Language/Hungarian/Vocabulary/Politics-and-government
Welcome to this exciting lesson on Hungarian vocabulary related to politics and government! Understanding political terminology is essential for grasping how societies function, especially in a country like Hungary, where political discussions and government decisions play a significant role in daily life. This lesson aims to equip you, as a complete beginner, with foundational vocabulary that you can use when discussing political systems, elections, and public policy.
In this lesson, we will cover the following topics:
Introduction to Political Vocabulary
In this section, we will explore the importance of political vocabulary in understanding how governments operate. Political discussions often shape our worldviews, and knowing the right words can empower you to engage in conversations about governance and civic duties.
Key Vocabulary: Political Systems
Here, we will dive into terms associated with different types of political systems. Knowing these words will help you discuss the structure of government in Hungary and other countries.
| Hungarian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| állam !! [ˈaːlɒm] | state | |
| kormány !! [ˈkorːmɑːj] | government | |
| parlament !! [ˈpɒrlɒmɛnt] | parliament | |
| demokrácia !! [ˈdɛmɒkrɑːtsiɒ] | democracy | |
| diktatúra !! [ˈdiktɒtuːrɒ] | dictatorship | |
| köztársaság !! [ˈkøːztɒrʃɒʃɑːg] | republic | |
| monarchia !! [ˈmonɒrkiɒ] | monarchy | |
| szövetség !! [ˈsøvɛtʃeːɡ] | alliance | |
| választások !! [ˈvɑːlɑsˌtɑːʃok] | elections | |
| hatalom !! [ˈhɒtɒlom] | power |
Key Vocabulary: Elections
In this section, we will focus on vocabulary related to elections, a crucial aspect of political life. Understanding this vocabulary will allow you to participate in discussions about voting and representation.
| Hungarian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| szavazás !! [ˈsɒvɒzɒs] | voting | |
| jelölt !! [ˈjɛlœlt] | candidate | |
| választópolgár !! [ˈvɑːlɑsˌtoːpolɡɑːr] | voter | |
| szavazat !! [ˈsɒvɒzɒt] | ballot | |
| kampány !! [ˈkɒmpɑːj] | campaign | |
| választási ív !! [ˈvɑːlɑsˌtɑːʃiːv] | ballot paper | |
| választási rendszer !! [ˈvɑːlɑsˌtɑːʃi ˈrɛnd͡sɛr] | electoral system | |
| részvételi arány !! [ˈreːzveˌtɛli ˈɒrɒɲ] | turnout rate | |
| választási időszak !! [ˈvɑːlɑsˌtɑːʃi ˈidøːʃɒk] | election period | |
| választási bizottság !! [ˈvɑːlɑsˌtɑːʃi biˈzot͡ʃaːɡ] | electoral commission |
Key Vocabulary: Public Policy
This section covers vocabulary related to public policy, which is essential for understanding how government decisions impact society.
| Hungarian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| jogszabály !! [ˈjoɡzɒbɑːj] | legislation | |
| politika !! [ˈpolɪtɪkɒ] | policy | |
| közszolgáltatás !! [ˈkøːzsolɡɒltɒtɒs] | public service | |
| költségvetés !! [ˈkøltʃeːɡvɛtɛʃ] | budget | |
| támogatás !! [ˈtɒmɒɡɒtɒʃ] | subsidy | |
| fejlesztés !! [ˈfɛjlɛstɛʃ] | development | |
| intézkedés !! [ˈiːntɛzkɛdɛʃ] | measure | |
| közérdek !! [ˈkøːzɛrdɛk] | public interest | |
| program !! [ˈproɡrɑːm] | program | |
| reform !! [ˈrɛfɔrm] | reform |
Exercises and Practice Scenarios
Now that we've covered the essential vocabulary, it's time to put your knowledge into practice! Below are ten exercises designed to help you reinforce what you've learned.
Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks
Complete the sentences with the correct vocabulary words.
1. A ________ is a system where citizens vote for their representatives. (Hint: demokrácia)
2. The ________ decides on the laws of the country. (Hint: parlament)
3. During the ________, people express their opinions through voting. (Hint: választások)
Solutions
1. demokrácia
2. parlament
3. választások
Exercise 2: Match the Terms
Match the Hungarian terms with their English translations.
| Hungarian | English |
|---|---|
| állam | A. republic |
| kormány | B. dictatorship |
| köztársaság | C. government |
| diktatúra | D. state |
Solutions
- állam - D
- kormány - C
- köztársaság - A
- diktatúra - B
Exercise 3: Create Sentences
Use the following words to create meaningful sentences in English.
1. választópolgár
2. kampány
3. szavazás
Solutions
- The voter is essential in the campaign during the voting process.
Exercise 4: Vocabulary Quiz
Identify the correct Hungarian word for the following English terms:
1. Candidate
2. Elections
3. Legislation
Solutions
1. jelölt
2. választások
3. jogszabály
Exercise 5: Translation Practice
Translate the following Hungarian sentences into English.
1. A kormány döntései befolyásolják a közszolgáltatásokat.
2. A választási bizottság felügyeli a választásokat.
Solutions
1. Government decisions influence public services.
2. The electoral commission supervises the elections.
Exercise 6: Word Search
Find the following words in the word search grid.
- demokrácia
- szavazás
- politika
Solutions
- The words can be located in various directions throughout the grid.
Exercise 7: True or False
Determine if the following statements are true or false.
1. A monarchia is a form of democracy. (False)
2. Szavazás means voting. (True)
Solutions
- 1. False
- 2. True
Exercise 8: Discussion Prompts
Discuss the following topics with a partner:
- The importance of voting in a democracy.
- How public policy affects daily life.
Solutions
- Students should share their thoughts and ideas based on their understanding of the vocabulary.
Exercise 9: Role-Playing
In pairs, role-play a conversation between a voter and a candidate discussing the campaign.
Solutions
- Each student can take turns practicing dialogue using vocabulary learned.
Exercise 10: Crossword Puzzle
Create a crossword puzzle using the vocabulary from this lesson.
Solutions
- Students should create their own crossword layout following the vocabulary terms.
Congratulations on completing this lesson on Hungarian vocabulary related to politics and government! You’ve taken a significant step toward understanding how to communicate in Hungarian about important societal topics. Keep practicing, and you’ll soon be able to engage in discussions about politics with confidence!
Other Lessons
- Days of the Week
- Greetings
- Fruits
- Countries
- How to say Good Bye?
- Food
- Shopping
- Family and relationships
- Introduce yourself
- Asking for directions