Urdu Grammar - Plurals
Hi Urdu learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn about plurals in Urdu. Plurals are an essential concept in any language, and they allow us to create and communicate complex ideas. Understanding plurals in Urdu is crucial to mastering the language. We will cover different types of plurals in Urdu, including regular and irregular plurals, and exceptions to the rules. So let's get started!
What are plurals?
Plurals refer to more than one entity of a given object. In English, plurals are often created by adding an ‘s’ or ‘es’ to the noun. In Urdu, plurals are created through various methods, including adding suffixes, changing a vowel, adding an extra sound, or entirely changing the word.
Regular Plurals
In Urdu, adding the suffixَ-ات "-aat" to the singular noun makes it plural. For example:
| Urdu |
Pronunciation |
English
|
| کتاب |
kitaab |
-
|
کتابیں |
kitaabay̰ |
}
Another common way of making plurals is by adding the suffix -ین "-ein" or -وں "-oon". For example:
| Urdu |
Pronunciation |
English
|
| مکان |
makaan |
-
|
مکانیں |
makaanay̰ |
}
However, there are several nouns that do not follow these rules and have irregular plural forms. For example:
| Urdu |
Pronunciation |
English
|
| کتے |
kutte |
-
|
بلبلے |
bulbulay̰ |
}
Dual Plurals
Dual plurals are used when we talk about two things. In Urdu, this is achieved by adding the suffix -ٹھے "-t̤he" to the singular form.
| Urdu |
Pronunciation |
English
|
| دوست |
dost |
-
|
دوستٹھے |
dostt̤he |
}
Plurals with a change in Vowel
Some nouns have a different vowel sound in their plural form as compared to the singular form. For example:
| Urdu |
Pronunciation |
English
|
| میرا |
mera |
-
|
میرے |
meray̰ |
}
Some nouns have an extra sound added to their singular form to create the plural. For example:
| Urdu |
Pronunciation |
English
|
| پیاز |
pyaaz |
-
|
پیازیں |
pyaazay̰ |
}
Exceptions to the Rule
Like any language, Urdu has several exceptions to the rules of plural-forming. Here are some of the most common ones:
- The plural of گائے gaa’ey (cow) is گائیاں gaa’iyaan and not گائی gaa’i
- The plural of بچہ bachcha (child) is اولاد awlaad and not بچے bachay̰
- The plural of پا paa (foot) is پیر peer and not پاؤں pay̰
Practice Dialogue
Here's a dialogue to practice what we have learned:
- Person 1: آپ کیسیں ہیں؟ (Aap kaisay̰ hain?) (How are you?)
- Person 2: ہم خوش ہیں (Hum khush hain) (We are fine.)
- Person 1: آپ بہت دوست ہوں (Aap bahut̤ dost hon) (You are a good friend.)
- Person 2: شکریہ، آپ بھی بہت ہیں (Shukriya, aap bhi bahut̤ hain) (Thank you, you are also very kind.)
Sources
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➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
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