Language/Central-pashto/Vocabulary/Family-Members
Introduction
In Central Pashto, family is highly valued and respected. One's family members are often referred to using specific honorifics and titles, depending on age, gender, and relationship. In this lesson, you will learn vocabulary for family members in Central Pashto, practice pronunciation, and learn how to use these words in sentences and conversations.
Vocabulary
Here are some words you can use to refer to family members in Central Pashto:
| Central Pashto | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| پلر | pəlær | Father |
| مور | moor | Mother |
| ولسي | walsi | Son |
| ځوړه | ʒure | Daughter |
| ولي | wali | Brother |
| خوي | khway | Sister |
| وياړه | wayare | Grandfather |
| پښه | pashe | Grandmother |
| خاهړه | khahure | Uncle (father's brother) |
| پلره | pələre | Aunt (father's sister) |
| کال | kaal | Uncle (mother's brother) |
| ماما | mama | Aunt (mother's sister) |
| ټاټه | tatə | Older brother |
| ورځينه | warzhina | Older sister |
| وړاندې | worsande | Younger brother |
| کوږه | koxə | Younger sister |
Note: The pronunciation for Central Pashto varies by region and speaker. The pronunciation provided here is a general guide.
Usage
To use these words in sentences, you need to know how to form simple sentences in Central Pashto. Here's an example:
- پلر هغه مرغه يې وي || pəlær haghə murgha yi way ||
English: My father has a chicken.
Let's break down this sentence:
- پلر || pəlær || Father - this is the subject of the sentence. - هغه || haghə || My - this is a possessive adjective that modifies the noun "father". - مرغه || murgha || Chicken - this is the object of the sentence. - يې || yi || Has - this is the verb in the sentence. It means "has". - وي || way || This is the verb ending. It indicates the tense of the verb. In this case, it is the present tense.
Here are some more examples using the vocabulary above:
- مور ته د اوبه يې خوژلي || moor ta da oba yi khuzhli ||
English: My mother is cooking rice.
- ولي داسې دفتر ته وختنه کوي || wali dase deftar ta wakhtana kawi ||
English: My brother works in an office.
- خوي په هغه ځمکه کې خپل تلويزېن څرګنده کوي || khway pa haghə zamka ki khpal telwizən tsarganda kawi ||
English: My sister watches TV in that room.
Note: In Central Pashto, word order is generally subject-object-verb (SOV). However, word order can be flexible depending on emphasis or context.
Cultural Information
In Pashtun culture, family is considered the cornerstone of society. Family members are expected to support and protect each other, and to maintain strong ties with relatives even beyond the nuclear family. The Pashtunwali code of ethics, which is practiced among Pashtuns and many other ethnic groups in Afghanistan and Pakistan, places a high value on hospitality, honor, and revenge. Family members are expected to uphold these values and to maintain the honor of their family name.
Among Pashtuns, there are specific honorifics and titles used to address family members based on age, gender, and relationship. For example, younger brothers may refer to their older brothers as "tate" (تاته) or "ta" (تا), while younger sisters may refer to their older sisters as "wrazhina" (ورژینه) or "wraxa" (وراخه). In some cases, additional titles may be used to show respect, such as "mian" (میاں) for husband and "bibi" (بی بی) for wife.
In Pashtun families, gender roles are often traditional, with men typically working outside the home and women taking care of domestic responsibilities. However, this is not always the case, and there are many Pashtun women who have achieved success and recognition in various fields. Pashtun families also value education and encourage their children to pursue academic and professional opportunities.
Conclusion
In this lesson, you have learned vocabulary for family members in Central Pashto, practiced pronunciation, and learned how to use these words in sentences and conversations. You have also gained some cultural insight into the importance of family and relationships in Pashtun culture. Keep practicing and expanding your vocabulary to become more proficient in Central Pashto.