Language/Tatar/Grammar/Adjective-Agreement

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Tatar → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Adjective Agreement

Welcome, dear students! Today, we will embark on an exciting journey into the world of Tatar adjectives and how they agree with nouns. Adjective agreement is crucial in any language, but it holds special importance in Tatar, where adjectives must align with the nouns they describe in terms of gender, number, and case. Understanding this will not only enhance your speaking skills but also enrich your ability to express thoughts and feelings in Tatar.

In this lesson, we will cover the following topics:

  • Understanding Gender in Tatar Nouns
  • Number Agreement: Singular and Plural
  • Case Agreement in Tatar
  • Examples of Adjective Agreement
  • Practice Exercises

So, let’s dive in!

Understanding Gender in Tatar Nouns[edit | edit source]

In Tatar, nouns can be classified into three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. This classification affects the form of the adjectives used with those nouns.

  • Masculine Nouns: Typically end in a consonant.
  • Feminine Nouns: Usually end in -а or -я.
  • Neuter Nouns: Generally end in -о or -е.

Here are some examples of gender classifications in Tatar:

Tatar Pronunciation English
китап kitap book (masculine)
кыз qız girl (feminine)
тәрәзә täräzä window (neuter)

When using adjectives, they must match the gender of the noun. For example:

  • Masculine: yaxşı китап (good book).
  • Feminine: k güzәл кыз (beautiful girl).
  • Neuter: z урман тәрәзә (big window).

Number Agreement: Singular and Plural[edit | edit source]

In Tatar, adjectives also agree with nouns in terms of number. This means that singular nouns take singular adjectives, while plural nouns take plural adjectives.

  • Singular: Generally, the adjective remains unchanged.
  • Plural: The adjective typically takes on the suffix -лар or -ләр.

Let’s look at some examples:

Tatar Pronunciation English
яхшы китап yaqşı kitap good book (singular)
яхшы китаплар yaqşı kitaplar good books (plural)
матур кыз matur qız pretty girl (singular)
матур кызлар matur qızlar pretty girls (plural)

It's essential to remember this when constructing sentences, as the adjective must align with the noun.

Case Agreement in Tatar[edit | edit source]

Tatar nouns change form according to their grammatical case, and adjectives must agree with the case of the nouns they modify. The most common cases are:

  • Nominative: The base form of the noun.
  • Genitive: Indicates possession, usually adding -ның or -нең.
  • Dative: Indicates direction or purpose, typically adding -ка or -кә.
  • Accusative: Indicates the direct object, often taking the form of -ны or -не.

Here are some examples to illustrate case agreement:

Tatar Pronunciation English
яхшы китапның yaqşı kitapnıŋ of the good book (genitive)
матур кызга matur qızğa to the pretty girl (dative)
зур китапны zur kitapnı the big book (accusative)

The adjectives change their form to match the case of the nouns, which is crucial for clear communication in Tatar.

Examples of Adjective Agreement[edit | edit source]

Now that we have a solid understanding of how adjectives agree with nouns, let’s look at more examples to further clarify this concept.

1. зур йорт (big house) - singular, masculine

2. зур йортлар (big houses) - plural, masculine

3. кечкенә балалар (small children) - plural, masculine

4. кечкенә бала (small child) - singular, masculine

5. яңа машина (new car) - singular, feminine

6. яңа машиналар (new cars) - plural, feminine

7. красивый кыз (beautiful girl) - singular, feminine

8. красивый кызлар (beautiful girls) - plural, feminine

9. яхшы укытучы (good teacher) - singular, masculine

10. яхшы укытучылар (good teachers) - plural, masculine

11. зәңгәр күлмәк (blue dress) - singular, feminine

12. зәңгәр күлмәктәр (blue dresses) - plural, feminine

13. яңа китап (new book) - singular, masculine

14. яңа китаплар (new books) - plural, masculine

15. кечкенә йорт (small house) - singular, neuter

16. кечкенә йортлар (small houses) - plural, neuter

17. сары алма (yellow apple) - singular, neuter

18. сары алмалар (yellow apples) - plural, neuter

19. бозлы су (clear water) - singular, neuter

20. бозлы сулары (clear waters) - plural, neuter

These examples showcase how adjectives must agree with the nouns in gender, number, and case.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that we’ve covered the essential elements of adjective agreement, it’s time for you to put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises for you to complete:

Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the adjective in parentheses.

1. Ул __________ (зур) йорт. (It is a big house.)

2. Алар __________ (кечкенә) балалар. (They are small children.)

3. Минем __________ (яңа) машинам бар. (I have a new car.)

4. Бу __________ (матур) кыз. (This is a beautiful girl.)

5. Мин __________ (яхшы) укытучы. (I am a good teacher.)

Solutions:

1. зур

2. кечкенә

3. яңа

4. матур

5. яхшы

Exercise 2: Choose the correct adjective[edit | edit source]

Select the appropriate adjective for each noun.

1. (кечкенә/зур) китап – __________

2. (матур/күзле) кыз – __________

3. (яңа/искергән) машина – __________

4. (зәңгәр/сары) күлмәк – __________

5. (яхшы/песнәк) укытучы – __________

Solutions:

1. зур

2. матур

3. яңа

4. зәңгәр

5. яхшы

Exercise 3: Translate the sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Tatar, ensuring the correct adjective agreement.

1. The big house is beautiful.

2. I see the small child.

3. They have new books.

4. This beautiful girl is my friend.

5. We are good teachers.

Solutions:

1. Зур йорт матур.

2. Мин кечкенә баланы күрәм.

3. Алар яңа китапларына ия.

4. Бу матур кыз минем дустым.

5. Без яхшы укытучылар.

Exercise 4: Match the pairs[edit | edit source]

Match the nouns with the correct adjectives.

1. китап a. зур

2. кыз b. матур

3. машина c. яңа

4. күлмәк d. зәңгәр

5. бала e. кечкенә

Solutions:

1 - a

2 - b

3 - c

4 - d

5 - e

Exercise 5: Write your own sentences[edit | edit source]

Compose five sentences using adjectives and nouns that agree in gender, number, and case.

Solutions will vary based on individual responses.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations on completing this lesson on adjective agreement in Tatar! You have now gained valuable knowledge about how adjectives function in relation to nouns, aligning perfectly in gender, number, and case. This understanding will greatly enhance your conversational skills as you continue your journey to mastering the Tatar language. Remember, practice makes perfect, so don’t hesitate to revisit these concepts as you advance further in your studies.

Keep practicing, and until next time, уңышлар (good luck)!

Table of Contents - Tatar Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Sentence Structure


Numbers and Time


Nouns and Pronouns


Family and Relationships


Verbs and Tenses


Food and Dining


Adjectives and Adverbs


Travel and Transportation


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Hobbies and Leisure


Tatar Customs and Traditions


Shopping and Services


Negation and Commands


Tatar History and Society

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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