Language/Iranian-persian/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation
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The Persian alphabet or Perso-Arabic script is a writing system used for the Persian language spoken in Iran (Western Persian) and Afghanistan (Dari Persian).
The Modern Persian script is directly derived and developed from the Arabic script.
It is mostly but not exclusively right-to-left; mathematical expressions, numeric dates and numbers bearing units are embedded from left to right.
The script is cursive, meaning most letters in a word connect to each other; when they are typed, contemporary word processors automatically join adjacent letter forms.
Alphabet
| Name | IPA | Letter | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Final | Medial | Initial | Isolated | ||
| همزه | [ʔ] | ـئ ـأ ـؤ | ـئـ | ئـ | ء أ |
| الف | [ɒ] | ﺎ | آ / ا | ||
| بِ | [b] | ـب | ـﺒ | ﺑ | ب |
| پِ | [p] | ـپ | ـﭙ | ﭘ | پ |
| تِ | [t] | ـت | ـﺘ | ﺗ | ت |
| ثِ | [s] | ـث | ـﺜ | ﺛ | ث |
| جیم | [d͡ʒ] | ﺞ | ـﺠ | ﺟ | ج |
| چِ | [t͡ʃ] | ﭻ | ـﭽ | ﭼ | چ |
| حِ | [h] | ﺢ | ـﺤ | ﺣ | ح |
| خِ | [x] | ﺦ | ـﺨ | ﺧ | خ |
| دال | [d] | ـد | د | ||
| ذال | [z] | ـذ | ذ | ||
| رِ | [ɾ] | ـر | ر | ||
| زِ | [z] | ـز | ز | ||
| ژِ | [ʒ] | ـژ | ژ | ||
| سین | [s] | ـس | ـﺴ | ﺳ | س |
| شین | [ʃ] | ـش | ـﺸ | ﺷ | ش |
| صاد | [s] | ـص | ـﺼ | ﺻ | ص |
| ضاد | [z] | ـض | ـﻀ | ﺿ | ض |
| طی, طا | [t] | ـط | ـﻄـ | ﻃ | ط |
| ظی, ظا | [z] | ـظ | ـﻈـ | ﻇ | ظ |
| عین | [ʔ] | ﻊ | ﻌ | ﻋ | ع |
| غین | [ɣ] | ﻎ | ﻐ | ﻏ | غ |
| فِ | [f] | ـف | ـﻔ | ﻓ | ف |
| قاف | [ɢ] | ـق | ـﻘ | ﻗ | ق |
| کاف | [k] | ـک | ـﻜ | ﻛ | ک |
| گاف | [ɡ] | ـگ | ـﮕ | ﮔ | گ |
| لام | [l] | ـل | ـﻠ | ﻟ | ل |
| میم | [m] | ـم | ـﻤ | ﻣ | م |
| نون | [n] | ـن | ـﻨ | ﻧ | ن |
| واو | [v] / [uː] / [o] / [ow] /
([w] / [aw] / [oː] in Dari) |
ـو | و | ||
| هِ | [h] | ﻪ | ﻬ | ﻫ | ه |
| یِ | [j] / [i] / [ɒː] /
([aj] / [eː] in Dari) |
ﯽ | ـﯿ | ﯾ | ی |