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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Slovenian|Slovenian]]  → [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Unit 5 - Intermediate Grammar and Communication → Conditional and future tense</div>


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As a Slovenian language teacher with 20 years of experience, I will guide you through the fifth unit of the Complete 0 to A1 Slovenian course. This unit is focused on intermediate grammar and communication, specifically on the conditional and future tense in Slovenian. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to use these tenses in everyday conversation with ease.
Introduction:
Welcome to Unit 5 of the "Complete 0 to A1 Slovenian Course". In this lesson, we will delve into the conditional and future tenses in Slovenian. Understanding these tenses is crucial for expressing hypothetical situations, making predictions, and discussing future events. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of how to use the conditional and future tenses in various contexts, enabling you to communicate more effectively in Slovenian.


=== The Conditional Tense ===
== Conditional Tense ==
The conditional tense expresses a hypothetical or imaginary situation in the present or future. It is formed by combining the particle "bi" with the past participle of the verb.


Here's how to form the conditional tense in Slovenian:
The conditional tense in Slovenian is used to express hypothetical situations, wishes, and desires. It is formed by adding specific endings to the verb stem. Let's take a look at the conjugation of regular verbs in the conditional tense:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| bi + past participle  || bee + past participle || would + past participle
| Izgovoriti (to pronounce) || [iˈzɡɔːʋɔɾiti] || to pronounce
|-
| Povedati (to say) || [pɔˈʋeːdati] || to say
|-
| Delati (to work) || [dɛˈlaːti] || to work
|-
| Jesti (to eat) || [ˈjɛsti] || to eat
|-
| Hoditi (to walk) || [hɔˈdiːti] || to walk
|-
| Voziti (to drive) || [vɔˈziːti] || to drive
|}
|}


For example:
As you can see, the endings for the conditional tense are added to the verb stem. Here are the endings for regular verbs:
* Če bi imel/-a čas, bi šel/-a ven. (If I had time, I would go out.)
 
* Če bi me povabila/-l, bi prišel/-a. (If you invited me, I would come.)
- For first conjugation verbs (-iti): -il, -ila, -ilo, -ili
- For second conjugation verbs (-evati): -eval, -evala, -evalo, -evali
- For third conjugation verbs (-iti/-sti): -il/-šil, -ila/-šila, -ilo/-šilo, -ili/-šili
 
Let's see some examples:
 
1. If I had more time, I would travel the world.
Če bi imel več časa, bi potoval po svetu.


When using the conditional tense, make sure to use the correct form of the past participle based on the gender and number of the subject.  
2. If it rained, we would stay at home.
Če bi deževalo, bi ostali doma.


Here are some additional examples:
3. If I were rich, I would buy a big house.
Če bi bil bogat, bi kupil veliko hišo.


* Če bi imela/mela časa, bi šla ven. (If I had time, I would go out.)
4. If you called me, I would come immediately.
* Če bi imel/-a denarja, bi kupil/-a novo obleko. (If I had money, I would buy a new dress.)
Če bi me poklical, bi prišel takoj.
* Če bi vedela/-l, bi rekla/-l. (If I knew, I would say.)


=== The Future Tense ===
5. If I had a car, I would drive to work.
The future tense describes an action that will happen in the future. It is formed by adding the appropriate ending to the verb stem.
Če bi imel avto, bi se vozil v službo.


Here's how to form the future tense in Slovenian:
== Future Tense ==
 
The future tense in Slovenian is used to talk about actions and events that will happen in the future. It is formed by adding specific endings to the verb stem. Let's take a look at the conjugation of regular verbs in the future tense:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Slovenian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Verb stem + appropriate ending  || verb stem + appropriate ending || will + verb
| Izgovoriti (to pronounce) || [iˈzɡɔːʋɔɾiti] || to pronounce
|-
| Povedati (to say) || [pɔˈʋeːdati] || to say
|-
| Delati (to work) || [dɛˈlaːti] || to work
|-
| Jesti (to eat) || [ˈjɛsti] || to eat
|-
| Hoditi (to walk) || [hɔˈdiːti] || to walk
|-
| Voziti (to drive) || [vɔˈziːti] || to drive
|}
|}


For example:
Here are the endings for regular verbs:
 
- For first conjugation verbs (-iti): -il bom, -ila bom, -ilo bom, -ili bomo
- For second conjugation verbs (-evati): -eval bom, -evala bom, -evalo bom, -evali bomo
- For third conjugation verbs (-iti/-sti): -il/-šil bom, -ila/-šila bom, -ilo/-šilo bom, -ili/-šili bomo
 
Let's see some examples:
 
1. Tomorrow, I will go to the cinema.
Jutri bom šel v kino.
 
2. Next week, she will visit her grandparents.
Naslednji teden bo obiskala svoje babice in dedke.
 
3. We will have a party on Saturday.
V soboto bomo imeli zabavo.
 
4. They will study for the exam tonight.
Danes zvečer bodo študirali za izpit.
 
5. In the future, I will learn to play the guitar.
V prihodnosti bom se naučil igrati kitaro.
 
== Cultural Insights ==
 
In Slovenian culture, the use of the conditional and future tenses reflects the mindset of the people. Slovenians are known for their practicality and pragmatism, which is often reflected in their speech. While they can express wishes and hypothetical situations, they tend to focus more on reality and concrete plans. This cultural aspect is important to consider when using the conditional and future tenses in conversation with native Slovenian speakers.
 
Interesting Fact:
Slovenia is home to the world's oldest vine, known as "Stara trta" or "Old Vine." Located in the city of Maribor, this vine is estimated to be over 400 years old and is still producing grapes today. It has become a symbol of Slovenian winemaking and tradition.
 
== Practice Exercises ==
 
Now it's time to practice what you've learned. Complete the following exercises to reinforce your understanding of the conditional and future tenses:


* Jutri grem v kino. (I am going to the cinema tomorrow.)  
Exercise 1: Conjugate the following verbs in the conditional tense:
* Jutri bom šel/-a v kino. (I will go to the cinema tomorrow.)
1. Plesati (to dance)
2. Peti (to sing)
3. Učiti se (to learn)
4. Brati (to read)
5. Kuhati (to cook)


Keep in mind that there are different forms and tenses used for different subjects and situations in Slovenian, so it's important to practice and become familiar with their correct use in conversation.
Exercise 2: Conjugate the following verbs in the future tense:
1. Skakati (to jump)
2. Plavati (to swim)
3. Igrati (to play)
4. Plesati (to dance)
5. Hoditi (to walk)


=== Examples ===
Exercise 3: Translate the following sentences into Slovenian using the conditional or future tense as appropriate:
Here are some examples of the conditional and future tenses in context:
1. If I had a million dollars, I would travel the world.
2. Tomorrow, we will go hiking in the mountains.
3. If it snows, we will build a snowman.
4. In the future, I will learn to speak fluent Slovenian.
5. If she wins the lottery, she will buy a new car.


* Če bi videla/-l, kako lepo je tu, bi se vsak dan sprehajala/-l po parku. (If you saw how beautiful it is here, you would walk in the park every day.)
Exercise 4: Create your own sentences using the conditional and future tense. Be creative and try to incorporate vocabulary and grammar from previous lessons.
* Če bi bilo lepo vreme, bi šli na izlet. (If the weather was nice, we would go on a trip.)
* Spremembe bodo kmalu prišle. (Changes will come soon.)
* Če ne boš prenehal/-a kričati, te bom zapustil/-a. (If you don't stop scremaing, I will leave you.)


=== Practice Makes Perfect ===
Solutions:
To practice using the conditional and future tenses, try writing and speaking basic sentences with these tenses. Here are some prompts:
Exercise 1:
1. Plesal bi.
2. Pel bi.
3. Se učil bi.
4. Bral bi.
5. Kuhal bi.


* Če bi imel/-a ves denar na svetu, kaj bi naredil/-a? (If you had all the money in the world, what would you do?)
Exercise 2:
* Kaj boš jutri počel/-a? (What will you do tomorrow?)
1. Skakal bom.
* Če ne bo deževalo, boš šel/-a na sprehod? (If it doesn't rain, will you go for a walk?)
2. Plaval bom.
* Kje boste v prihodnosti živeli/-a? (Where will you live in the future?)
3. Igral bom.
4. Plesal bom.
5. Hodil bom.


Remember to use the correct forms and tenses based on the gender and number of the subject.  
Exercise 3:
1. Če bi imel milijon dolarjev, bi potoval po svetu.
2. Jutri bomo šli na pohod v hribe.
3. Če bo snežilo, bomo naredili snežaka.
4. V prihodnosti se bom naučil govoriti tekoče slovensko.
5. Če bo zadela na loteriji, si bo kupila nov avto.


In conclusion, the conditional and future tenses are important grammatical tools for expressing hypothetical or future situations in Slovenian conversation. Practice using these tenses with different verbs and subjects to become more comfortable and fluent in their use. Keep up the good work and stay tuned for the next unit of the Complete 0 to A1 Slovenian course.
Exercise 4: (Sample sentences)
1. If I had more time, I would learn to play the piano.
Če bi imel več časa, bi se naučil igrati klavir.
2. Tomorrow, I will go shopping for groceries.
Jutri bom šel nakupovat živila.
3. If it doesn't rain, we will have a picnic in the park.
Če ne bo deževalo, bomo imeli piknik v parku.
4. In the future, I will travel to every continent.
V prihodnosti bom potoval na vsakem kontinentu.
5. If she studies hard, she will pass the exam.
Če bo pridno študirala, bo opravila izpit.


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|keywords=Slovenian grammar, intermediate grammar, conditional tense, future tense, Slovenian conversation
|keywords=Slovenian grammar, Slovenian language, intermediate grammar, conditional tense, future tense, Slovenian culture
|description=Learn how to use the conditional and future tense in Slovenian, including the different forms and tenses used in conversation. Practice speaking and writing basic sentences to become more fluent in their use. }}
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use the conditional and future tense in Slovenian, including the different forms and tenses used in conversation. Explore the cultural insights and practice exercises to strengthen your skills.
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{{Slovenian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
 
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==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Slovenian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]


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Latest revision as of 06:38, 21 June 2023


Slovenian-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Slovenian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Unit 5 - Intermediate Grammar and Communication → Conditional and future tense

Introduction: Welcome to Unit 5 of the "Complete 0 to A1 Slovenian Course". In this lesson, we will delve into the conditional and future tenses in Slovenian. Understanding these tenses is crucial for expressing hypothetical situations, making predictions, and discussing future events. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of how to use the conditional and future tenses in various contexts, enabling you to communicate more effectively in Slovenian.

Conditional Tense[edit | edit source]

The conditional tense in Slovenian is used to express hypothetical situations, wishes, and desires. It is formed by adding specific endings to the verb stem. Let's take a look at the conjugation of regular verbs in the conditional tense:

Slovenian Pronunciation English
Izgovoriti (to pronounce) [iˈzɡɔːʋɔɾiti] to pronounce
Povedati (to say) [pɔˈʋeːdati] to say
Delati (to work) [dɛˈlaːti] to work
Jesti (to eat) [ˈjɛsti] to eat
Hoditi (to walk) [hɔˈdiːti] to walk
Voziti (to drive) [vɔˈziːti] to drive

As you can see, the endings for the conditional tense are added to the verb stem. Here are the endings for regular verbs:

- For first conjugation verbs (-iti): -il, -ila, -ilo, -ili - For second conjugation verbs (-evati): -eval, -evala, -evalo, -evali - For third conjugation verbs (-iti/-sti): -il/-šil, -ila/-šila, -ilo/-šilo, -ili/-šili

Let's see some examples:

1. If I had more time, I would travel the world. Če bi imel več časa, bi potoval po svetu.

2. If it rained, we would stay at home. Če bi deževalo, bi ostali doma.

3. If I were rich, I would buy a big house. Če bi bil bogat, bi kupil veliko hišo.

4. If you called me, I would come immediately. Če bi me poklical, bi prišel takoj.

5. If I had a car, I would drive to work. Če bi imel avto, bi se vozil v službo.

Future Tense[edit | edit source]

The future tense in Slovenian is used to talk about actions and events that will happen in the future. It is formed by adding specific endings to the verb stem. Let's take a look at the conjugation of regular verbs in the future tense:

Slovenian Pronunciation English
Izgovoriti (to pronounce) [iˈzɡɔːʋɔɾiti] to pronounce
Povedati (to say) [pɔˈʋeːdati] to say
Delati (to work) [dɛˈlaːti] to work
Jesti (to eat) [ˈjɛsti] to eat
Hoditi (to walk) [hɔˈdiːti] to walk
Voziti (to drive) [vɔˈziːti] to drive

Here are the endings for regular verbs:

- For first conjugation verbs (-iti): -il bom, -ila bom, -ilo bom, -ili bomo - For second conjugation verbs (-evati): -eval bom, -evala bom, -evalo bom, -evali bomo - For third conjugation verbs (-iti/-sti): -il/-šil bom, -ila/-šila bom, -ilo/-šilo bom, -ili/-šili bomo

Let's see some examples:

1. Tomorrow, I will go to the cinema. Jutri bom šel v kino.

2. Next week, she will visit her grandparents. Naslednji teden bo obiskala svoje babice in dedke.

3. We will have a party on Saturday. V soboto bomo imeli zabavo.

4. They will study for the exam tonight. Danes zvečer bodo študirali za izpit.

5. In the future, I will learn to play the guitar. V prihodnosti bom se naučil igrati kitaro.

Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]

In Slovenian culture, the use of the conditional and future tenses reflects the mindset of the people. Slovenians are known for their practicality and pragmatism, which is often reflected in their speech. While they can express wishes and hypothetical situations, they tend to focus more on reality and concrete plans. This cultural aspect is important to consider when using the conditional and future tenses in conversation with native Slovenian speakers.

Interesting Fact: Slovenia is home to the world's oldest vine, known as "Stara trta" or "Old Vine." Located in the city of Maribor, this vine is estimated to be over 400 years old and is still producing grapes today. It has become a symbol of Slovenian winemaking and tradition.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now it's time to practice what you've learned. Complete the following exercises to reinforce your understanding of the conditional and future tenses:

Exercise 1: Conjugate the following verbs in the conditional tense: 1. Plesati (to dance) 2. Peti (to sing) 3. Učiti se (to learn) 4. Brati (to read) 5. Kuhati (to cook)

Exercise 2: Conjugate the following verbs in the future tense: 1. Skakati (to jump) 2. Plavati (to swim) 3. Igrati (to play) 4. Plesati (to dance) 5. Hoditi (to walk)

Exercise 3: Translate the following sentences into Slovenian using the conditional or future tense as appropriate: 1. If I had a million dollars, I would travel the world. 2. Tomorrow, we will go hiking in the mountains. 3. If it snows, we will build a snowman. 4. In the future, I will learn to speak fluent Slovenian. 5. If she wins the lottery, she will buy a new car.

Exercise 4: Create your own sentences using the conditional and future tense. Be creative and try to incorporate vocabulary and grammar from previous lessons.

Solutions: Exercise 1: 1. Plesal bi. 2. Pel bi. 3. Se učil bi. 4. Bral bi. 5. Kuhal bi.

Exercise 2: 1. Skakal bom. 2. Plaval bom. 3. Igral bom. 4. Plesal bom. 5. Hodil bom.

Exercise 3: 1. Če bi imel milijon dolarjev, bi potoval po svetu. 2. Jutri bomo šli na pohod v hribe. 3. Če bo snežilo, bomo naredili snežaka. 4. V prihodnosti se bom naučil govoriti tekoče slovensko. 5. Če bo zadela na loteriji, si bo kupila nov avto.

Exercise 4: (Sample sentences) 1. If I had more time, I would learn to play the piano. Če bi imel več časa, bi se naučil igrati klavir. 2. Tomorrow, I will go shopping for groceries. Jutri bom šel nakupovat živila. 3. If it doesn't rain, we will have a picnic in the park. Če ne bo deževalo, bomo imeli piknik v parku. 4. In the future, I will travel to every continent. V prihodnosti bom potoval na vsakem kontinentu. 5. If she studies hard, she will pass the exam. Če bo pridno študirala, bo opravila izpit.

Table of Contents - Slovenian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Nouns and Pronouns


Numbers and Time


Verbs and Tenses


Food and Drink


Adjectives and Adverbs


Travel and Transportation


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Hobbies and Free Time


Slovenian Customs and Traditions



Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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