Difference between revisions of "Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Internet-Dictionaries"
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=== Uncoded languages === | === Uncoded languages === | ||
Revision as of 01:21, 22 January 2024
Hi Polyglots! 😊
On this page we have put together a collection of online dictionaries.
Language names are based on ISO 639-3 with minor modifications.
GoldenDict-ng can be used for convenient search.
Dictionaries listed must be digitalised so that can be searched by queries.
If a database is used by several dictionaries, only one will appear on the list, other ones are below the main list.
If a database on a website is from elsewhere, then this database will not be taken into consideration. If a dictionary doesn't mention its source and the source turns out to be from elsewhere, possibly involving plagiarism, then this site will not be mentioned.
Dictionaries with API support are marked with [API]; dictionaries available for offline use (document, webpage, program, database) are marked separately with [offl.d], [offl.w], [offl.p], [offl.db]; dictionaries in public domain (50 years after the last author's death on this page, more information here) are marked with [PD]; dictionaries under public licenses are marked with [PL]. You can use SingleFile or SingleFileZ to save webpages.
Please learn about the “find in page” function of a browser if you don't know about it.
Reminder: to find dictionaries you need, check four locations: “Multiple languages”, the language you are learning, the language you've learned, “Dictionaries with the same database”.
This page has a child: Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Internet-Specialised-Dictionaries
Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: Difficulties of languages, Numeration Tutorial, Best Singers & Introduction to Writing Systems.
Source languages are sub-headings, target languages are paragraph. “Searching by entry content” is excluded, i.e. only “searching by headword” is taken into consideration, in terms of “source languages” and “target languages”. This resembles the layout of the paper dictionary.
| Ａ | Ｂ | Ｃ | Ｄ | Ｅ | Ｆ | Ｇ |
| Ｈ | Ｉ | Ｊ | Ｋ | Ｌ | Ｍ | Ｎ |
| Ｏ | Ｐ | Ｑ | Ｒ | Ｓ | Ｔ | |
| Ｕ | Ｖ | Ｗ | Ｘ | Ｙ | Ｚ |
Uncoded languages
(uncoded in ISO 639-3)
Folksprak
English https://folksprak.org/?target=dictionary [offl.w]
Glosa
multiple languages, bidirectional http://www.glosa.org/gid/index.html [offl.db/offl.w]
Interslavic
European languages https://interslavic-dictionary.com/
Lingwa de Planeta
English & Russian, partly bidirectional http://www.lingwadeplaneta.info/en/grammar.shtml [offl.d]
Loglan
English, bidirectional http://www.loglan.org/#materials [offl.d]
Romániço
English, bidirectional http://romaniczo.com/en_vocabulados.html [offl.w]
Romanid
Hungarian http://romanid.nyelv.info/downloads.html [offl.d]
Sambahsa
English http://sambahsa.pbworks.com/w/page/10183084/FrontPage [offl.p/offl.w]
Toaq
English https://github.com/toaq/toadua-android [offl.p PL]
Unish
multiple languages http://www.unish.net/search/unish_Dic_Search.jsp [offl.w]
Dictionaries with the same database
The first link of each database is the source of it, if its source is publicly available.
Though using the same database, the versions they use and the portions they cover can vary.
[PL] or [PD] in the headings indicates the database's status, [PL] after the links indicates the service's (e.g. program's).
A Dictionary in Sanskrit and English (Wilson) –– English -> Sanskrit [PD]
- https://andhrabharati.com/dictionary/sanskrit/index.php
- https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/ [offl.d]
A Latin Dictionary (Lewis & Short) –– Latin -> English [PD]
- https://logeion.uchicago.edu/
- https://orbilius.org/glossa/
- https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0059
A Practical Sanskrit Dictionary (Apte) –– Sanskrit -> English [PD]
- https://andhrabharati.com/dictionary/sanskrit/index.php
- https://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/macdonell/
- https://sourceforge.net/projects/sandic/ [offl.p PL]
- https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/ [offl.d]
A Sanskrit-English Dictionary (Benfey) –– Sanskrit -> English [PD]
- https://andhrabharati.com/dictionary/sanskrit/index.php
- https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/ [offl.d]
A Sanskrit-English Dictionary (Cappeller) –– Sanskrit -> English [PD]
- https://andhrabharati.com/dictionary/sanskrit/index.php
- https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/ [offl.d]
A Sanskrit-English Dictionary (Monier-Williams) –– Sanskrit -> English [PD]
- https://andhrabharati.com/dictionary/sanskrit/index.php
- https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/ [offl.d]
An American Dictionary of the English Language (Webster) –– English - English [PD]
- https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Webster%2C+Noah%2C+1758-1843%22+dictionary [offl.d]
- https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/139?sort_order=release_date [offl.d]
1828 edition
1841 edition
1913 edition
- https://digital.library.upenn.edu/webbin/gutbook/lookup?num=669
- https://www.ibiblio.org/webster/ [offl.db PL]
- https://www.mso.anu.edu.au/~ralph/OPTED/index.html [offl.db]
- https://www.websters1913.com/
- https://www.webster-dictionary.org/
CC-Canto –– Yue Chinese -> English [PL]
- https://www.cccanto.org/ [offl.db]
- https://jyutdictionary.com/ [offl.p PL]
- https://www.pleco.com/ [offl.p]
- http://cjkv-dict.com/
CC-CEDICT –– Mandarin Chinese -> English [PL]
- https://www.mdbg.net/chinese/dictionary [offl.db]
- https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/liuchan/ [offl.p]
- https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/perapera-chinese/ [offl.p]
- https://chinese.gratis/
- https://chinesenotes.com/
- https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/liuchan-chinese-popup-dic/hjpjmkjmkgedphipmbnmejlnfndjcgdf [offl.p]
- https://eudict.com/
- https://jyutdictionary.com/ [offl.p PL]
- https://github.com/cschiller/zhongwen [offl.p PL]
- https://www.getsyng.com/ [offl.p PL]
- https://www.archchinese.com/chinese_english_dictionary.html
- https://www.chinese-tools.com/tools/dictionary.html [offl.p]
- https://www.moedict.tw/%E8%90%8C [API]
- https://www.pleco.com/ [offl.p]
- http://cjkv-dict.com/
CFDICT –– Mandarin Chinese -> French [PL]
- https://chine.in/mandarin/dictionnaire/ [offl.p/offl.db PL]
- https://www.moedict.tw/%E8%90%8C [API]
- https://www.pleco.com/ [offl.p]
Dictionnaire de l'Académie française –– French - French
- https://www.dictionnaire-academie.fr/
- https://academie.atilf.fr/
- https://artfl-project.uchicago.edu/node/17
Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français –– Latin -> French [PD]
- https://gaffiot.fr/
- http://digital-gaffiot.sourceforge.net/ [offl.w/db]
- http://gerardgreco.free.fr/spip.php?article43 [offl.d]
Dicziunari Vallader (Uniun dals Grischs) –– German <-> Romansh
ECDICT –– English -> Mandarin Chinese [PL]
- https://github.com/skywind3000/ECDICT [offl.db]
- https://github.com/program-in-chinese/webextension_english_chinese_dictionary [offl.p]
English-Sanskrit Dictionary (Monier-Williams) –– English -> Sanskrit [PD]
- https://andhrabharati.com/dictionary/sanskrit/index.php
- https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/ [offl.d]
ESPDIC –– Esperanto -> English [PL]
- http://www.denisowski.org/Esperanto/Esperanto.html [offl.db]
- https://bitbucket.org/eklegu/eklegu/ [offl.p PL]
- https://github.com/wildeyedskies/vortaro [offl.p PL]
FreeDict –– Multiple languages - Multiple languages [PL]
Grande Dizionario Italiano –– Italian - Italian
HanDeDict –– Mandarin Chinese -> German [PL]
- https://handedict.zydeo.net/ [offl.db PL]
- https://www.moedict.tw/%E8%90%8C [API]
- https://www.pleco.com/ [offl.p]
Inglise-eesti sõnastik (Eesti Keele Instituut) –– English -> Standard Estonian
- https://portaal.eki.ee/dict/ies/
- https://enet.animato.ee/index.php
- https://nastik.palat.ee/index.php
JMdict –– Japanese -> Multiple languages [PL]
- https://www.edrdg.org/cgi-bin/wwwjdic/wwwjdic [offl.db]
- https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/nazeka/ [offl.p PL]
- https://apps.apple.com/us/app/safarikai/id1437951175 [offl.p PL]
- https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/rikaikun/jipdnfibhldikgcjhfnomkfpcebammhp [offl.p]
- https://eudict.com/
- https://foosoft.net/projects/yomichan/ [offl.p PL]
- https://jisho.hlorenzi.com/
- https://jisho.org/
- https://jiten.obfusk.dev/ [offl.p PL]
- https://jitenon.com/
- https://jlearn.net/
- https://jpdb.io/
- https://nani.lepiller.eu/ [offl.p PL]
- https://nihongodera.com/
- https://romajidesu.com/
- https://takoboto.jp/ [offl.p]
- https://tangorin.com/
- https://www.japandict.com/
- https://www.japaneseapp.com/ [offl.p]
- https://www.jishonari.com/
- https://www.jlect.com/
- https://www.tagaini.net/ [offl.p PL]
- https://www.tanoshiijapanese.com/dictionary/
- http://cjkv-dict.com/
- http://dico.fj.free.fr/traduction/index.php
- http://houhou-srs.com/ [offl.p]
- http://zkanji.sourceforge.net/ [offl.p PL]
kengdic –– Korean -> English [PL]
- https://github.com/garfieldnate/kengdic [offl.db]
- https://www.toktogi.com/ [offl.p]
- http://cjkv-dict.com/
Dictionnaire de la langue française –– French -> English [PD]
Ornagai –– Burmese <-> English [PL]
Reta Vortaro –– Esperanto -> Multiple languages [PL]
- https://www.reta-vortaro.de/revo/ [offl.db/offl.d]
- https://www.busydoingnothing.co.uk/prevo/ [offl.p PL]
- https://www.tujavortaro.net/ [PL]
The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary (Apte) –– Sanskrit -> English [PD]
Toki Pona: The Language of Good
- https://nimi.li/
- https://jan-ne.github.io/tp/dictionary
- https://linku.la/
- https://zrajm.github.io/toki-pona-syllabics/dictionary/
Wadoku –– Japanese -> German [PL]
- https://wadoku.de/ [offl.db]
- https://nani.lepiller.eu/ [offl.p PL]
- https://www.edrdg.org/cgi-bin/wwwjdic/wwwjdic
Waran Jiten –– Japanese -> Dutch [PL]
Wiktionary –– Multiple languages - Multiple languages [PL]
- https://www.wiktionary.org/ [API offl.db]
- https://aarddict.org/ [offl.p PL]
- https://gitlab.com/cmu_ariel/tok_pisin_dictionary [offl.db]
- https://github.com/Flinou/Dico [offl.p PL]
- https://github.com/rdoeffinger/Dictionary [offl.p PL]
- https://thesaurus.altervista.org/dictionary [offl.p]
- https://www.kiwix.org/ [offl.p PL]
- http://cjkv-dict.com/
- http://www.okawix.com/ [offl.p PL]
- http://xowa.org/home/wiki/Help/Download_XOWA.html [offl.p PL]
WordNet –– English - English [PL]
- https://wordnet.princeton.edu/ [offl.db]
- https://www.dicts.info/
- https://www.webster-dictionary.org/
Большой энциклопедический словарь –– Russian - Russian
Орфографический словарь Лопатина –– Russian - Russian
Речник на българския език –– Bulgarian - Bulgarian [PD]
Словник української мови –– Ukrainian - Ukrainian [PD]
Толковый словарь живого великорусского языка –– Russian - Russian [PD]
- https://ru.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F [offl.d]
- https://gufo.me/
- https://slovar.cc/
- https://slovardalja.net/
Толковый словарь русского языка (Ожегова) –– Russian - Russian [PD]
Толковый словарь русского языка (Ушакова) –– Russian - Russian [PD]
لسان العرب –– Arabic - Arabic [PD]
शब्दकल्पद्रुम –– Sanskrit - Sanskrit [PD]
- https://andhrabharati.com/dictionary/sanskrit/index.php
- https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/ [offl.d]
- https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%83 [offl.d]
वाचस्पत्यम् –– Sanskrit - Sanskrit [PD]
- https://andhrabharati.com/dictionary/sanskrit/index.php
- https://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/ [offl.d]
- https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D [offl.d]
표준국어대사전 –– Korean - Korean [PL]
- https://stdict.korean.go.kr/main/main.do [API]
- https://krdict.korean.go.kr/mainAction [API]
- https://opendict.korean.go.kr/main [API]
デジタル大辞泉 –– Japanese - Japanese
大辞林 –– Japanese - Japanese
台語辭典(台日大辭典台語譯本) –– Min Nan Chinese - Min Nan Chinese [PL]
重編國語辭典修訂本 –– Mandarin Chinese - Mandarin Chinese [PL]
- https://dict.revised.moe.edu.tw/ [offl.db]
- https://dictionary.chienwen.net/
- https://pedia.cloud.edu.tw/
- https://www.chinese-tools.com/tools/dictionary.html
- https://www.moedict.tw/%E8%90%8C [API]
臺灣客家語常用詞辭典 –– Hakka Chinese -> Mandarin Chinese [PL]
- https://hakkadict.moe.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dwebmge
- https://pedia.cloud.edu.tw/
- https://www.moedict.tw/:%E7%99%BC%E8%8A%BD [API]
臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 –– Min Nan Chinese -> Mandarin Chinese [PL]
- https://twblg.dict.edu.tw/holodict_new/
- https://pedia.cloud.edu.tw/
- https://www.moedict.tw/'%E7%99%BC%E7%A9%8E [API]
Q&A
How many words does a dictionary have?
Find some random words with different frequency levels (for example top 1000, 5000, 10000, 50000), according to the lists on Wiktionary or somewhere else. Then you can test it.
How to evaluate a dictionary?
Find a random word and search in the dictionary, then ignore the headword, just see the entry and see how many headwords you can come up with. If you can always recall one word, that means the dictionary is very precise. If it's one-one projection, it may cause big misunderstandings because words are usually don't have exactly corresponding word senses. Part-of-speech is essential. But being precise is not the only thing to care about. The entry should be brief, too. You couldn't expect a hobbyist dictionary to reach this high quality, but a satisfying level.
Can a translator serve as a dictionary?
See if the translator returns multiple results. If it only returns one result for a word, it can't meet your demand sometimes.
What other aspects should I consider?
First, privacy and security. HTTP is less secure than HTTPS. If you have uBlock Origin installed, you can see how many third-parties a website contains. For apps, check their permissions. You can make use of Exodus Privacy to see trackers and permissions of an app. Second, see if it is licensed under any public copyright license. This kind of license makes sure that anyone can access it and do something with it without worry about potential copyright issues (whether a use is a fair use or not), so it can be easily reproduced and widely spread. The most successful case being JMdict. Third, see if it is actively updated. A discontinued dictionary may contain more mistakes. An important factor for an actively updated dictionary is a community, which may requires public copyright licenses so that people are willing to contribute to it.
I can't visit a website in my region. What to do?
The simplest way is using the Tor Browser and set the exit node somewhere.
AUTHOR
Other Lessons
- Text Processing Tools
- Introduction to Sci–Tech Index
- FLOSS Fonts
- Websites of DIY Procedures
- Data of Living Conditions
- Best Job Search Websites by Country
- Techniques for learning languages
- Numeration Tutorial
- Internet Blogs
- Internet Courses