Language/Malay-individual-language/Vocabulary/Politics-and-Government
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| ◀️ Causative Verbs — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Science and Technology ▶️ |
In this lesson, we will explore the fascinating world of politics and government in the context of the Malay language. Understanding political vocabulary is crucial for engaging in meaningful conversations, participating in discussions, or simply grasping the news. As you venture into this theme, you will learn terms related to government structures, political figures, and essential concepts that govern the political landscape in Malaysia.
This lesson is structured to guide you through various categories, including:
- Branches of government
- Key political figures
- Political processes and terms
- Common phrases used in political discourse
By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid foundation in Malay vocabulary related to politics and government.
Branches of Government
The government in Malaysia is divided into three main branches: the Executive, the Legislature, and the Judiciary. Understanding these concepts is vital for discussing governmental functions.
Executive Branch
The Executive is responsible for implementing laws and running the day-to-day affairs of the government. Below are some essential terms related to the Executive branch:
| Malay (individual language) | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| kerajaan | kəˈra.dʒan | government |
| perdana menteri | pərˈda.na mən.tə.ri | prime minister |
| menteri | mənˈtə.ri | minister |
| jabatan | dʒaˈba.tan | department |
| agensi | aˈɡɛn.si | agency |
Legislature
The Legislature makes laws and consists of two houses: the House of Representatives and the Senate. Here are some important vocabulary terms:
| Malay (individual language) | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| perundangan | pəˈrun.daŋ.an | legislation |
| dewan rakyat | ˈde.wan ˈra.kjat | House of Representatives |
| dewan negara | ˈde.wan nɪˈɡa.ra | Senate |
| ahli parlimen | ˈa.hli ˈpar.li.mən | member of parliament |
| undi | ˈun.di | vote |
Judiciary
The Judiciary interprets laws and ensures justice. Here are some key terms:
| Malay (individual language) | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| mahkamah | mɑˈka.mɑh | court |
| hakim | ˈha.kim | judge |
| kes | kɛs | case |
| pendakwaan | pənˈda.kwɑ.an | prosecution |
| pembelaan | pəmˈbe.lɑ.an | defense |
Key Political Figures
In any political discourse, it's important to recognize key figures. Here are some terms related to important political figures in Malaysia:
| Malay (individual language) | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| presiden | prɛ.siˈdɛn | president |
| ketua | kəˈtu.a | leader |
| pembangkang | pəmˈbaŋ.kɑŋ | opposition |
| penyokong | pəˈn.jo.kɔŋ | supporter |
| aktivis | ak.ti.vis | activist |
Political Processes and Terms
Understanding the political processes is crucial. Here are some common terms you will encounter:
| Malay (individual language) | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| pilihan raya | pɪˈli.han ˈra.ja | election |
| manifesto | ma.nɪˈfɛs.to | manifesto |
| kempen | kɛmˈpeɳ | campaign |
| referendum | rɛ.fəˈrɛn.dəm | referendum |
| perlembagaan | pər.ləmˈba.ɡa.an | constitution |
Common Phrases in Political Discourse
To effectively communicate in political contexts, knowing some common phrases can be beneficial:
| Malay (individual language) | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| saya sokong ini | ˈsa.ja ˈso.kɔŋ ˈi.ni | I support this |
| kita perlu perubahan | ˈki.ta ˈpə.ru ˈpə.ru.ba.han | We need change |
| ini adalah isu penting | ˈi.ni ˈa.dɑ.lah ˈi.su pənˈtɪŋ | This is an important issue |
| mari kita berbincang | ˈma.ri ˈki.ta bərˈbɪn.tʃaŋ | Let’s discuss |
| suara rakyat | ˈswa.ra ˈra.kjat | voice of the people |
Exercises
To reinforce your understanding of the vocabulary covered, here are some exercises:
Exercise 1: Match the Terms
Match the Malay terms with their English translations.
1. kerajaan
2. dewan rakyat
3. hakim
4. menteri
5. pilihan raya
- a. court
- b. minister
- c. election
- d. government
- e. House of Representatives
Solutions:
1 - d
2 - e
3 - a
4 - b
5 - c
Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks
Complete the sentences using the appropriate vocabulary from the lesson.
1. Saya ingin menjadi ________ (activist) untuk perubahan.
2. ________ (Prime Minister) membuat pengumuman penting.
3. Pilihan raya akan datang pada ________ (election day).
Solutions:
1. aktivis
2. Perdana Menteri
3. hari pilihan raya
Exercise 3: Translate the Sentences
Translate the following sentences into Malay.
1. The government is implementing new laws.
2. The opposition party is campaigning for votes.
Solutions:
1. Kerajaan sedang melaksanakan undang-undang baru.
2. Parti pembangkang sedang berkempen untuk undi.
Exercise 4: Create Sentences
Use the following words to create meaningful sentences.
1. menteri
2. undi
3. manifesto
Solutions:
1. Menteri baru telah dilantik.
2. Saya akan mengundi pada pilihan raya.
3. Manifesto parti tersebut menarik perhatian pengundi.
Exercise 5: Choose the Correct Answer
Choose the correct answer from the options provided.
1. ________ (president) of the country is very influential.
- a. Hakim
- b. Presiden
- c. Menteri
2. The ________ (court) will hear the case tomorrow.
- a. Mahkamah
- b. Jabatan
- c. Agensi
Solutions:
1 - b
2 - a
Exercise 6: Describe the Role
Describe in Malay the role of the following political figure:
1. Perdana Menteri
2. Ahli Parlimen
Solutions:
1. Perdana Menteri adalah ketua kerajaan yang bertanggungjawab untuk melaksanakan dasar dan undang-undang.
2. Ahli Parlimen mewakili rakyat di Dewan Rakyat dan terlibat dalam proses pembuatan undang-undang.
Exercise 7: True or False
State whether the following statements are true or false.
1. The Judiciary makes the laws. (False)
2. The Executive is responsible for enforcing laws. (True)
Exercise 8: Role Play
In pairs, conduct a role play where one person acts as a politician presenting a new policy and the other as a journalist asking questions.
Solutions:
- Students will demonstrate understanding through their interaction.
Exercise 9: Vocabulary Quiz
Create a quiz using the vocabulary words, asking students to define or translate them.
Solutions:
- Students will provide their definitions or translations as discussed in class.
Exercise 10: Group Discussion
Form groups and discuss the importance of voting in Malaysia. Use the vocabulary learned in this lesson.
Solutions:
- Groups will present their findings and reflections based on the provided vocabulary.
By engaging with these exercises, you will not only solidify your understanding of the vocabulary but also gain practical experience in using it in various contexts.
As you continue your journey in learning Malay, remember that practice is key. Feel free to refer back to this lesson whenever you need a refresher on political vocabulary. Happy learning!
Other Lessons
- Food and Drinks
- Jobs and Professions
- Health
- Education
- Months of the Year
- Computers
- Languages
- Toys
- Colors
- Numbers and Counting
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