Language/Turkish/Vocabulary/Cardinal-Numbers

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Turkish → Vocabulary → 0 to A1 Course → Cardinal Numbers

Welcome to the exciting world of Turkish numbers! In this lesson, we will dive into the fascinating realm of cardinal numbers in Turkish. Understanding cardinal numbers is essential for everyday conversations, whether you're shopping, ordering food, or simply counting your friends at a gathering. Numbers are the building blocks of communication, and knowing how to count in Turkish will open many doors for you in your language journey.

In this lesson, we will cover the following topics:

Introduction to Cardinal Numbers

The Structure of Turkish Cardinal Numbers

Examples of Cardinal Numbers

Practice Exercises to Reinforce Learning

So, get ready to count in Turkish! Before we begin, let’s get organized with a quick table of contents.

Introduction to Cardinal Numbers

Cardinal numbers are the numbers we use to count things—like one apple, two oranges, and three friends. In Turkish, just like in English, cardinal numbers are essential for various aspects of daily life. Whether you're at the market buying fruits, asking someone how many languages they speak, or counting your steps during a walk, knowing these numbers is vital.

In Turkish, the numbers are unique and can sometimes be a bit tricky, but don't worry! Together, we'll break them down step-by-step. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to count from one to one hundred and beyond, and you'll have a solid understanding of how numbers work in Turkish.

The Structure of Turkish Cardinal Numbers

Turkish cardinal numbers have a straightforward structure that makes them relatively simple to learn. The basic numbers from one to ten are unique words, but after ten, the patterns become more predictable. Here’s a quick breakdown:

1 to 10: These numbers have unique forms.

11 to 19: These numbers are formed by adding the suffix "-on" to the base numbers (e.g., 11 is "on bir" which means "ten one").

20 and above: The numbers follow a pattern where the tens place is combined with the units (e.g., 21 is "yirmi bir" which means "twenty one").

Let’s look at the numbers from one to twenty in Turkish:

Turkish	Pronunciation	English
bir	[biɾ]	one
iki	[iki]	two
üç	[ytʃ]	three
dört	[døɾt]	four
beş	[beʃ]	five
altı	[altɯ]	six
yedi	[jede]	seven
sekiz	[seki̇z]	eight
dokuz	[dokuz]	nine
on	[on]	ten
on bir	[on biɾ]	eleven
on iki	[on iki]	twelve
on üç	[on ytʃ]	thirteen
on dört	[on døɾt]	fourteen
on beş	[on beʃ]	fifteen
on altı	[on altɯ]	sixteen
on yedi	[on jede]	seventeen
on sekiz	[on seki̇z]	eighteen
on dokuz	[on dokuz]	nineteen
yirmi	[jiɾmi]	twenty

As you can see from the table above, the structure of the numbers is consistent and logical, making it easier to remember and use them in conversation. Now, let's look at how to count from twenty to one hundred.

Examples of Cardinal Numbers

To help you grasp the concept of Turkish cardinal numbers, here are more examples that demonstrate the numbers from twenty to one hundred:

Turkish	Pronunciation	English
yirmi bir	[jiɾmi biɾ]	twenty-one
yirmi iki	[jiɾmi iki]	twenty-two
yirmi üç	[jiɾmi ytʃ]	twenty-three
yirmi dört	[jiɾmi døɾt]	twenty-four
yirmi beş	[jiɾmi beʃ]	twenty-five
yirmi altı	[jiɾmi altɯ]	twenty-six
yirmi yedi	[jiɾmi jede]	twenty-seven
yirmi sekiz	[jiɾmi seki̇z]	twenty-eight
yirmi dokuz	[jiɾmi dokuz]	twenty-nine
otuz	[otuz]	thirty
otuz bir	[otuz biɾ]	thirty-one
kırk	[kɯɾk]	forty
elli	[eli]	fifty
altmış	[altmɯʃ]	sixty
yetmiş	[jetmɯʃ]	seventy
seksen	[seksen]	eighty
doksan	[doksan]	ninety
yüz	[yuz]	one hundred

Now that you have a solid understanding of numbers up to one hundred, let’s practice what you've learned!

Practice Exercises to Reinforce Learning

1. Fill in the blanks: Write the correct Turkish cardinal number for the following English numbers:

3: ______

15: ______

27: ______

50: ______

100: ______

2. Matching exercise: Match the Turkish number with its English equivalent:

a. yirmi dört

b. on beş

c. yetmiş

d. dokuz

e. altmış

f. kırk

g. iki

h. seksen

3. Translation: Translate the following sentences into Turkish:

I have three apples.

There are twenty students in the class.

She is fifteen years old.

He has seven cars.

4. Number Chart: Write the Turkish words for the numbers 1 to 10 in a chart.

5. Counting Practice: Count from 1 to 20 in Turkish. Write it down in both Turkish and English.

6. Listening Exercise: Listen to a native speaker count from 1 to 30 and write down what you hear in Turkish.

7. Create Sentences: Use the numbers 5, 12, and 20 to create meaningful sentences in Turkish.

8. Fill in the numbers: Write the Turkish number for these numerical expressions:

22: ______

38: ______

45: ______

99: ______

9. Role Play: Imagine you're at a store. How would you ask for 3 oranges and 5 apples in Turkish? Write the dialogue.

10. Mini Quiz: Answer the following questions:

What is the Turkish word for twenty?

How do you say fifteen in Turkish?

What number comes after kırk?

Detailed Solutions and Explanations for Each Exercise

1. Fill in the blanks:

3: üç

15: on beş

27: yirmi yedi

50: elli

100: yüz

2. Matching exercise:

a. yirmi dört - 24

b. on beş - 15

c. yetmiş - 70

d. dokuz - 9

e. altmış - 60

f. kırk - 40

g. iki - 2

h. seksen - 80

3. Translation:

I have three apples. - Üç elmam var.

There are twenty students in the class. - Sınıfta yirmi öğrenci var.

She is fifteen years old. - On beş yaşında.

He has seven cars. - Yedi arabası var.

4. Number Chart:

| Turkish | English |

|---------|---------|

| bir | one |

| iki | two |

| üç | three |

| dört | four |

| beş | five |

| altı | six |

| yedi | seven |

| sekiz | eight |

| dokuz | nine |

| on | ten |

5. Counting Practice:

1: bir

2: iki

3: üç

4: dört

5: beş

6: altı

7: yedi

8: sekiz

9: dokuz

10: on

11: on bir

12: on iki

13: on üç

14: on dört

15: on beş

16: on altı

17: on yedi

18: on sekiz

19: on dokuz

20: yirmi

6. Listening Exercise: This is a practical exercise that will depend on your listening skills. Just listen carefully and write down what you hear.

7. Create Sentences:

Beş elma (Five apples).

On iki masa (Twelve tables).

Yirmi kitap (Twenty books).

8. Fill in the numbers:

22: yirmi iki

38: otuz sekiz

45: kırk beş

99: doksan dokuz

9. Role Play:

Customer: Üç portakal ve beş elma istiyorum.

Shopkeeper: Tamam, üç portakal ve beş elma.

10. Mini Quiz:

What is the Turkish word for twenty? - Yirmi

How do you say fifteen in Turkish? - On beş

What number comes after kırk? - Kırk bir

Congratulations! You've successfully navigated through the world of Turkish cardinal numbers! Keep practicing, and soon you'll find it easier to use these numbers in your conversations. Remember, practice makes perfect. Don't hesitate to revisit this lesson whenever you need a refresher.

Table of Contents - Turkish Course - 0 to A1

Course Presentation

Turkish Alphabet

Basic Grammar

Complex Grammar

Everyday Phrases

Numbers and Time

Turkish Culture

Daily Life

Sources

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