writing. In the next lesson, you will learn about comparative and superlative adjectives in Bashkir.

Table of Contents - Bashkir Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Greetings and Introductions

• Basic Greetings
• Introducing Yourself

  ---

Pronouns and Verb To Be

• Personal Pronouns
• Verb To Be

  ---

Numbers and Time

• Numbers 1-10
• Telling Time

  ---

Plurals and Articles

• Plural Nouns
• Definite and Indefinite Articles

  ---

Family and Relationships

• Family Members
• Relationships

  ---

Adjectives and Adverbs

• Basic Adjectives
• Comparative and Superlative
• Adverbs

  ---

Food and Eating

• Common Foods
• Eating Out

  ---

Regular Verbs

• Present Tense
• Past Tense
• Future Tense

  ---

Travel and Transportation

• Modes of Transportation
• Travel Phrases

  ---

Prepositions and Conjunctions

• Common Prepositions
• Conjunctions

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Bashkir Customs and Traditions

• Holidays and Celebrations
• Bashkir Cuisine

Other Lessons

• Common Prepositions
• Pronouns
• Plural Nouns
• Future Tense
• Conjunctions
• Questions
• Conditional Mood
• Personal Pronouns
• Give your Opinion
• Past Tense

Sources

• Complete 0 to A1 Bashkir Course

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