Language/Central-pashto/Vocabulary/State-Verbs

◀️ Action Verbs — Previous Lesson

Next Lesson — Present Simple ▶️

Central Pashto → Vocabulary → 0 to A1 Course → State Verbs

Welcome to this exciting lesson on State Verbs in Central Pashto! Understanding state verbs is crucial for anyone looking to build a solid foundation in this beautiful language. State verbs express conditions or states of being rather than actions, making them essential for describing feelings, relationships, and characteristics.

In today's lesson, we will cover the following:

• What are State Verbs?

• Common State Verbs in Central Pashto

• Usage and Examples

• Practice Exercises

By the end of this lesson, you will not only know some essential state verbs in Central Pashto, but you will also be able to use them in sentences confidently. So, let’s dive in!

What are State Verbs?

State verbs describe a situation that is more about a state of being rather than the action itself. These verbs are often used to express emotions, thoughts, relationships, and sensory perceptions. Unlike action verbs, which indicate physical actions, state verbs relate to the internal state of the subject.

For instance, in English, we say:

• "I love pizza." (state verb: love)

• "She seems happy." (state verb: seem)

In Central Pashto, understanding state verbs will help you describe how things are rather than what they do.

Common State Verbs in Central Pashto

Let's look at some common state verbs in Central Pashto, their pronunciations, and English translations.

Central Pashto	Pronunciation	English
زوی (zoy)	/zɔːi/	to be (permanent state)
دی (di)	/diː/	to be (temporary state)
پوهیدل (pohēdal)	/puːhɪːdɑl/	to understand
مینه کول (mīna kol)	/miːnɑ kɔl/	to love
مالومیدل (mālūmīdal)	/mɑːlʊmɪːdɑl/	to be known
خفه کیدل (khafā kidal)	/xəfæ kɪdɑl/	to be sad
خوشحال کیدل (khoshāl kidal)	/xʊʃhɑːl kɪdɑl/	to be happy
اړتیا لرل (ārya laral)	/ɑːrjtjɑː lɛrɑl/	to need
غمجن کیدل (ghamjan kidal)	/ɡʌmʤən kɪdɑl/	to be sorrowful
ظاهریدل (zāhirīdal)	/zɑːhɪrɪːdɑl/	to appear
شکر کول (shukr kol)	/ʃʊkʊr kɔl/	to be grateful
پوهیدل (pohēdal)	/puːhɪːdɑl/	to realize
تعلق لرل (ta'alluq laral)	/tæʔʊlʊq lɛrɑl/	to relate
انتظار کول (entezār kol)	/ɪntɛzɑːr kɔl/	to expect
راضي کیدل (rāzī kidal)	/rɑːziː kɪdɑl/	to be satisfied
خوند اخیستل (khwand akhistal)	/xʊnd ɑkʰɪstɑl/	to enjoy
تمنا لرل (tamāna laral)	/tæmɑːnɑ lɛrɑl/	to desire
یادول (yādol)	/jɑːdɔl/	to remember
رشته لرل (rishta laral)	/rɪʃtɑ lɛrɑl/	to have a relationship
غمجن کیدل (ghamjan kidal)	/ɡʌmʤən kɪdɑl/	to be heartbroken

Usage of State Verbs

State verbs are typically used in simple sentences. They can be combined with adjectives to provide more information about the subject. Here are a few examples:

• زوی خوشحال دی.

• Zoy khoshāl di.

• The boy is happy.

• هغه پوهیږي.

• Haga pohēgi.

• He understands.

• زه مینه لرم.

• Za mīna laram.

• I love (it).

Practical Examples

To further illustrate the uses of state verbs, here are some sentences that show how these verbs fit into everyday conversations:

• زه خفه یم.

• Za khafa yam.

• I am sad.

• دا کتاب مالوم دی.

• Dā kitāb mālūm di.

• This book is known.

• ماته شکر دی.

• Māta shukr di.

• I am grateful.

• هغه خوند اخلي.

• Haga khwand akhli.

• He enjoys it.

• زما اړیکه راضي ده.

• Zma āriqa rāzī da.

• My relationship is satisfactory.

• هغوی تمنا لري.

• Haghoī tamāna lari.

• They have a desire.

• دا ځای ظاهریږي.

• Dā zāy zāhirīgi.

• This place appears (nice).

• زه یاد لرم.

• Za yād laram.

• I remember.

• هغه د خپل کورنی سره تعلق لري.

• Haga da khpal kornī sara ta'alluq lari.

• He relates to his family.

• زه انتظار کوم.

• Za entezaar kum.

• I am expecting.

Summary of State Verbs

To summarize, state verbs are essential components of language that help express states of being, emotions, and relationships. Familiarizing yourself with these verbs will significantly enhance your ability to communicate in Central Pashto.

Practice Exercises

Now that we’ve covered the vocabulary and examples, let’s put your knowledge to the test with some exercises!

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blank

Fill in the blanks with the correct state verb from the box below:

1. زه ______ (love) د کتاب.

2. هغه ______ (understand) د موضوع.

3. موږ ______ (need) مرسته.

4. تاسو ______ (remember) دا ورځ.

5. هغه ______ (appear) خوشحال.

State Verbs: مینه کول (mīna kol), پوهیدل (pohēdal), اړتیا لرل (ārya laral), یادول (yādol), ظاهریدل (zāhirīdal).

Exercise 2: Translation

Translate the following sentences into Central Pashto:

1. I am happy.

2. She feels sad.

3. They love their family.

4. He needs help.

5. We remember our past.

Exercise 3: Sentence Creation

Create sentences using the following state verbs:

1. خفه کیدل (khafā kidal) - to be sad

2. راضي کیدل (rāzī kidal) - to be satisfied

3. شکر کول (shukr kol) - to be grateful

4. انتظار کول (entezār kol) - to expect

5. تعلق لرل (ta'alluq laral) - to relate

Exercise 4: Matching

Match the state verbs in Central Pashto with their English meanings:

1. غمجن کیدل

2. مینه کول

3. پوهیدل

4. خوند اخیستل

5. مالومیدل

a. to love

b. to be known

c. to be sorrowful

d. to enjoy

e. to understand

Exercise 5: Fill in the Chart

Complete the chart with the appropriate state verb in Central Pashto and its English translation.

| Central Pashto | English |

|-----------------------|--------------------|

| خفه کیدل | |

| شکر کول | |

| مینه کول | |

| پوهیدل | |

| ظاهریدل | |

Solutions and Explanations

Below are the answers to the exercises along with brief explanations:

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blank

1. زه مینه لرم د کتاب. (I love the book.)

2. هغه پوهیږي د موضوع. (He understands the topic.)

3. موږ ارټیا لرل مرسته. (We need help.)

4. تاسو یاد لری دا ورځ. (You remember this day.)

5. هغه ظاهریږي خوشحال. (He appears happy.)

Exercise 2: Translation

1. زه خوشحال یم. (I am happy.)

2. هغه خفه احساس کوي. (She feels sad.)

3. هغوی د خپل کورنۍ سره مینه لري. (They love their family.)

4. هغه مرسته اړتیا لري. (He needs help.)

5. موږ خپل تېر یادو. (We remember our past.)

Exercise 3: Sentence Creation

1. زه خفه یم. (I am sad.)

2. هغه راضي دی. (He is satisfied.)

3. زه شکر ادا کوم. (I am grateful.)

4. هغه انتظار کوي. (He is expecting.)

5. موږ د خپلو دوستانو سره تعلق لرو. (We relate to our friends.)

Exercise 4: Matching

1-c, 2-a, 3-e, 4-d, 5-b.

Exercise 5: Fill in the Chart

| Central Pashto | English |

|-----------------------|--------------------|

| خفه کیدل | to be sad |

| شکر کول | to be grateful |

| مینه کول | to love |

| پوهیدل | to understand |

| ظاهریدل | to appear |

Congratulations on completing this lesson! Remember to practice these state verbs regularly to enhance your fluency in Central Pashto. Keep exploring, and don’t hesitate to ask questions if you need clarification. Happy learning!

Table of Contents - Central Pashto Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Greetings and Introductions

• Basic Greetings
• Introducing Yourself

  ---

Personal Pronouns

• Subject Pronouns
• Object Pronouns

  ---

Numbers and Counting

• Numbers 1-10
• Numbers 11-20

  ---

Basic Sentence Structure

• Subject-Object-Verb
• Negation

  ---

Common Verbs

• Action Verbs
• State Verbs

  ---

Present Tense

• Present Simple
• Present Continuous

  ---

Food and Drink

• Common Foods
• Common Drinks

  ---

Questions

• Yes/No Questions
• Wh-Questions

  ---

Family and Relationships

• Family Members
• Relationships

  ---

Possessive Pronouns and Adjectives

• Possessive Pronouns
• Possessive Adjectives

  ---

House and Home

• Rooms and Furniture
• Household Chores

  ---

Prepositions

• Common Prepositions
• Prepositions of Place

  ---

Hobbies and Activities

• Common Hobbies
• Sports

  ---

Past Tense

• Past Simple
• Past Continuous

  ---

Travel and Transportation

• Modes of Transportation
• Travel Essentials

  ---

Pashtun Customs and Traditions

• Traditional Clothing
• Pashtun Cuisine

Other Lessons

• Sports
• Transportation
• Languages jeba lesanewnh ژبی (لسانونه)
• House
• Numbers
• Nature
• Weather and Climate
• Common Drinks
• Medicine
• Body

◀️ Action Verbs — Previous Lesson

Next Lesson — Present Simple ▶️